多波时移地震AVO反演研究
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摘要
数值模拟了油藏含油饱和度与有效压力变化时移地震AVO的响应,确定利用时移地震AVO区分油藏参数的变化、实现油藏定量解释的可行性.从Aki等AVO近似方程出发,详细推导了P_P波和P_S转换波时移地震AVO计算公式.结合岩石物理近似关系和本文推导的时移地震AVO计算公式,推导了利用多波时移地震AVO反演油藏含油饱和度和压力变化的方程.数据试验表明,文中推导的多波时移地震AVO方程能较好地反演油藏含油饱和度变化和有效压力变化,实现油藏定量解释.
The seismic responses caused by different reservoir parameter variations are numerically simulated, and then the feasibility of discriminating different reservoir parameters and realizing quantitative interpretation using the time_lapse seismic AVO technique is determined. Based on Aki and Richards' simplified AVO equation, the formula of P_P wave and P_S wave for time_lapse seismic AVO is derived in detail. According to the rock physical model and the formula acquired, the multiple time_lapse seismic AVO inversion equations are achieved to discriminate the changes of oil saturation and effective pressure. The simulated data experiment shows that the time_lapse seismic AVO inversion is feasible, and the formula derived in this paper is effective to discriminate changes of oil saturation and effective pressure, and to improve the precision of time-lapse seismic interpretation.
The seismic responses caused by different reservoir parameter variations are numerically simulated, and then the feasibility of discriminating different reservoir parameters and realizing quantitative interpretation using the time_lapse seismic AVO technique is determined. Based on Aki and Richards' simplified AVO equation, the formula of P_P wave and P_S wave for time_lapse seismic AVO is derived in detail. According to the rock physical model and the formula acquired, the multiple time_lapse seismic AVO inversion equations are achieved to discriminate the changes of oil saturation and effective pressure. The simulated data experiment shows that the time_lapse seismic AVO inversion is feasible, and the formula derived in this paper is effective to discriminate changes of oil saturation and effective pressure, and to improve the precision of time-lapse seismic interpretation.
引文
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[2]YingZ,LaurenceR.Time_lapsewellloganalysis,fluidsubstitution andAVO.SEGInternationalExpositionand72ndAnnualMeeting,2002
[3]AkiKI,RichardsPG.QuantitativeSeismology.NewYork:W.H.FreemanandCo.,1980.226～308
[4]ShueyRT.AsimplificationoftheZoeppritz_equations.Geophysics,1985,50(3):609～614
[5]郑晓东.AVO正演方法及其应用.石油地球物理勘探.1991,26(6):766～776ZhengXD.ForwardAVOmethodanditsapplication.Oil GeophysicalProspecting(inChinese),1991,26(6):766～776
[6]郑晓东.Zoeppritz方程的近似及其应用.石油地球物理勘探,1991,26(2):129～144ZhengXD.ApproximationofZoeppritzequationanditsapplication.OilGeophysicalProspecting(inChinese),1991,26(2):129～144
[7]LandroM.Discriminationbetweenpressureandfluidsaturation changesfromtime_lapseseismicdata.Geophysics,2001,66(3):836～844
[8]王光杰,陈 云,赵爱华.多波多分量地震探测技术.地球物理学进展,2000,15(1):54～60WangGJ,ChenY,ZhaoAH.Multi_componentseismic exploration.ProgressinGeophysics(inChinese),2000,15(1):54～60
[9]杨德义,彭苏萍.多分量地震勘探技术的现状及进展.中国煤田地质,2003,15(1):51～54YangDY,PengSP.Statusandprogressonthemulticomponent seismicprospectingtechnology.CoalGeologyofChina(in Chinese),2003,15(1):51～54
[10]马在田.P_SV反射波的倾角时差校正(DMO)方法研究.地球物理学报,1996,39(2):243～250MaZT.DMOforP SVconvertedreflection.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),1996,39(2):243～250
[11]刘 洋,李承楚,牟永光.双向横向各向同性介质分界面上弹性波反射与透射问题研究.地球物理学报,2000,43(5):691～698LiuY,LiCC,MouYG.Reflectionandtransmissionofplanewave onaninterfacebetweendissimilartwo_phase,transverselyisotropic media.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),2000,43(5):691～698
[12]顾汉明,王家映,朱光明.频率-波数域递推计算海底多分量地震记录中的反射系数.地球物理学报,2002,45(2):255～262GuHM,WangJY,ZhuGM.Calculationofreflectioncoefficient infrequency_wave_numberdomainusingsea_floorseismicmulti_componentdata.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),2002,45(2):255～262
[13]赵爱华,张中杰.三维复杂介质中转换波走时快速计算.地球物理学报,2004,47(4):702～707ZhaoAH,ZhangZJ.Fastcalculationofconvertedwavetraveltime in3_Dcomplexmedia.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),2004,47(4):702～707
[14]刘 洋,董敏煜.各向异性介质中的方位AVO.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(3):260～268LiuY,DongMY.AzimuthalAVOinanisotropicmedium.Oil GeophysicalProspecting(inChinese),1999,34(3):260～268
[15]张广娟,胡天跃.地震波AVO与地层岩性分析.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(6):578～584ZhangGJ,HuTY.SeismicwaveAVOandformationlithology analysis.OilGeophysicalProspecting(inChinese),2002,37(6):578～584
[16]孙鹏远,孙建国,卢秀丽.P_SV波AVO方法研究进展.地球物理学进展,2003,18(4):602～607SunPY,SunJG,LuXL.Progressinresearchonthemethodof P SVwaveAVO.ProgressinGeophysics(inChinese),2003,18(4):602～607
[17]DvorkinJ,NurA.Elasticityofhigh_porositysandstones:Theoryfor twoNorthSeadatasets.Geophysics,1996,61(5):1363～1370
[18]TelfordWM,GeldartLP,SheriffRE.AppliedGeophysics(SecondEdition).NewYork:CambridgeUniversityPress,1990.155～156
[19]GassmannF.Elasticwavesthroughapackingofspheres.Geophysics,1951,16(5):673～685
[20]ChavesteA.Riskreductioninestimationofpetrophysicalproperties fromseismicdatathroughandwell_logmodeling,seismicmodeling,androckpropertiesestimation.TheLeadingEdge,2003,22(5):406～418
[21]顾汉明,江 涛.改进快速模拟退火方法进行AVO岩性参数反演.地球科学,1999,24(4):418～422GuHM,JiangT.Improvementoffastsimulationannealing algorithmanditsapplicationoninversionofAVOlithological parameters.EarthScience(inChinese),1999,24(4):418～422
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