大型坳陷湖盆层序地层格架的研究方法体系——以鄂尔多斯盆地中生界延长组为例
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摘要
大型坳陷湖盆层序地层学研究有很大进展,但鄂尔多斯大型湖盆层序地层研究进展缓慢,主要原因是黄土塬地震资料品质差,钻井资料多解性强,横向等时对比困难,尚未找到合适的研究方法体系。本文通过三年攻关研究,总结出适合于这种湖盆层序地层格架建立的方法体系,笔者称之为"六定"方法体系:"露头剖面定标准、小波变换定级次、湖平面变化定旋回、测井曲线定样式、地震解释定格架、三者结合定方案"。通过"六定"方法体系的系统应用,建立了可以在全盆地范围内进行地层划分与对比的三级层序地层格架。
The study on sequence stratigraphy in Large sagged lacustrine basin have made a quiet great progress,but the study about sequence stratigraphy in Ordos Large sagged lacustrine basin have obtained less progress.The reasons are as follows: the trait of seismic data on Loess Plateau is bad;the logging data may be interpreted variedly;comparison in isochronous is difficult;and correct method system has not been found.In this paper,authors put forward a new method system of studying sequence stratigraphic framework of Large sagged lacustrine basin which include six parts: establishing standard from outcrop profiles,confirming grade of sequence from wavelet analysis,ascertaining sequence cycles from lake level changes,affirming mode from borehole logs,notarizing framework from seismic interpretation,and proposing scheme from the integration of outcrop profiles,borehole logs and seismic interpreted profiles.This method system has been applied to the projects about petroleum prospecting of Ordos Mesozoic Basin.Finally,we have established the sequence stratigraphic framework which adapts to divide and compare stratigraphy in Ordos Mesozoic basin.
The study on sequence stratigraphy in Large sagged lacustrine basin have made a quiet great progress,but the study about sequence stratigraphy in Ordos Large sagged lacustrine basin have obtained less progress.The reasons are as follows: the trait of seismic data on Loess Plateau is bad;the logging data may be interpreted variedly;comparison in isochronous is difficult;and correct method system has not been found.In this paper,authors put forward a new method system of studying sequence stratigraphic framework of Large sagged lacustrine basin which include six parts: establishing standard from outcrop profiles,confirming grade of sequence from wavelet analysis,ascertaining sequence cycles from lake level changes,affirming mode from borehole logs,notarizing framework from seismic interpretation,and proposing scheme from the integration of outcrop profiles,borehole logs and seismic interpreted profiles.This method system has been applied to the projects about petroleum prospecting of Ordos Mesozoic Basin.Finally,we have established the sequence stratigraphic framework which adapts to divide and compare stratigraphy in Ordos Mesozoic basin.
引文
1尹太举,张昌民.层序地层格架内的油气勘探[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(1):25-30[Yin Taiju,Zhang Changmin.Hydrocarbon exploration in the sequence stratigraphy framework[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(1):25-30]
2顾家裕,郭彬程,张兴阳.中国陆相盆地层序地层格架及模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(2):11-14[Gu Jiayu,Guo Bincheng,Zhang Xingyang.Sequence stratigraphic framework and model of the continental basins in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2005,32(2):11-14]
3郭彦如.银额盆地查干断陷闭流湖盆层序类型与层序地层模式[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(6):448-452[Guo Yanru.Sequence types and sequence stratigraphic models of Chagan fault-depressed stag-nant lacustrine depression,Yine Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(6):448-452]
4李思田,林畅松,解习农,等.大型陆相盆地层序地层学研究---以鄂尔多斯中生代盆地为例[J].地学前缘,1995,2(3-4):133-136[Li Sitian,Lin Changsong,Xie Xinong,et al.Approaches of nonmarine sequence stratigraphy:a case study on the Mesozoic Ordos Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1995,2(3-4):133-136]
5陈波,潘仁芳,郭甲世.鄂尔多斯盆地中部三叠系延长组层序地层学探讨[J].江汉石油学院学报,1996,18(3):19-24[Chen Bo,Pan Renfang,Guo Jiashi.Sequence stratigraphy of Yanchang Formation(Triassic)in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Jianghan PetroleumInstitute,1996,18(3):19-24]
