中高温三轴应力下鲁灰花岗岩热破裂声发射特征的试验研究
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摘要
在中高温三轴应力作用下岩石内部物理化学性质和结构特性将发生变化,随着岩石内部结构的变化会引发一系列的声发射现象。通过试验研究了大试件花岗岩在三轴压力状态下声发射随温度的变化规律。试验研究表明:①随着温度升高,岩石的声发射现象是间断发生的;②花岗岩存在一个开始发生热破裂的门槛值温度,其值为120℃左右;③试验温度范围内花岗岩热破裂的声发射现象可分为5个阶段,即岩石原生裂隙整合阶段、热破裂前声发射静默阶段、热破裂声发射阶段、大规模热破裂后声发射静默阶段、二次热破裂开始阶段。
The interior physicochemical and structural properties of rock change under middle-high temperature and triaxial stress; and all these Changes would make a series of the acoustic emission phenomena. The law of the acoustic emission of granite sample under triaxial stress (axial pressure 860 kN, confining pressure 1 150 kN) with temperature is primarily studied by experiment. It is shown in this research that: ① The acoustic emission phenomena of rock discontinuously occur under the effect of temperature. ② There is the threshold for the beginning of granite thermal cracking, which is around of 120 ℃. ③ There are 5 stages for the acoustic emission phenomena of granite cracking under the effect of temperature: movement stage of the rock’s original cracking; stage of the acoustic emission before the thermal cracking; the acoustic emission of thermal cracking stage; still stage of the acoustic emission after the large-scale thermal cracking; second thermal cracking stage.
The interior physicochemical and structural properties of rock change under middle-high temperature and triaxial stress; and all these Changes would make a series of the acoustic emission phenomena. The law of the acoustic emission of granite sample under triaxial stress (axial pressure 860 kN, confining pressure 1 150 kN) with temperature is primarily studied by experiment. It is shown in this research that: ① The acoustic emission phenomena of rock discontinuously occur under the effect of temperature. ② There is the threshold for the beginning of granite thermal cracking, which is around of 120 ℃. ③ There are 5 stages for the acoustic emission phenomena of granite cracking under the effect of temperature: movement stage of the rock’s original cracking; stage of the acoustic emission before the thermal cracking; the acoustic emission of thermal cracking stage; still stage of the acoustic emission after the large-scale thermal cracking; second thermal cracking stage.
引文
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[12]武晋文,万志军,赵阳升,等.高温三轴应力下花岗岩声发射特征实验中噪声的分析[J].科学技术与工程,2008,8(4):2119-2124.
[13]逢焕东,姜福兴,张兴民.剪应力在缺陷体声发射过程中的作用[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(6):824-827.FENG Huan-dong,JIANG Fu-xing,ZHANG Xing-min.Function of shearing stress in the process of acoustic emission in slotted rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(6):824-827.
[14]林为人,铃木舜一,高桥学,等.稻田花岗岩中的流体包裹体及其导致高温条件下微小裂纹的形成[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(6):899-904.LIN Wei-ren,Suzuki Shunichi,Takahashi,et al.Fliud inclusions and thermal microcracking in inada granite[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(6):899-904.
[15]赵阳升,孟巧荣,康天合,等.显微CT试验技术与花岗岩热破裂特征的细观研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1):28-34.ZHAO Yang-sheng,MENG Qiao-rong,KANG Tian-he.et al.Micro-CT experimental technology and meso-investigation on thermal fracturing characteristics of granite[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(1):28-34.
[2]腾山邦久.声发射(AE)技术的应用[M].冯夏庭译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1996.
[3]赵阳升,万志军,康建荣.高温岩体地热开发导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[4]CHEN YONG,WANG CHIYUE.Thermally induced acoustic emission in Westerly granite[J].Geophysical Research,1994,99(B12):24251-24261.
[5]陈颙,吴晓东,张福勤.岩石热开裂的实验研究[J].科学通报,1999,44(8):880-883.CHEN Yong,WU Xiao-dong,ZHANG Fu-qin.Experimental research of rock thermal cracking[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1999,44(8):880-883.
[6]李纪汉,刘晓红,郝晋昇.温度对岩石的弹性波速和声发射的影响[J].地震学报,1986,8(3):293-300.LI Ji-han,LIU Xiao-hong,HAO Jin-sheng.Temperature effect on the elastic wave velocity and acoustic emission of rocks samples[J].ACTA Selsmologica Sinica,1986,8(3):293-300.
[7]李纪汉,蔡戴恩,方亚如,等.岩石热开裂声发射m值的变化[C]//第一届高温高压岩石力学学术讨论会论文集.北京:学术书刊出版社,1988:54-60.
[8]席道瑛.花岗岩中矿物相变的物性特征[J].矿物学报,1994,14(3):223-227.XI Dao-ying.Physical characteristics of mineral phase transition in the granite[J].ACTA Mineralogica Sinaca,1994,14(3):223-227.
[9]张渊,曲方,赵阳升.岩石热破裂的声发射现象[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(1):73-75.ZHANG Yuan,QU Fang,ZHAO Yang-sheng.Acousticemission phenomena of thermal cracking of sandstone[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(1):73-75.
[10]蒋海昆,张流,周永胜.地壳不同深度温压条件下花岗岩变形破坏及声发射时序特征[J].地震学报,2000,22(4):395-403.JIANG Hai-kun,ZHANG Liu,ZHOU Yong-sheng.Granite deformation and behavior of acoustic emission sequence under the temperature and pressure condition in different crust depths[J].ACTA Selsmologica Sinica,2000,22(4):395-403.
[11]蒋海昆,张流,周永胜.不同温度条件下花岗岩变形破坏及声发射时序特征[J].地震,2000,20(3):87-94.JIANG Hai-kun,ZHANG Liu,ZHOU Yong-sheng.Characteristics of AE temporal sequences in the process of deformation and failure of granite at high pressure and different temperatures[J].Earthquake,2000,20(3):87-94.
[12]武晋文,万志军,赵阳升,等.高温三轴应力下花岗岩声发射特征实验中噪声的分析[J].科学技术与工程,2008,8(4):2119-2124.
[13]逢焕东,姜福兴,张兴民.剪应力在缺陷体声发射过程中的作用[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(6):824-827.FENG Huan-dong,JIANG Fu-xing,ZHANG Xing-min.Function of shearing stress in the process of acoustic emission in slotted rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(6):824-827.
[14]林为人,铃木舜一,高桥学,等.稻田花岗岩中的流体包裹体及其导致高温条件下微小裂纹的形成[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(6):899-904.LIN Wei-ren,Suzuki Shunichi,Takahashi,et al.Fliud inclusions and thermal microcracking in inada granite[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(6):899-904.
[15]赵阳升,孟巧荣,康天合,等.显微CT试验技术与花岗岩热破裂特征的细观研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1):28-34.ZHAO Yang-sheng,MENG Qiao-rong,KANG Tian-he.et al.Micro-CT experimental technology and meso-investigation on thermal fracturing characteristics of granite[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(1):28-34.
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