汶川地震同震形变的静态和动态分析
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摘要
汶川8.0级地震的同震形变在郫县、绵阳、中江和成都等GPS测站的水平形变分别达70 cm、31 cm、23cm、20 cm,变形方向约N45°W,垂直于断裂带方向,且成都平原呈下降趋势。动态GPS数据处理结果显示,地震的动态变形在郫县达1 m。根据四川GPS网络参考站各站记录的汶川地震的确切发震时间,反算得到了汶川地区S波的平均传播波速。
Before and after the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake on 12th May 2008,the coseismic deformation changes greatly,the horizontal deformation at PIXI,MYAN,ZHJI and CHDU GPS stations reached 70 cm,31 cm,23 cm,20 cm respectively.The most deformations are towards northwest 45°,nearly the orthogonal direction of the fault,and the right region,i.e.Chengdu plain of the fault appears downward.The results of kinematic GPS data processing show that the maximum deformation of PIXI reached about 1 m during the earthquake.At last,on the basis of the region time recorded at the stations of the Sichuan GPS network,the average S wave velocities from Wenchuan to all the GPS stations of the network are computed.
Before and after the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake on 12th May 2008,the coseismic deformation changes greatly,the horizontal deformation at PIXI,MYAN,ZHJI and CHDU GPS stations reached 70 cm,31 cm,23 cm,20 cm respectively.The most deformations are towards northwest 45°,nearly the orthogonal direction of the fault,and the right region,i.e.Chengdu plain of the fault appears downward.The results of kinematic GPS data processing show that the maximum deformation of PIXI reached about 1 m during the earthquake.At last,on the basis of the region time recorded at the stations of the Sichuan GPS network,the average S wave velocities from Wenchuan to all the GPS stations of the network are computed.
引文
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2焦青,等.汶川8.0级地震前后龙门山断裂活动特征浅析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,(4):7-11.(JiaoQing,et al.Preliminary study on motion charateristics ofLongmenshan fault before and after WenchuanMs8.0 earth-quake[J].Jounal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008,(4):7-11)
3徐朝繁,等.龙门山及其邻近地区深部地球物理探测[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,(6):31-37.(Xu Zhao-fan,et al.Deep geophysical exploration of Longmenshan andits adjacent aera[J].Jounal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008,(6):31-37)
4唐文清,等.龙门山断裂构造带GPS研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,(3):57-59.(Tang Wenqing,et al.GPS study on Longmenshan fault zone[J].Journal of Geode-sy and Geodynamics,2004,(3):57-59)
5任金卫,王敏.GPS观测的2001年昆仑山口西Ms8.1级地震地壳形变[J].第四纪研究,2005,(1):34-44.(Ren Jinwei and Wang Min.GPS measured crustal deforma-tion of the KunlunMs8.1 earthquake on November 14th2001 in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Quaternary Sciences,2005,(1):34-44)(下转第54页)
6国家重大科学工程“中国地壳运动观测网络”项目组.GPS测定的2008年汶川Ms8.0地震的同震位移场[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(10):1 195-1 206.(State key scientific project team of“Observation Network ofCrustal Movement in China”.Coseismic displacement fieldof theMs8.0 Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 determined byGPS[J].Science in China(Series D:Earth Science),2008,38(10):1 195-1 206)
7顾国华,王武星.GPS测得的汶川大地震同震位移[J].地震,2009,(1):92-99.(Gu Guohua and Wang Wuxing.Coseismic displacements from the 2008 WenchuanM8.0earthquake observed by GPS[J].Earthquake,2009,(1):92-99)
8 Xiong Yongliang,et al.Kinematic crustal deformation fea-tures of Wenchuan earthquake obitained by GPS[A].Pro-ceedings of SPIE[C].(7471),2009.
9侯贺晟,江在森.基于GPS观测的昆仑山8.1级地震微动态变形研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,(3):9-13.(Hou Hesheng and Jiang Zaisen.On micro-dynamic de-formation informations obtained from GPS observations duringKunlun mountain Ms8.1 earthquake in 2001[J].Jounal ofGeodesy and Geodynamics,2008,(3):9-13)
10吴云,等.GPS揭示的现今地壳运动与地震前兆特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,(3):14-20.(WuYun,et al.Characteristics of current crust movement andseimic precursors revealed by GPSsurvey[J].Jounal of Ge-odesy and Geodynamics,2003,(3):14-20)
11谭凯,王琪,申重阳.用大地测量数据反演2001年昆仑山地震[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,(3):47-50.(Tan Kai,Wang Qi and Shen Zhongyang.Using geodeticdata to inverse coseimic dislocation of 2001 Kunlun earth-quake[J].Jounal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2004,(3):47-50)
12黄立人,等.关于NEU(NEU)坐标系统[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(1):97-99.(Huang Liren,GaoYanlong and Ren Lisheng.On NEUcoordinate system[J].Jounal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,(1):97-99)
13黄丁发,熊永良,袁林果.全球定位系统(GPS)理论与实践[M].成都:西南交大出版社,2006.(Huang Dingfa,Xiong Yiongliang and Yuan Linguo.Global positioning sys-tems(GPS)theory and practice[M].Chengdu:SouthwestJiaotong University Press,2006.)
14 G Hu,et al.An approach for instantaneous ambiguity reso-lution for medium-to long-range multiple reference stationnetworks[J].GPS Solut.,2005,9(1):1-11.
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