6郑荣才,彭军.陕北志丹三角洲长6油层组高分辨率层序分析与等时对比[J].沉积学报,2002,20(1):92-100[Zheng Rongcai,Peng Jun.Analysis and isochronostratigraphic correlation of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy for Chang-6Oil Reservoir Set in Zhidan Delta,Northern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2002,20(1):92-100]
7屈红军,李文厚,梅志超,等.论层序地层学与含油气系统在油气勘探中的联系---以鄂尔多斯中生代盆地为例[J].地质论评,2003,49(5):495-500[Qu Hongjun,Li Wenhou,Mei Zhichao,et al.Rela-tionship between sequence stratigraphy and petroleum system in oil and gas exploration:an example in the Mesozoic Ordos Basin[J].Geolog-ical Review,2003,49(5):495-500]
8吴志宇,赵虹,李文厚,等.安塞地区延长组层序地层特征[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):190-193[Wu Zhiyu,Zhao Hong,Li Wen-hou,et al.Sequence stratigraphy of Yanchang Formation in Ansai area[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(2):190-193]
9杨友运.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组沉积体系和层序特征[J].地质通报,2005,24(4):369-372[Yang Youyong.Characteristics of the depositional systems and sequence evolution of the Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos basin[J].Geological Bulletin of China.2005,24(4):369-372]
10毛明陆,李元昊.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组层序地层特征[J].低渗透油气田,2005,10(4):5-11[Mao Minglu,Li Yuanhao.Se-quence-stratigraphic features of Yanchang Formation,Triassic system in Ordos Basin[J].Low-Permeability Oil/Gas Field,2005,10(4):5-11]
11王宏波,郭彦如,郑希民,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组层序地层与生储盖组合特征[J].西北油气勘探,2005,17(3):35-40[Wang Hongbo,Guo Yanru,Zheng Ximing,et al.Sequence stratig-raphy and source-reservoir-cap assemblages of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Northwest Oil&Gas Exploration,2005,17(3):35-40]
12李凤杰,王多云.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田延长组高分辨率层序地层学研究[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(3):339-344[Li Fengjie,Wang Duoyun.The high-resolution sequence stratigraphic feature of Yanchang Formation in Xifeng Oilfield,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(3):339-344]
13杨明慧,刘池洋.鄂尔多斯中生代陆相盆地层序地层格架及多种能源矿产聚集[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(4):563-569[Yang Minghui,Liu Chiyang.Sequence stratigraphic framework and its control on accumulation of various energy resources in the Mesozoic continental basins in Ordos[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(4):563-569]
14陈洪德,倪新锋.陇东地区三叠系延长组沉积层序及充填响应特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(2):143-151[Chen Hongde,Ni Xinfeng.Depositional sequence and filling response characteristics of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Longdong Area[J].Oil&Gas Ge-ology,2006,27(2):143-151]
15张兴阳,罗平,顾家裕,等.三级基准面旋回内三角洲砂体骨架模型的建立[J].沉积学报,2006,24(4):540-547[Zhang Xingyang,Luo Ping,Gu Jiayu,et al.Establishment of the delta sandbody frame-work model in a3rd order base-level cycle:taking Shanbei Ansai delta outcrop as an example[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(4):540-547]
16徐怀大.从地震地层学到层序地层学:油气盆地的定性化与定量化描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997[Xu Huaida.From Seis-mic Stratigraphy to Sequence Stratigraphy:the Qualitative and Quanti-tative Description about Oil&Gas Basins[M].Beijing:Petroleum In-dustry Press,1997]
17魏魁生,徐怀大,雷怀玉,等.非海相层序地层学-以松辽盆地为例.北京:地质出版社,1996[Wei Kuisheng,Xu Huaida,Lei Hua-iyu,et al.Nonmarine Sequence Stratigraphy:an example in the Songliao Basin[J].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996]
18纪友亮,张世奇.陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996[Ji Youliang,Zhang Shiqi.Sequence Stratigraphy in Continental Fault-Trough Lacustrine Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1996]
19谢渊,王剑,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组湖盆致密砂岩储层层序地层与油气勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2004[Xie Yuan,Wang Jian,et al.The Sequence Stratigraphy&Oil-Gas Exploration of Dense Sandstone Reservoir in the Southwestern Ordos Basin[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2004].
