爆破拆除高大建筑物产生的震动危害与减震方法
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摘要
论述了爆破拆除城市高大建筑物时产生的震动危害及我国目前预测爆破震动对建筑物破坏的安全判据,根据研究资料和几个典型的A级定向爆破工程地震动实测结果,总结了爆破拆除城市高大建筑物时地震动的特点:即高大建筑物倒塌触地产生的震动振速高、频率低、作用时间长,其危害大于爆破震动;爆破震动与天然地震的作用特点不同,不能按天然地震的烈度概念来分析处理。并探讨了减小单响爆震、分散释放爆炸能量、分段折叠倒塌、铺垫缓冲层、截波防震等减震方法的减震原理和具体方法。
Harm of blasting vibration in tower building demolition in city and safety criteria predicting building dectruction by blasting vibration have been discussed.On the basic of the data studying blasting vibration and the results of the vibration measured in the demolition of A level building,feature of seism vibration have been summed up.The vibration harm that is produced by tower building pushing ground is more serious than that being produced by blasting.That is,its velocity is higher,its frequency is lower and its actting time is longer.The characteristics of blasting vibration is defferent from that of natural shock.The effect of blasting vibration cann't be treated like natural shock.Relatively the principles and methods of reducing vibration are discussed,such as reducing single-shot firing dose,dispersing charge to reduce hypocentral energy,making building collapse with segmented and folded ways,covering the cushions and interceptioning vibration-wave for shock-proof.
Harm of blasting vibration in tower building demolition in city and safety criteria predicting building dectruction by blasting vibration have been discussed.On the basic of the data studying blasting vibration and the results of the vibration measured in the demolition of A level building,feature of seism vibration have been summed up.The vibration harm that is produced by tower building pushing ground is more serious than that being produced by blasting.That is,its velocity is higher,its frequency is lower and its actting time is longer.The characteristics of blasting vibration is defferent from that of natural shock.The effect of blasting vibration cann't be treated like natural shock.Relatively the principles and methods of reducing vibration are discussed,such as reducing single-shot firing dose,dispersing charge to reduce hypocentral energy,making building collapse with segmented and folded ways,covering the cushions and interceptioning vibration-wave for shock-proof.
引文
[1]吕淑然,杨军.高大建筑物定向爆破地震振动效应监测与控制研究[J].爆破,2003(3):71-74.
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[4]王文辉.武钢百米高烟囱拆除爆破振动测试与分析[J].爆破,1998(4):58-61.
[5]邹奕芳.预裂逢和减震槽减震效果的爆破试验研究[J].爆破,2005(2):96-99.
[6]陈志德,丁帮勤.43.5 m高厂房定向爆破拆除[J].爆破,2003(1):39-42.
[7]屈百经,王军.石油化工企业技术改造中的控制爆破[J].爆破,2005(3):120-124.
[8]刘满堂,陈庆寿.建筑结构对爆破地震的动力响应特性研究[J].爆破,2005(4):22-27.
[2]吴腾芳,王凯.微差爆破技术研究现状[J].爆破,1997(1):53-57.
[3]祝文化,朱瑞赓.复杂环境下的减震保护控制爆破实验研究[J].爆破,2001(3):70-72.
[4]王文辉.武钢百米高烟囱拆除爆破振动测试与分析[J].爆破,1998(4):58-61.
[5]邹奕芳.预裂逢和减震槽减震效果的爆破试验研究[J].爆破,2005(2):96-99.
[6]陈志德,丁帮勤.43.5 m高厂房定向爆破拆除[J].爆破,2003(1):39-42.
[7]屈百经,王军.石油化工企业技术改造中的控制爆破[J].爆破,2005(3):120-124.
[8]刘满堂,陈庆寿.建筑结构对爆破地震的动力响应特性研究[J].爆破,2005(4):22-27.
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