汶川地震震损水库土坝动力反应与几何坝形的经验关系
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摘要
在5·12汶川地震后的四川省水库土坝震害调查成果的基础上,选取汶川地震中受损的有完整资料的96座水库土坝为研究对象,应用等效线性模型对土坝进行了二维动力反应分析。选择3条有代表性的汶川地震实测记录,以三水准峰值加速度输入,得到土坝的动力反应(放大系数、最大动剪应力)与土坝几何形状(宽高比、上游坡比、坝高)间的经验关系。结果表明,土坝放大系数和最大动剪应力随着宽高比和上游坡比的增大而减小,随着坝高的增大而增大;输入波的频谱和峰值强度均对土坝动力反应与其几何形状的经验关系有重要影响。
The technical investigation of earthquake-induced reservoir earth dam damages in Sichuan Province was carried out after M 8.0 Whenchuan earthquake happening on May 12,2008.Ninety six damaged reservoir earth dams with complete information were selected as the subjects investigated.The simple 2D nonlinear dynamic analyses of 96 earth dams were conducted.The equivalent linear model was used to simulate the dynamic nonlinearity of the dam soils.Three representative Wenchuan earthquake records with three levels peak acceleration were taken as the input waves.The dynamic responses including the acceleration amplification factor and the maximum dynamic shear stress of 96 earth dams were analyzed,and the empirical relationships between dynamic response of earth dams and their geometries were discussed. The results show that the acceleration amplification factor and the maximum dynamic shear stress decrease with increase of aspect ratio and upstream slope ratio.With increase of the dam height,the dynamic responses increase.Additionally,the relationships between dynamic response of earth dams and their geometries are related to the characteristics of the input earthquake motion.
The technical investigation of earthquake-induced reservoir earth dam damages in Sichuan Province was carried out after M 8.0 Whenchuan earthquake happening on May 12,2008.Ninety six damaged reservoir earth dams with complete information were selected as the subjects investigated.The simple 2D nonlinear dynamic analyses of 96 earth dams were conducted.The equivalent linear model was used to simulate the dynamic nonlinearity of the dam soils.Three representative Wenchuan earthquake records with three levels peak acceleration were taken as the input waves.The dynamic responses including the acceleration amplification factor and the maximum dynamic shear stress of 96 earth dams were analyzed,and the empirical relationships between dynamic response of earth dams and their geometries were discussed. The results show that the acceleration amplification factor and the maximum dynamic shear stress decrease with increase of aspect ratio and upstream slope ratio.With increase of the dam height,the dynamic responses increase.Additionally,the relationships between dynamic response of earth dams and their geometries are related to the characteristics of the input earthquake motion.
引文
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[2]Sivakumar Babu G L,Srivastava A,Sahana V.Analysis of stability of earthen dams in kachchh region, Gujarat,India[J].Engineering Geology,2007,94(3/ 4):123-136.
[3]Ozkan M Y,Ozyazicioglu M,Aksar U D.An evaluation of Guldurcek dam response during 6 June 2000 Orta earthquake[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2006,26(5):405-419.
[4]陈国兴,景立平,王志华,等.汶川地震中绵阳市梓潼县水库土坝震害调查与分析[J].地震工程与工程振动, 2009,29(5):102-111. Chen G X,Jing L P,Wang Z H,et al.Investigation and analysis of earthquake-induced earth dam damages of reservoirs in Zitong county of Mianyang City during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(5):102-111.
[5]陈国兴,景立平,周新贵,等.汶川8.0级地震后中江县水库震害调查与分析[J].灾害学,2009,24(3):69-74. Chen G X,Jing L P,Zhou X G,et al.Investigation and analysis of earthquake-induced earth dam damages of reservoirs in Zhongjiang county during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2009,24 (3):69-74.
[6]陈国兴,景立平,周新贵,等.汶川8.0级地震后绵阳市游仙区水库震害调查与分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报, 2009,29(3):347-355. Chen G X,Jing L P,Zhou X G,et al.Investigation and analysis of earthquake-induced earth dam damages of reservoirs in Youxian district of Mianyang City during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2009,29(3):347- 355.
[7]景立平,陈国兴,李永强,等.汶川8.0级地震水库震害调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(1):14-23. Jing L P,Chen G X,Li Y Q,et al.Investigation on earthquake-induced dam damage during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(1):14-23.
[8]陈国兴,景立平,汤皓,等.汶川地震中绵竹市水库土坝震损调查与分析[J].南京工业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,31(1):15-23. Chen G X,Jing L P,Tang H,et al.Investigation and analysis of earthquake-induced earth dam damages of reservoirs in Mianzhu city during Wenchuan earthquake [J].Journal of Nanjing University of Technology (Natural Science Edition),2009,31(1):15-23.
[9]Makdisi F I,Seed H B.Simplified procedure for estimating embankment response[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1979,105(GT12):1427-1434.
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