危岩稳定性断裂力学计算方法
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摘要
危岩是山区主要地质灾害,危岩破坏的本质是主控结构面在荷载作用下的断裂扩展。将主控结构面类比为宏观裂纹,运用断裂力学方法建立了主控结构面尖端断裂扩展方向岩石的联合断裂强度因子计算方法,其为第一类断裂强度因子和第二类断裂强度因子的函数,并结合危岩的断裂韧度,建立了危岩稳定性计算方法。进一步把滑塌式危岩、坠落式危岩和倾倒式危岩的破坏机理统一为压剪断裂及拉剪断裂,据此建立了第一类和第二类断裂强度因子的计算方法。实例分析表明,计算方法显示的危岩稳定状态更为客观、敏感。
Perilous rock is a type of geological disaster in mountainous areas. Research concerning perilous rock ruptures focuses on the expanding of control fissures in perilous rock under load action. Taking the control fissure in perilous rock as one crevice in a sample,a method employing fracture mechanics is established to calculate the union fracture strength factor along the rupture orientation at the terminus of a control fissure in perilous rock. The union fracture strength factor is a function of both the first-and second-type fracture strength factors. We define the ratio between the fracture tendency of rock and the union fracture strength factor as the stability coefficient of perilous rock. Further,it simplifies the rupture mechanism of sliding,falling,and toppling perilous rock as pressure-shear and tension-shear ruptures. We establish methods for calculating the first-and second-type fracture strength factors. The applications show that the stability status identified by the method is more reasonable and sensitive.
Perilous rock is a type of geological disaster in mountainous areas. Research concerning perilous rock ruptures focuses on the expanding of control fissures in perilous rock under load action. Taking the control fissure in perilous rock as one crevice in a sample,a method employing fracture mechanics is established to calculate the union fracture strength factor along the rupture orientation at the terminus of a control fissure in perilous rock. The union fracture strength factor is a function of both the first-and second-type fracture strength factors. We define the ratio between the fracture tendency of rock and the union fracture strength factor as the stability coefficient of perilous rock. Further,it simplifies the rupture mechanism of sliding,falling,and toppling perilous rock as pressure-shear and tension-shear ruptures. We establish methods for calculating the first-and second-type fracture strength factors. The applications show that the stability status identified by the method is more reasonable and sensitive.
引文
[1]陈洪凯,唐红梅,叶四桥,等.危岩防治原理[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.
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[5]CHEN H K,TANG H M,YE S Q.Research on damage model of control fissure in perilous rock[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2006,27(7):967-974.
[6]CHEN H K,TANG H M.Method to calculate fatigue fracture life of control fissure in perilous rock[J].Applied Mathematics and Mmchanics,2007,28(5):643-649.
[7]CHEN H K,TANG H M,ZHU H.Research on duration for perilous rock to form[J].Wseas Transactions on Applied and Theoretical Mechanics,2006,1(2):169-173.
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[9]谢全敏,夏元友.危岩块体稳定性的综合评价方法[J].岩土力学,2002,23(6):777-781.XIE QUAN-MING,XIA YUAN-YOU.Comprehensive assessment method of stability of critical rock-block mass and ots application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(6):777-781.
[10]陈洪凯,唐红梅,王蓉.三峡库区危岩稳定性计算方法及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4):614-619.CHEN HONG-KAI,TANG HONG-MEI,WANG RONG.Calculation method of stability for unstable rock and application to the three gorges reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(4),614-619.
[11]袁建新.岩体损伤问题[J].岩土力学,1993,14(1):1-31.YUANJAN-XIN.On rock mass damage[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1993,14(1):1-31.
[12]洪起超.工程断裂力学基础[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1987.
[13]匡震邦.裂纹端部场[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.
[14]中国航空研究院.应力强度因子手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1981.
[2]RICHARD J C,STANLEY A S,AD DAVID E S.Geomorphology[M].Cambridge:the University Press of Cambridge,1984.
[3]BERTRAN P.The rock-avalanche of february1995at claix(french alps)[J].Geomorphology,2003,54(3):339-346.
[4]BRAATHEN A,BLIKRA LH,AD SS KARLSEN.Rock-slope failure in norway:type,geometry,deformation mechanisms and stability[J].Norweigian Journal of Geology,2004,84:67-88.
[5]CHEN H K,TANG H M,YE S Q.Research on damage model of control fissure in perilous rock[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2006,27(7):967-974.
[6]CHEN H K,TANG H M.Method to calculate fatigue fracture life of control fissure in perilous rock[J].Applied Mathematics and Mmchanics,2007,28(5):643-649.
[7]CHEN H K,TANG H M,ZHU H.Research on duration for perilous rock to form[J].Wseas Transactions on Applied and Theoretical Mechanics,2006,1(2):169-173.
[8]孙云志.奉节李子垭危岩体稳定性研究[J].人民长江,1994,25(9):48-53.SUN YUN-ZHI.Study on stability for liziya dangerous rock[J].Yangtze River,1994,25(9):48-53.
[9]谢全敏,夏元友.危岩块体稳定性的综合评价方法[J].岩土力学,2002,23(6):777-781.XIE QUAN-MING,XIA YUAN-YOU.Comprehensive assessment method of stability of critical rock-block mass and ots application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2002,23(6):777-781.
[10]陈洪凯,唐红梅,王蓉.三峡库区危岩稳定性计算方法及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4):614-619.CHEN HONG-KAI,TANG HONG-MEI,WANG RONG.Calculation method of stability for unstable rock and application to the three gorges reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(4),614-619.
[11]袁建新.岩体损伤问题[J].岩土力学,1993,14(1):1-31.YUANJAN-XIN.On rock mass damage[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1993,14(1):1-31.
[12]洪起超.工程断裂力学基础[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1987.
[13]匡震邦.裂纹端部场[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.
[14]中国航空研究院.应力强度因子手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1981.
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