20Cross T A.Applications of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy:to reservoir analysis[C]∥Proceedings of the7th Exploration and Pro-duction Research Conference,1995:11-13
21邓宏文,王红亮,宁宁.沉积体积分配原理---高分辨率层序地层学的理论基础[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):305-313[Deng Hong-wen,Wang Hongliang,Ning Ning.Sediment volume partition princi-ple:theory basis for high-resolution sequence stratigraphy[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(4):305-313]
22张世奇,任延广.松辽盆地中生代沉积基准面变化研究[J].长安大学学报(地球科学版),2003,25(2):1-5[Zhang Shiqi,Ren Yanguang.The study of base level changes of the Songliao Basin in Mesozoic[J].Journal of Chang'an University(Earth Science Edi-tion),2003,25(2):1-5]
23郭彦如.银额盆地查干断陷闭流湖盆层序的控制因素与形成机理[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):295-301[Guo Yanru.Controls and for-mation mechanism of the sequences in the Chagan fault-depressed stagnant lacustrine depression,Yine Basin[J].Acta Sedimentolgica Sinica,2004,22(2):295-301]
24Vail P R,Mitchum R M.Seismic stratigraghy and global changes in sea level from coastal onlap[C]∥Payton C E,ed.Seismic strati-graghy application to hydrocarbon exploration.AAPG,Memoir,1977,26:51-212
25余继峰,李增学.测井数据小波变换及其地质意义[J].中国矿业大学学报,2003,32(3):336-339[Yu Jifeng,Li Zengxue.Wavelet transform of logging data and its geological significance[J].Journal ofChina University of Mining&Technology,2003,32(3):336-339]
26王志坤,王多云,宋广寿,等.测井信号小波分析在高分辨率层序地层划分中的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2005,29(6):17-20[Wang Zhikun,Wang Duoyun,Song Guangshou,et al.Application of wavelet analysis to sequence stratigraphic division of high resolution sequence stratigraphy[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2005,29(6):17-20]
27郑希民,郭彦如,刘化清,等.应用自然伽玛测井曲线小波分析划分陆相坳陷盆地三级层序的方法:以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组为例[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):672-676[Zheng Ximing,Guo Yanru,Liu Huaqing,et al.The method of division third-degree suc-cession of strata by gamma ray logging wavelet analysis in stationary continental facies depression basin:taking Yanchang Formation of Or-dos Basin as an example[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(5):672-676]
28李相博,郭彦如,刘化清,等.浅谈小波分析在鄂尔多斯盆地延长组层序地层划分中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(6):779-782[Li Xiangbo,Guo Yanru,Liu Huaqing,et al.The application of wavelet analysis in sequence stratigraphic subdivision of the Yan-chang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(6):779-782]
2顾家裕,郭彬程,张兴阳.中国陆相盆地层序地层格架及模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(2):11-14[Gu Jiayu,Guo Bincheng,Zhang Xingyang.Sequence stratigraphic framework and model of the continental basins in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2005,32(2):11-14]
3郭彦如.银额盆地查干断陷闭流湖盆层序类型与层序地层模式[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(6):448-452[Guo Yanru.Sequence types and sequence stratigraphic models of Chagan fault-depressed stag-nant lacustrine depression,Yine Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(6):448-452]
4李思田,林畅松,解习农,等.大型陆相盆地层序地层学研究---以鄂尔多斯中生代盆地为例[J].地学前缘,1995,2(3-4):133-136[Li Sitian,Lin Changsong,Xie Xinong,et al.Approaches of nonmarine sequence stratigraphy:a case study on the Mesozoic Ordos Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1995,2(3-4):133-136]
