汶川地震紫坪铺面板堆石坝地震波输入研究
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摘要
对国家强震动台网中心紫坪铺面板堆石坝区域台站实测主震记录以及大坝台网实测余震记录进行分析,研究主震与强余震地震动的基本特征。分别选取茂县地办、郫县走石山、成都中和这3组基岩台站实测主震地震动,紫坪铺台站2008年11月6日实测余震地震动以及按水工抗震规范人工生成地震动作为数值计算的地震动输入,对紫坪铺大坝进行三维动力有限元分析,并与实测结果进行对比。研究表明,郫县走石山与成都中和2个远场台站位于断层下盘,其实测地震动的加速度反应谱长周期(0.65 s以后)分量过于丰富,不宜作为断裂带附近紫坪铺大坝的地震动输入;紫坪铺大坝台站实测的余震地震动1 Hz附近(大坝基频)的频率成分相对较少,且持续时间较短,以至于难以激发大坝响应;对比坝顶实测地震动加速度反应谱和数值计算反应谱,建议汶川地震中紫坪铺大坝动力计算时可采用茂县地办台站实测地震动或按抗震设计规范反应谱人工生成地震动。
The main shock measured by stations of China strong motion networks center(CSMNC) around Zipingpu concrete face rockfill dam(CFRD) and the aftershock measured by Zipingpu stations are analyzed.The basic characteristics of strong ground motions are studied.Three-dimensional dynamic finite element analysis is adopted to analyze Zipingpu CFRD while the main shock measured by stations like Diban of Mao county(DBM),Zoushishan of Pi county(ZSP),Zhonghe of Chengdu(ZHC) and recorded aftershock of rock stations on dam site on Nov.6,2008 and artificial ground motion generated by standardized spectrum of specifications for seismic design of hydraulic structures as seismic input;and then comparison between the finite element data and the measured data is made.It is shown that the long period component(0.65 s later) of response spectrum of ground motion recorded by stations of ZSP and ZHC is much too rich as these far-field stations locate in the footwall of fault.As Zipingpu dam locates near the fault,main shock recorded by far-field stations can not be used as seismic input.The components in the range of about 1 Hz(base frequency of the dam) of the aftershock recorded by stations of Zipingpu dam are lower and the duration is less so that it is difficult to stimulate the dam.Compared with measured and calculated spectra on dam crest,ground motions measured by Diban station of Mao county and artificial ground motion generated by standardized spectrum are suggested to be used in dynamic analysis of Zipingpu dam during Wenchuan earthquake.
The main shock measured by stations of China strong motion networks center(CSMNC) around Zipingpu concrete face rockfill dam(CFRD) and the aftershock measured by Zipingpu stations are analyzed.The basic characteristics of strong ground motions are studied.Three-dimensional dynamic finite element analysis is adopted to analyze Zipingpu CFRD while the main shock measured by stations like Diban of Mao county(DBM),Zoushishan of Pi county(ZSP),Zhonghe of Chengdu(ZHC) and recorded aftershock of rock stations on dam site on Nov.6,2008 and artificial ground motion generated by standardized spectrum of specifications for seismic design of hydraulic structures as seismic input;and then comparison between the finite element data and the measured data is made.It is shown that the long period component(0.65 s later) of response spectrum of ground motion recorded by stations of ZSP and ZHC is much too rich as these far-field stations locate in the footwall of fault.As Zipingpu dam locates near the fault,main shock recorded by far-field stations can not be used as seismic input.The components in the range of about 1 Hz(base frequency of the dam) of the aftershock recorded by stations of Zipingpu dam are lower and the duration is less so that it is difficult to stimulate the dam.Compared with measured and calculated spectra on dam crest,ground motions measured by Diban station of Mao county and artificial ground motion generated by standardized spectrum are suggested to be used in dynamic analysis of Zipingpu dam during Wenchuan earthquake.
引文
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[2]陈生水,霍家平,章为民.汶川“5.12”地震对紫坪铺混凝土面板堆石坝的影响及原因分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6):795-801.CHEN Sheng-shui,HUO Jia-ping,ZHANG Wei-min.Analysis of effects of“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake onZipingpu concrete face rock-fill dam[J].Chinese Journalof Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(6):795-801.
[3]孔宪京,邹德高,周扬,等.汶川地震中紫坪铺混凝土面板堆石坝震害分析[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(5):667-674.KONG Xian-jing,ZOU De-gao,ZHOU Yang,et al.Earthquake damage analysis of Zipingpu concrete facerock-fill dam during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal ofDalian University of Technology,2009,49(5):667-674.
[4]赵剑明,刘小生,温彦锋,等.紫坪铺大坝汶川地震震害分析及高土石坝抗震减灾研究设想[J].水力发电,2009,35(5):11-14.ZHAO Jian-ming,LIU Xiao-sheng,WEN Yan-feng,et al.Analysis of earthquake damage of the Zipingpu dam inWenchuan earthquake and the study proposal on theanti-earthquake and disaster reduction of high earth-rockdam[J].Water Power,2009,35(5):11-14.
[5]中国地震局震害防御司.汶川8.0级地震未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社,2008.
[6]杨志宏,胡良文.紫坪铺水利枢纽工程混凝土面板堆石坝震后处理[R].成都:水利部四川水利水电勘测设计研究院,2008.
[7]徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):597-629.XU Xi-wei,WEN Xue-ze,YE Jian-qing,et al.The Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake surface ruptures and itsseismogenic structure[J].Seismology and Geology,2008,30(3):597-629.
[8]李爽,谢礼立.近场问题的研究现状与发展方向[J].地震学报,2007,29(1):102-111.LI Shuang,XIE Li-li.Progress and trend on near-fieldproblems in civil engineering[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2007,29(1):102-111.
[9]刘启方,袁一凡,金星,等.近断层地震动的基本特征[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1):1-10.LIU Qi-fang,YUAN Yi-fan,JIN Xing,et al.Basiccharacteristics of near-fault ground motion[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(1):1-10.
[10]邹德高,孔宪京,徐斌.Geotechnical Dynamic NonlinearAnalysis-GEODYNA使用说明[M].大连:大连理工大学土木水利学院工程抗震研究所,2003.
[11]刘小生,王钟宁,汪小刚,等.面板坝大型振动台模型试验与动力分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[12]中国水利水电科学研究院.水工建筑物抗震设计规范SL203-1997[S].北京:中华人民共和国水利部,1997.
[13]于海英,王栋,杨永强,等.汶川8.0级地震强震动加速度记录的初步分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(1):1-13.YU Hai-ying,WANG Dong,YANG Yong-qiang,et al.The preliminary analysis of strong ground motion recordsfrom the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(1):1-13.
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