疏松砂岩油藏注水开发声波速度的影响因素
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摘要
由于疏松砂岩声波纵、横波速度的影响因素较多,因此有必要对各影响因素进行定量研究。在模拟地层条件下直接对岩心进行饱和、驱替试验,建立不同的油、水饱和度,并在驱替过程中进行了纵、横波速度的连续测试。结果表明:水驱至含水饱和度极限时,岩心纵波速度平均增加7.4%左右,横波速度基本不变;在水驱过程中,由于岩石骨架发生变化,岩石变得疏松,致使岩心纵波速度降低3.1%左右,因此水驱至含水饱和度极限时,最终的岩心纵波速度只增加4.3%左右;对于注水效果好的稀油油藏,温度及压力对声波速度的影响较弱,但是对于地层能量补充不充分的区块及稠油油藏,温度及压力对声波速度的影响不能忽略。
Because there are many influential factors in experiment of acoustic velocity testing of unconsolidated sandstone,quantitative study is short of the influential factors.The core saturating and displacing experiments were done in the same core under the simulated reservoir conditions.Various water and oil saturation degree was established.And continuous measurements of compressional velocity and shear velocity were made in the course of displacing.The results show that the compressional velocity increases averagely about 7.4% because of the changing of saturation degree in the course of waterflood.Because of the changing of rock skeleton in the course of waterflood,compressional velocity decreases about 3.1%.The final compressional velocity increases about 4.3%,and shear velocity is unchangeable when water saturation degree changes.Temperature and pressure effects are weak to acoustic velocity for thin oil reservoir with efficient waterflood.But temperature and pressure effects must be considered for heavy oil reservoir and the block in which its producing energy cannot be compensated sufficiently.
Because there are many influential factors in experiment of acoustic velocity testing of unconsolidated sandstone,quantitative study is short of the influential factors.The core saturating and displacing experiments were done in the same core under the simulated reservoir conditions.Various water and oil saturation degree was established.And continuous measurements of compressional velocity and shear velocity were made in the course of displacing.The results show that the compressional velocity increases averagely about 7.4% because of the changing of saturation degree in the course of waterflood.Because of the changing of rock skeleton in the course of waterflood,compressional velocity decreases about 3.1%.The final compressional velocity increases about 4.3%,and shear velocity is unchangeable when water saturation degree changes.Temperature and pressure effects are weak to acoustic velocity for thin oil reservoir with efficient waterflood.But temperature and pressure effects must be considered for heavy oil reservoir and the block in which its producing energy cannot be compensated sufficiently.
引文
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[14]石玉梅,刘雯林,姚逢昌.用地震法监测水驱薄互层油藏剩余油的可行性研究[J].石油学报,2003,24(5):52-56.SHI Yu-mei,LIUWen-lin,YAO Feng-chang.Feasibil-ity of seismic monitoring for remaining oil in alternatethin-beds reservoir with water-flooding recovery[J].Ac-ta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(5):52-56.
[2]AVSETH.Combining rock physics and sedimentology forseimic reservoir characterization of North Sea turbiditesystems[D].Dalo Alto:Stanford University,2000.
[3]赵群.疏松砂岩储层物性参数敏感性物理模拟试验[J].石油学报,2006,27(4):93-96.ZHAO Qun.Physical modeling experiment on sensitivityof physical parameters of loose sandstone reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(4):93-96.
[4]王大伟,刘震,赵伟,等.利用时移地震资料划分油藏流体流动单元的可行性分析[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):592-597.WANG Da-wei,LIUZhen,ZHAO Wei,et al.Feasibilityanalysis on division of flow units using time lapse seismicdata[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(2):592-597.
[5]BATZLE M,WANG Z.Seismic properties of pore fluids[J].Geophysics,1992,57(11):1396-1408.
[6]WANG Z.Fundamentals of seismic rock physics[J].Geophysics,2001,66(2):398-412.
[7]SMITH Tad M,SONDERGELD Carl H,CHANDRA SR.Gassmann fluid substitutions:atutorial[J].Geophys-ics,2003,68(2):430-440.
[8]HAND,BATZLE M.Gassmann s equation and fluid-sat-uration effects on seismic velocities[J].Geophysics,2004,69(2):398-405.
[9]马中高,解吉高.岩石的纵横波速度与密度的规律研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):905-910.MA Zhong-gao,XIE Ji-gao.Relationship among com-pressional wave,shear wave velocities and density ofrocks[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):905-910.
[10]宋丽莉,葛洪魁,王宝善.疏松砂岩弹性波速的实验研究[J].测井技术,2004,28(6):487-491.SONG Li-li,GE Hong-kui,WANG Bao-shan.Experi-mental study of unconsolidated sandstone s elastic wavevelocities[J].Well Logging Technology,2004,28(6):487-491.
[11]云美厚,管志宁.油藏注水开发对储层岩石速度和密度的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):280-287.YUN Mei-hou,GUAN Zhi-ning.Effect of water flooddevelopment on velocity and density of reservoir rock[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(3):280-286.
[12]李生杰.岩性、孔隙及其流体变化对岩石弹性性质的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):760-764.LI Sheng-jie.Influence of lithology,porosity and varia-tion of pore fluid saturation on rock elastic property[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(6):760-764.
[13]刘丽娟,闫桂京,陈建文.流体对地震波速度的影响[J].海洋地质动态,2005,21(9):8-12.LIULi-juan,YANGui-jing,CHENJian-wen.Influenceof variation of fluid saturation on rock elastic property[J].Marine Geology Letter,2005,21(9):8-12.
[14]石玉梅,刘雯林,姚逢昌.用地震法监测水驱薄互层油藏剩余油的可行性研究[J].石油学报,2003,24(5):52-56.SHI Yu-mei,LIUWen-lin,YAO Feng-chang.Feasibil-ity of seismic monitoring for remaining oil in alternatethin-beds reservoir with water-flooding recovery[J].Ac-ta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(5):52-56.
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