塔里木盆地志留系—泥盆系层序地层及有利储层分布
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摘要
应用地震、钻井、测井、野外露头等资料,在塔里木盆地志留系—泥盆系识别出了10个三级层序(Sq1~Sq10)及4个二级层序,其中Sq1、Sq4、Sq8和Sq10层序为Ⅰ型层序,其余为Ⅱ型层序。盆内Ⅰ型层序主要以滨岸—内陆棚沉积体系为特征,与典型的Ⅰ型层序相比,低位体系域缺失盆底扇、斜坡进积复合体等沉积体系;Ⅱ型层序主要以滨岸(潮坪)—陆棚沉积体系为特征。在志留纪早期,层序覆盖于起伏不平的剥蚀面之上,以填平补齐的充填沉积为主,中后期层序则发育在宽阔平坦的盆地内;在志留纪末—泥盆纪,盆地处于挤压状态,出现了大范围的隆起;在泥盆纪末期至早石炭世早期,又出现了一次新的海水侵入,发育了分布广泛的东河砂岩。这种层序格架明显不同于被动大陆边缘经典型的层序格架,它反映了稳定地块内坳陷性盆地的层序特点。Sq1、Sq4和Sq10层序的低位体系域是塔里木盆地志留系—泥盆系的3个有利勘探层位。
The seismic, drilling, well logging and outcrop data were used to recognize sequence stratigraphy of Silurian-Devonian systems Ten tertiary sequences and four secondary sequences were divided. The tertiary sequences of Sq1,Sq4,Sq8 and Sq10 belong to the type-Ⅰ sequence, while the others are the type-Ⅱ sequence. The type-Ⅰ sequence in the basin was characterized by the seashore-inter shelf deposition system. Comparison with the classical type-Ⅰ sequence, the lowstand system tract (LST) of the type-Ⅰ sequence in this basin was lack of the deposition systems such as basin floor fans and slope transgress complex system. The type-Ⅱ sequence was characterized by the main deposited systems such as the coastal (tidal flat) and shelf deposition. The sequences formed in the Early Silurian were generated on the uneven erosion surface. The main deposition filled the surface. During the Middle and Late Silurian, the sequences formed in the broad and even basin. During the end of the Silurian-Devonian period, the basin was in extrusion state and turned up a large-scale uplift. During the end of the Devonian and the early Carboniferous, sea water was invaded again, a new transgress overlap was turned up, and a set of Donghe sandstone was widespread. This kind of sequence framework is different from the classical one that derived from the passive continental margin and reflects the sequence characteristics of the depression basin in the stable platform. The lowstand system tracts of Sq1, Sq4 and Sq10 are the favorable exploratory sequences in the Silurian-Devonian systems of Tarim Basin.
The seismic, drilling, well logging and outcrop data were used to recognize sequence stratigraphy of Silurian-Devonian systems Ten tertiary sequences and four secondary sequences were divided. The tertiary sequences of Sq1,Sq4,Sq8 and Sq10 belong to the type-Ⅰ sequence, while the others are the type-Ⅱ sequence. The type-Ⅰ sequence in the basin was characterized by the seashore-inter shelf deposition system. Comparison with the classical type-Ⅰ sequence, the lowstand system tract (LST) of the type-Ⅰ sequence in this basin was lack of the deposition systems such as basin floor fans and slope transgress complex system. The type-Ⅱ sequence was characterized by the main deposited systems such as the coastal (tidal flat) and shelf deposition. The sequences formed in the Early Silurian were generated on the uneven erosion surface. The main deposition filled the surface. During the Middle and Late Silurian, the sequences formed in the broad and even basin. During the end of the Silurian-Devonian period, the basin was in extrusion state and turned up a large-scale uplift. During the end of the Devonian and the early Carboniferous, sea water was invaded again, a new transgress overlap was turned up, and a set of Donghe sandstone was widespread. This kind of sequence framework is different from the classical one that derived from the passive continental margin and reflects the sequence characteristics of the depression basin in the stable platform. The lowstand system tracts of Sq1, Sq4 and Sq10 are the favorable exploratory sequences in the Silurian-Devonian systems of Tarim Basin.
引文
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[2]李德生.中国含油气盆地构造学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:183-186.Li Desheng.Tectonics of petroliferous basin in China[M].Bei-jing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2002:183-186.
[3]吕雪雁,朱筱敏,申银民,等.塔里木盆地台盆区三叠系层序地层研究和有利勘探区预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(1):32-35.LXueyan,Zhu Xiaomin,Shen Yinmin,et al.The Triassic se-quence stratigraphy and the prediction of the favourable explora-tion targets in Tari m Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and De-velopment,2002,29(1):32-35.
[4]高岩,赵秀歧,张玮,等.塔里木盆地层序地层特征与非构造圈闭勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:11-61.Gao Yan,Zhao Xiuqi,Zhang Wei,et al.Sequence stratigraphy characters and non-tectonic traps exploration in Tari m Basin[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2003:11-61.
[5]朱筱敏,王贵文,谢庆宾.塔里木盆地志留系层序地层特征[J].古地理学报,2001,3(2):64-71.Zhu Xiaomin,Wang Gui wen,Xie Qingbin.Sequence stratigraphy of Silurianin Tari mBasin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2001,3(2):64-71.
[6]牟书令.中国石化西部新区勘探论文集[G].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:136-156.Mu Shuling.Sinopec west new area exploration collected papers[G].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2004:136-156.
[7]贾承造,魏国齐.“九五”期间塔里木构造研究成果概述[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):11-14.Jia Chengzao,Wei Guoqi.The summary of the achievements on the tectonic researches in Tari m Basin during the period of9th Five-Year Plan[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003,30(1):11-14.
[8]吴因业,顾家裕,王招明,等.塔里木盆地满西区块强制海退体系域沉积模式[J].石油学报,2003,24(4):21-25.Wu Yinye,Gu Jiayu,Wang Zhaoming,et al.The depositional model of Manxi block forcing regression systemtracts in Tari m Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(4):21-25.
[9]Brown L F Jr,Benson J M,Brink G J,et al.Sequence stratigra-phyin offshore South African divergent basins:An atlas on ex-ploration for Cretaceous lowstand traps by soekor(Pty)Ltd[G].AAPG Studies in Geology#41,1995:1-182.
[10]刘洛夫,赵建章,张水昌,等.塔里木盆地志留系沉积构造及沥青砂岩的特征[J].石油学报,2001,22(6):11-18.Liu Luofu,Zhao Jianzhang,Zhang Shuichang,et al.The deposi-tional and structural settings and the bituminous sandstone dis-tribution characters of the Silurian in Tari m Basin[J].Acta Pe-trolei Sinica,2001,22(6):11-18.
[11]赵靖舟,田军,廖涛,等.塔里木盆地哈得逊隆起的发现及其勘探意义[J].石油学报,2002,23(1):27-32.Zhao Jingzhou,Tian Jun,Liao Tao,et al.Discovery of Hadexun uplift in the Tari m Basin and its significance in oil exploration[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(1):27-32.
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