凝聚态爆炸危险源外壳对爆炸冲击波影响的研究
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摘要
容器中或储罐凝聚态化学危险品爆炸事故时有发生,容器或储罐壁的厚度对事故后果是否有影响,有什么影响,笔者利用非线性动力学有限元程序ANSYS/LS-DYNA,通过数值计算,研究了开阔空间带壳凝聚态爆炸危险源在空气中爆炸时,外壳厚度对爆炸应力波强度的影响。研究结果表明:易爆危险源壳体厚度的变化对爆炸冲击波的传播特性有显著影响。带壳易爆危险源爆炸作用场中的应力波峰值随距离的衰减指数与易爆危险源壳体厚度成线性关系,壳体越厚,衰减指数越大,应力波峰值随距离衰减越快。该结果为预测凝聚态易爆危险源爆炸事故后果,制定应急预案提供了科学依据。
Serious explosion accident caused by dangerous chemicals in container or tank happens frequently.Whether and what the crust thickness of the container or tank would exert any impact on the consequence of the explosion are still not clear.Numerical calculation with the software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is conducted to analyze the impact of the crust thickness on the intensity of explosion waves in an open space.The result indicates that the crust thickness shows significant impact on the propagation characteristics of the explosion shock wave.The attenuation index of the stress wave crest of cohesive explosion correlated linearly with the crust thickness.The thicker the crust,the bigger would be the attenuation index,and the stress wave crest correlatively attenuates with the distance.The results provide a criterion for predicting the accident consequence and setting the emergency response preparedness.
Serious explosion accident caused by dangerous chemicals in container or tank happens frequently.Whether and what the crust thickness of the container or tank would exert any impact on the consequence of the explosion are still not clear.Numerical calculation with the software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is conducted to analyze the impact of the crust thickness on the intensity of explosion waves in an open space.The result indicates that the crust thickness shows significant impact on the propagation characteristics of the explosion shock wave.The attenuation index of the stress wave crest of cohesive explosion correlated linearly with the crust thickness.The thicker the crust,the bigger would be the attenuation index,and the stress wave crest correlatively attenuates with the distance.The results provide a criterion for predicting the accident consequence and setting the emergency response preparedness.
引文
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[2]Petr Vilem,Mustoe Graham W.,Orgeron Keith J.Rozgonyi,Tibor G.Experimental and Numerical Studiesof Transient Shock Wave Propagation in a Geomedium[A].Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Explo-sives and Blasting Technique[C],v II,2002:77~89
[3]Cho Sang Ho,Miyake Hidekazu,Kimura Tetsu,Kaneko Katsuhiko.Effect of the Waveform of AppliedPressure on Rock Fracture Process in one Free-face Model[J].Science and Technology of Energetic Materi-als,2003,64(3):116~125
[4]Vanbrabant,Frederic Chacon,Enrique P.;Quinones,Luis A.P and S Mach.Waves Generated by the Deto-nation of a Cylindrical Explosive Charge-Experiments and Simulations[J].Fragblast,2002,6(1):21~35
[5]Nakayama,Yoshio(AIST);Matsumura,Tomoharu;Iida,Mitsuaki;Yoshida,Masatake Propagation ofBlast Waves Initiated by a Solid Explosive in a Cylinder Source[J].Journal of the Japan Explosives Soci-ety,2001,62(5):244~255
[6]Vovk A A,Kuzmenko A A.Seismic Action of the Cylindrical Charge Explosion[J].International Journal ofFluid Mechanics Research,2003,30(1):109~122
[7]Zhang Qi,Miao Changqing,Lin Dacao,Bai Chunhua.Relation of Fragment with Air Shock Wave Intensityfor Explosion in a Shell[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2003,28(10):1 129~1 141
[8]初哲,周刚,韩娟妮等.模拟钻地弹的设计与实验研究[J].高压物理学报,2003,17(1):69~74
[9]赵巨岩.炸药装药地下爆炸地震波传播规律研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2005
[10]赵海鸥.LS-DYNA动力分析指南[M].北京:兵器工业出版社.2003.9
[11]北京理工大学ANSYS/LS-DYNA技术支持中心.ANSYS/LS-DYNA算法基础和使用方法[Z],1999
[12]王飞.整体型两次引爆FAE战斗部技术研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2005
[13]G E Duvall.Equitions of State of Liquids and Calculations of Waste Heat[A].AD-A802180[C],Nov.6,1996
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