地震资料的高阶伪希尔伯特变换边缘检测
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摘要
构造了一种用于边缘检测的高阶伪希尔伯特变换,它吸收了时频分析的局部化特性和传统希尔伯特变换的思想,调节其时窗宽度和阶数可以实现不同的输出.信号模型及实际图像的处理结果表明,高阶伪希尔伯特变换能提取出各种类型的边缘信息,边缘表达完整、定位准确.利用这一方法对实际地震资料进行了处理,它能突出地震资料的奇异信息.可用于描绘地层精细结构,地层的识别和追踪,裂缝、河道和断层的检测.
A high-order pseudo Hilbert transform(HOPHT) which can be applied to edge detection is presented in the paper.HOPHT combines the localization property of time-frequency analysis and the idea of traditional Hilbert transform(HT).Its output depends on adjustment of the width of window function and the order.The simulation of the synthetic signal model and real image processing demonstrate that HOPHT can extract information of various edges.The extracted edges are accurate and integrated.HOPHT is applied to real seismic data processing.The results show that it can highlight singular information of seismic data.It can be applied to delineating the fine structure of strata,the layer recognition and detecting fractures,channels and faults.
A high-order pseudo Hilbert transform(HOPHT) which can be applied to edge detection is presented in the paper.HOPHT combines the localization property of time-frequency analysis and the idea of traditional Hilbert transform(HT).Its output depends on adjustment of the width of window function and the order.The simulation of the synthetic signal model and real image processing demonstrate that HOPHT can extract information of various edges.The extracted edges are accurate and integrated.HOPHT is applied to real seismic data processing.The results show that it can highlight singular information of seismic data.It can be applied to delineating the fine structure of strata,the layer recognition and detecting fractures,channels and faults.
引文
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[15]肖高杰,杨长春,范兴斌,等.谱分解技术在W区河道识别中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):568~572.Xiao G J,Yang C C,Fan X B,et al.Application of spectraldecomposition method in channel identifying at W area[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(2):568~572.
[16]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华.频谱成像技术研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1517~1521.Lu P F,Yang C C,Guo A H.The present research on fre-quency-spectrum imaging technique[J].Progress in Geophys-ics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1517~1521.
[17]陈雨红,杨长春,曹齐放,等.几种时频分析方法比较[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1180~1185.Chen Y H,Yang C C,Cao Q F,et al.The comparison ofsome time-frequency analysis methods[J].Progress in Geo-physics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1180~1185.
[18]陈学华.时频分布与地震信号谱分析研究[D].成都:成都理工大学信息工程学院,2006.Chen X H.Time-Frequency Distribution and Investigation inSpectral Analysis of Seismic Signal[D].Chengdu:ChengduUniversity of Technology,2006
[19]张贤达,保铮.非平稳信号分析与处理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1998,20~25.Zhang X D,Bao Z.Non-stationary signal analysis and pro-cessing[M].Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,1998,20~25.
[2]Livadas G M,Constantinides A G.Image edge detection andsegmentation based on the Hilbert transform[C].IEEE Inter-national Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Process-ing.New York:IEEE,1988,1152~1155.
[3]Kohlmann K.Corner detection in natural images based on the2-D Hilbert transform[J].Signal Processing,1996,48(3):225~234.
[4]Mallat S.信号处理的小波导引(英文版.第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.Mallat S.A Wavelet Tour of Signal Processing(Second Edi-tion)[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2002.
[5]宁津生,汪海洪,罗志才.基于多尺度边缘约束的重力场信号的向下延拓[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):63~68.Ning J S,Wang H H,Luo Z C.Downward continuation ofgravity signals based on the multiscale edge constraint[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,48(1):63~68.
[6]孙夕平,杜世通.边缘检测技术在河道和储层小断裂成像中的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):469~472.Sun X P,Du S T.Using edge detection technique to imagechannels and minor faults[J].Geophysical Prospecting For Pe-troleum(in Chinese),2003,42(4):469~472.
[7]Pei S C,Yeh M H.Discrete fractional hilbert transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems—II:Analog andDigital Signal Processing,2000,47(11):1307~1311.
[8]Tseng C C,Pei S C.Design and application of discrete-timefractional hilbert transformer[J].IEEE Transactions on Cir-cuits and Systems—II:Analog and Digital Signal Processing,2000,47(12):1529~1533.
[9]Luo Y,Saleh A,Marhoon M,et al.Generalized Hilberttransform and its applications in geophysics[J].The LeadingEdge,2003,22(3):198~202.
[10]周挚,山秀明,张立,等.基于HHT提取昆明、下关重力固体潮的地震前兆信息[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):836~844.Zhuo Z,Shan X M,Zhang L,et al.The gravity tide of Kun-ming and Xiaguan based on the HHT[J].Chinese JournalGeophysics(in Chinese),2008,51(3):836~844.
[11]汤井田,化希瑞,曹哲民,等.Hilbert-Huang变换与大地电磁噪声压制[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):603~610.Tang J T,Hua X R,Cao Z M,et al.Hilbert-Huang trans-formation and noise suppression of magnetotelluric soundingdata[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,51(2):603~610.
[12]王祝文,刘菁华,聂春燕.Hilbert-Huang变换在提取阵列声波信号动力特性中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):450~455.Wang Z W,Liu J H,Nie C Y.Application of Hilbert-Huangtransform in extracting dynamic properties of array acousticsignals[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(2):450~455.
[13]闫述,陈明生.瞬变电磁场资料的联合时-频分析解释[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(1):203~208.Yan S,Chen M S.Interpretation of transient electromagneticfield data using joint time-frequency analysis[J].ChineseJournal Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,48(1):203~208
[14]吴招才,刘天佑.地震数据去噪中的小波方法[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):493~499.Wu Z C,Liu T Y.Wavelet transform methods in seismic da-ta noise attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chi-nese),2008,23(2):493~499.
[15]肖高杰,杨长春,范兴斌,等.谱分解技术在W区河道识别中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):568~572.Xiao G J,Yang C C,Fan X B,et al.Application of spectraldecomposition method in channel identifying at W area[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(2):568~572.
[16]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华.频谱成像技术研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1517~1521.Lu P F,Yang C C,Guo A H.The present research on fre-quency-spectrum imaging technique[J].Progress in Geophys-ics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1517~1521.
[17]陈雨红,杨长春,曹齐放,等.几种时频分析方法比较[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1180~1185.Chen Y H,Yang C C,Cao Q F,et al.The comparison ofsome time-frequency analysis methods[J].Progress in Geo-physics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1180~1185.
[18]陈学华.时频分布与地震信号谱分析研究[D].成都:成都理工大学信息工程学院,2006.Chen X H.Time-Frequency Distribution and Investigation inSpectral Analysis of Seismic Signal[D].Chengdu:ChengduUniversity of Technology,2006
[19]张贤达,保铮.非平稳信号分析与处理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1998,20~25.Zhang X D,Bao Z.Non-stationary signal analysis and pro-cessing[M].Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,1998,20~25.
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