动荷载诱发上下交叠硐室间顶柱失稳的突变理论分析
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摘要
根据上下交叠型地下硐室群的主要特征,将硐室间的顶柱简化为两端固定梁力学模型,把动荷载简化为谐波。考虑梁的自重,建立了动荷载诱发上下交叠型地下硐室间顶柱失稳的双尖点突变模型,导出了其失稳条件。根据失稳条件确定了顶柱的临界安全厚度。分析了动荷载振幅、频率对顶柱临界安全厚度的影响。以厂坝铅锌矿为例,计算了爆破震动作用下采场与下方采空区间顶柱的临界安全厚度。研究结果表明,上下交叠型地下硐室间顶柱的失稳不仅取决于动荷载的振幅和频率,而且还与自重荷载以及围岩特性有关,这与测试结果和有关爆破地震效应的最新研究成果是一致的。
According to the main characters of overlap underground chambers, the top pillar between two adjacent underground chambers is simplified to the beam fixed at both ends, and dynamic loading is simplified to harmonic wave. The catastrophic model of double cusp for instability of the top pillar between overlap underground chambers induced by dynamic loading has been established considering deadweight of the beam, and its condition of instability has been worked out. The critical safety thickness of the top pillar has been confirmed according to the instability condition. The influence of amplitude, frequency of dynamic loading on critical safety thickness of top pillar has been analyzed. Taking the Changba Lead-zinc Mine for example, the critical safety thickness of the top pillar between stope and mined-out area below under blasting vibration loadings is confirmed. Research results show that the instability of the top pillar between two overlap underground chambers is not only dependent on the amplitude and frequency of dynamic loads, but also related to deadweight load and characters of surrounding rock. It is accordant to testing results and some related latest research results of blasting seismic effects.
According to the main characters of overlap underground chambers, the top pillar between two adjacent underground chambers is simplified to the beam fixed at both ends, and dynamic loading is simplified to harmonic wave. The catastrophic model of double cusp for instability of the top pillar between overlap underground chambers induced by dynamic loading has been established considering deadweight of the beam, and its condition of instability has been worked out. The critical safety thickness of the top pillar has been confirmed according to the instability condition. The influence of amplitude, frequency of dynamic loading on critical safety thickness of top pillar has been analyzed. Taking the Changba Lead-zinc Mine for example, the critical safety thickness of the top pillar between stope and mined-out area below under blasting vibration loadings is confirmed. Research results show that the instability of the top pillar between two overlap underground chambers is not only dependent on the amplitude and frequency of dynamic loads, but also related to deadweight load and characters of surrounding rock. It is accordant to testing results and some related latest research results of blasting seismic effects.
引文
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[16]左宇军,李夕兵,赵国彦.受静载作用的岩石的动态断裂的突变模型[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(6):654~658.Zuo Yujun,Li Xibing,Zhao Guoyan.A catastrophe model for dynamic fracture of static loaded rock[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(6):654~658.(in Chinese)
[17]J.亨利奇.爆炸动力学及其应用[M].熊建国译.北京:科学出版社,1987.Henrych J.Explosion dynamics and its application[M].Xiong Janguo(translate).Beijing:Science Press,1987.(in Chinese)
[2]伍法权.中国21世纪若干重大工程地质与环境问题[J].工程地质学报,2001,9(2):115~120.Wu Faquan.Major engineering geological and envirronmental problems in China in21st century[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2001,9(2):115~120.(in Chinese)
[3]Einar Broch,Arne M Myrvang,Gisle Stjern.Support oflarge rock caverns in norway[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1996,11(1):210~232.
[4]Yoshida1T,Ohnishi Y,Nishiyama S,Hirakawa Y,Mori S.Behavior of discontinuities during excavation of two large underground caverns[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(3):287~291
[5]李海波,蒋会军,赵坚.动荷载作用下岩体工程安全的几个问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1887~1891.Li Haibo,Jiang Huijun,Zhao Jian.Some problems about safety analysis of rock engineering under dynamic load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1887~1891.(in Chinese)
[6]Huang W L.Assessment of damage in mountain tunnels due to the Taiwan Chi-Chi Earthquake[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2001,(2):133~150.
[7]陈健云,胡志强,林皋.超大型地下洞室群的随机地震响应分析[J].水利学报,2002,(1):71~75.Chen Jianyun,Hu Zhiqiang,Lin Gao.Random seismic response analysis of large scale underground caverns[J].Chinese Journal of Hydraulic,2002,(1):71~75.(in Chinese)
[8]Chern J C,Chang Y L,Lee H C.Seismic safety analysis of Kukuan underground power cavern[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2004,(19):516~527.
[9]张璞.列车振动荷载作用下上下近距离地铁区间交叠隧道的动力响应分析[D].上海:同济大学土木工程学院,2001.Zhang Pu.Analysis of dynamic response of crisscross and overlapping tunnels between stations in close proximity due to train vibrating load[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,School of Civil Engineering,2001.(in Chinese)
[10]Saunders P T著.突变理论入门[M].凌复华译.上海:上海科学技术和文献出版社,1983.Saunders P T.Abecedarium for catastrophe theory[M].Ling Fuhua(translate).Shanghai:Shanghai Science&Technology and Reference Press,1983.(in Chinese)
[11]潘一山,章梦涛,李国臻.洞室岩爆的尖角型突变模型[J].应用数学和力学,1994,15(10):893~900.Pan Yishan,Zhang Mengtao,Li Guozhen.The study of chamber rockburst by the cusp model of catastrophe theory[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,1994,15(10):893~900.(in Chinese)
[12]潘岳.岩石破坏过程的折迭突变模型[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(3):299~303.Pan Yue.Fold catastrophe model of damaging process in rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1999,21(3):299~303.(in Chinese)
[13]秦四清.斜坡失稳的突变模型与混沌机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(4):486~492Qin Siqing.Nonlinear catastrophe model of slope instability and chaotic dynamics mechanism of slope evolution process[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(4):486~492.(in Chinese)
[14]许强,黄润秋.地震作用下结构非线性响应的突变分析[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(4):25~30.Xu Qiang,Huang Runqiu.Catastrophic analysis of nonlinear response of structure under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1997,19(4):25~30.(in Chinese)
[15]沈茂山,魏德敏.弹性拱振动失稳的突变模型[J].应用数学和力学,1990,11(12):1099~1102.Shen Maoshan,Wei Demin.A catastrophic model for vibration buckling of elastic arches[J].Applied Mathematics and mechanics,1990,11(12):1099~1102.(in Chinese)
[16]左宇军,李夕兵,赵国彦.受静载作用的岩石的动态断裂的突变模型[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(6):654~658.Zuo Yujun,Li Xibing,Zhao Guoyan.A catastrophe model for dynamic fracture of static loaded rock[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(6):654~658.(in Chinese)
[17]J.亨利奇.爆炸动力学及其应用[M].熊建国译.北京:科学出版社,1987.Henrych J.Explosion dynamics and its application[M].Xiong Janguo(translate).Beijing:Science Press,1987.(in Chinese)
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