5陈波,潘仁芳,郭甲世.鄂尔多斯盆地中部三叠系延长组层序地层学探讨[J].江汉石油学院学报,1996,18(3):19-24[Chen Bo,Pan Renfang,Guo Jiashi.Sequence stratigraphy of Yanchang Formation(Triassic)in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Jianghan PetroleumInstitute,1996,18(3):19-24]
6郑荣才,彭军.陕北志丹三角洲长6油层组高分辨率层序分析与等时对比[J].沉积学报,2002,20(1):92-100[Zheng Rongcai,Peng Jun.Analysis and isochronostratigraphic correlation of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy for Chang-6Oil Reservoir Set in Zhidan Delta,Northern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2002,20(1):92-100]
7屈红军,李文厚,梅志超,等.论层序地层学与含油气系统在油气勘探中的联系---以鄂尔多斯中生代盆地为例[J].地质论评,2003,49(5):495-500[Qu Hongjun,Li Wenhou,Mei Zhichao,et al.Rela-tionship between sequence stratigraphy and petroleum system in oil and gas exploration:an example in the Mesozoic Ordos Basin[J].Geolog-ical Review,2003,49(5):495-500]
8吴志宇,赵虹,李文厚,等.安塞地区延长组层序地层特征[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):190-193[Wu Zhiyu,Zhao Hong,Li Wen-hou,et al.Sequence stratigraphy of Yanchang Formation in Ansai area[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(2):190-193]
9杨友运.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组沉积体系和层序特征[J].地质通报,2005,24(4):369-372[Yang Youyong.Characteristics of the depositional systems and sequence evolution of the Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos basin[J].Geological Bulletin of China.2005,24(4):369-372]
10毛明陆,李元昊.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组层序地层特征[J].低渗透油气田,2005,10(4):5-11[Mao Minglu,Li Yuanhao.Se-quence-stratigraphic features of Yanchang Formation,Triassic system in Ordos Basin[J].Low-Permeability Oil/Gas Field,2005,10(4):5-11]
11王宏波,郭彦如,郑希民,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组层序地层与生储盖组合特征[J].西北油气勘探,2005,17(3):35-40[Wang Hongbo,Guo Yanru,Zheng Ximing,et al.Sequence stratig-raphy and source-reservoir-cap assemblages of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Northwest Oil&Gas Exploration,2005,17(3):35-40]
12李凤杰,王多云.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田延长组高分辨率层序地层学研究[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(3):339-344[Li Fengjie,Wang Duoyun.The high-resolution sequence stratigraphic feature of Yanchang Formation in Xifeng Oilfield,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(3):339-344]
13杨明慧,刘池洋.鄂尔多斯中生代陆相盆地层序地层格架及多种能源矿产聚集[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(4):563-569[Yang Minghui,Liu Chiyang.Sequence stratigraphic framework and its control on accumulation of various energy resources in the Mesozoic continental basins in Ordos[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(4):563-569]
14陈洪德,倪新锋.陇东地区三叠系延长组沉积层序及充填响应特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(2):143-151[Chen Hongde,Ni Xinfeng.Depositional sequence and filling response characteristics of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Longdong Area[J].Oil&Gas Ge-ology,2006,27(2):143-151]
15张兴阳,罗平,顾家裕,等.三级基准面旋回内三角洲砂体骨架模型的建立[J].沉积学报,2006,24(4):540-547[Zhang Xingyang,Luo Ping,Gu Jiayu,et al.Establishment of the delta sandbody frame-work model in a3rd order base-level cycle:taking Shanbei Ansai delta outcrop as an example[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(4):540-547]
16徐怀大.从地震地层学到层序地层学:油气盆地的定性化与定量化描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997[Xu Huaida.From Seis-mic Stratigraphy to Sequence Stratigraphy:the Qualitative and Quanti-tative Description about Oil&Gas Basins[M].Beijing:Petroleum In-dustry Press,1997]
17魏魁生,徐怀大,雷怀玉,等.非海相层序地层学-以松辽盆地为例.北京:地质出版社,1996[Wei Kuisheng,Xu Huaida,Lei Hua-iyu,et al.Nonmarine Sequence Stratigraphy:an example in the Songliao Basin[J].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996]
18纪友亮,张世奇.陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996[Ji Youliang,Zhang Shiqi.Sequence Stratigraphy in Continental Fault-Trough Lacustrine Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1996]
19谢渊,王剑,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组湖盆致密砂岩储层层序地层与油气勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2004[Xie Yuan,Wang Jian,et al.The Sequence Stratigraphy&Oil-Gas Exploration of Dense Sandstone Reservoir in the Southwestern Ordos Basin[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2004].
20Cross T A.Applications of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy:to reservoir analysis[C]∥Proceedings of the7th Exploration and Pro-duction Research Conference,1995:11-13
21邓宏文,王红亮,宁宁.沉积体积分配原理---高分辨率层序地层学的理论基础[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):305-313[Deng Hong-wen,Wang Hongliang,Ning Ning.Sediment volume partition princi-ple:theory basis for high-resolution sequence stratigraphy[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(4):305-313]
22张世奇,任延广.松辽盆地中生代沉积基准面变化研究[J].长安大学学报(地球科学版),2003,25(2):1-5[Zhang Shiqi,Ren Yanguang.The study of base level changes of the Songliao Basin in Mesozoic[J].Journal of Chang'an University(Earth Science Edi-tion),2003,25(2):1-5]
23郭彦如.银额盆地查干断陷闭流湖盆层序的控制因素与形成机理[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):295-301[Guo Yanru.Controls and for-mation mechanism of the sequences in the Chagan fault-depressed stagnant lacustrine depression,Yine Basin[J].Acta Sedimentolgica Sinica,2004,22(2):295-301]
24Vail P R,Mitchum R M.Seismic stratigraghy and global changes in sea level from coastal onlap[C]∥Payton C E,ed.Seismic strati-graghy application to hydrocarbon exploration.AAPG,Memoir,1977,26:51-212
25余继峰,李增学.测井数据小波变换及其地质意义[J].中国矿业大学学报,2003,32(3):336-339[Yu Jifeng,Li Zengxue.Wavelet transform of logging data and its geological significance[J].Journal ofChina University of Mining&Technology,2003,32(3):336-339]
26王志坤,王多云,宋广寿,等.测井信号小波分析在高分辨率层序地层划分中的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2005,29(6):17-20[Wang Zhikun,Wang Duoyun,Song Guangshou,et al.Application of wavelet analysis to sequence stratigraphic division of high resolution sequence stratigraphy[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2005,29(6):17-20]
27郑希民,郭彦如,刘化清,等.应用自然伽玛测井曲线小波分析划分陆相坳陷盆地三级层序的方法:以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组为例[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):672-676[Zheng Ximing,Guo Yanru,Liu Huaqing,et al.The method of division third-degree suc-cession of strata by gamma ray logging wavelet analysis in stationary continental facies depression basin:taking Yanchang Formation of Or-dos Basin as an example[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(5):672-676]
28李相博,郭彦如,刘化清,等.浅谈小波分析在鄂尔多斯盆地延长组层序地层划分中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(6):779-782[Li Xiangbo,Guo Yanru,Liu Huaqing,et al.The application of wavelet analysis in sequence stratigraphic subdivision of the Yan-chang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(6):779-782]
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