三维频率-波数域视速度去噪方法
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摘要
利用地震剖面的时间-空间坐标与其三维傅里叶变换之间的对应关系,在频率-波数域进行三维去噪,并通过余弦函数加权衰减避免吉普斯截断效应,形成三维频率-波数域视速度去噪方法。应用结果表明:所提方法能较好地区分有效信息和干扰信息,当有效信息和干扰信息的视速度十分接近时,在去除干扰信息的同时能较好地保留有效信息;对于信噪比一般和信噪比极低的资料,需要采取不同的去噪步骤;三维去噪能极大地提高信噪比,较好地实现保真和保幅,具有二维去噪无法比拟的优越性。
A 3-D denoising method was put forward.The noise through visual speed in 3-D frequency-wavenumber domain is removed utilizing the corresponding relationship between the time-spatial coordinates and Fourier transformation.The Gibbs effect is avoided by weighting and attenuating the cosine function.The results show that the denoising method can effectively distinguish valid information from interfering information.When the visual speed of the valid information and interfering information are very close,the valid information can be properly retained while removing the interfering information.Different denoising steps will be used when the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data is general or very low.The denoising method is used in actual seismic data processing.It can promote signal-to-noise ratio greatly,and achieve good effect in keeping authenticity and extent.3-D denoising method has many advantages compared with 2-D denoising method.
A 3-D denoising method was put forward.The noise through visual speed in 3-D frequency-wavenumber domain is removed utilizing the corresponding relationship between the time-spatial coordinates and Fourier transformation.The Gibbs effect is avoided by weighting and attenuating the cosine function.The results show that the denoising method can effectively distinguish valid information from interfering information.When the visual speed of the valid information and interfering information are very close,the valid information can be properly retained while removing the interfering information.Different denoising steps will be used when the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data is general or very low.The denoising method is used in actual seismic data processing.It can promote signal-to-noise ratio greatly,and achieve good effect in keeping authenticity and extent.3-D denoising method has many advantages compared with 2-D denoising method.
引文
[1]张孝珍,董汉强,侯国文,等.地震勘探中的去噪技术新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(3):172-178.ZHANG Xiao-zhen,DONG Han-qiang,HOU Guo-wen,et al.Advances in denoising technology in seismic explo-ration[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2009,32(3):172-178.
[2]张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法技术综合评述[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):546-553.ZHANG Jun-hua,L Ning,TIAN Lian-yu,et al.An o-verview of the methods and techniques for seismic datanoise attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(2):546-553.
[3]CHERKASSKY V,MA Yunqian.Practical selection ofSVM parameters and noise estimation for SVMregression[J].Neural Networks,2004,17:113-126.
[4]康冶,于承业,贾卧,等.f-x域去噪方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):136-138.KANG Ye,YU Cheng-ye,JIA Wo,et al.A study onnoise-suppression method in f-x domain[J].Oil Geophys-ical Prospecting,2003,38(2):136-138.
[5]LI Qing,WANG Run-qiu,HUANG Wen-feng,et al.Method for morphological filtering in seismic data pro-cessing[J].Petroleum Science,2005,2(4):20-29
[6]肖红兵,杨锦舟,鞠晓东,等.V系统在随钻声波测井数据降噪中的应用[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(2):58-62.XIAO Hong-bing,YANG Jin-zhou,JUXiao-dong,et al.Application of V-system in acoustic logging while drillingdata denoising[J].Jounrnal of China University of Petro-leum(Edition of Natural Science),2009,33(2):58-62.
[7]张恒磊,张云翠,宋双,等.基于Curvelet域的叠前地震资料去噪方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(5):508-513.ZHANG Heng-lei,ZHANG Yun-cui,SONG Shuang,etal.Curvelet domain-based prestack seismic data denoisemethod[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(5):508-513
[8]AN Yong,WEI Li-chun,YANG Chang-chun.The mos-thomogeneous dip-scanning method using edge-preservingsmoothing for seismic noise attenuation[J].Apply Geo-physics,2006,3(4):210-217.
[9]焦叙明,刘怀山,童思友.广义S变换在叠前地震资料去噪中的应用[J].中国海洋大学学报,2007,37(增刊Ⅱ):177-180,126.JIAO Xu-ming,LIU Huai-shan,TONG Si-you.Applica-tion of generalized transform for pre-stack seismic data de-noising[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2007,37(supⅡ):177-180,126.
[10]安勇,杨长春.一种改进的频率-波数域倾角扫描去噪方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):210-212.AN Yong,YANG Chang-chun.An improved dip-scan-ning method for denoise in frequency-wavenumber do-main[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(2):210-212.
[11]HERRMANN F J.Curvelet-domain matched filtering[C].Expanded Abstracts of 78th Annual InternationalSEG Meeting,2008:3643-3649.
[2]张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法技术综合评述[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):546-553.ZHANG Jun-hua,L Ning,TIAN Lian-yu,et al.An o-verview of the methods and techniques for seismic datanoise attenuation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(2):546-553.
[3]CHERKASSKY V,MA Yunqian.Practical selection ofSVM parameters and noise estimation for SVMregression[J].Neural Networks,2004,17:113-126.
[4]康冶,于承业,贾卧,等.f-x域去噪方法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):136-138.KANG Ye,YU Cheng-ye,JIA Wo,et al.A study onnoise-suppression method in f-x domain[J].Oil Geophys-ical Prospecting,2003,38(2):136-138.
[5]LI Qing,WANG Run-qiu,HUANG Wen-feng,et al.Method for morphological filtering in seismic data pro-cessing[J].Petroleum Science,2005,2(4):20-29
[6]肖红兵,杨锦舟,鞠晓东,等.V系统在随钻声波测井数据降噪中的应用[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(2):58-62.XIAO Hong-bing,YANG Jin-zhou,JUXiao-dong,et al.Application of V-system in acoustic logging while drillingdata denoising[J].Jounrnal of China University of Petro-leum(Edition of Natural Science),2009,33(2):58-62.
[7]张恒磊,张云翠,宋双,等.基于Curvelet域的叠前地震资料去噪方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(5):508-513.ZHANG Heng-lei,ZHANG Yun-cui,SONG Shuang,etal.Curvelet domain-based prestack seismic data denoisemethod[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(5):508-513
[8]AN Yong,WEI Li-chun,YANG Chang-chun.The mos-thomogeneous dip-scanning method using edge-preservingsmoothing for seismic noise attenuation[J].Apply Geo-physics,2006,3(4):210-217.
[9]焦叙明,刘怀山,童思友.广义S变换在叠前地震资料去噪中的应用[J].中国海洋大学学报,2007,37(增刊Ⅱ):177-180,126.JIAO Xu-ming,LIU Huai-shan,TONG Si-you.Applica-tion of generalized transform for pre-stack seismic data de-noising[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2007,37(supⅡ):177-180,126.
[10]安勇,杨长春.一种改进的频率-波数域倾角扫描去噪方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):210-212.AN Yong,YANG Chang-chun.An improved dip-scan-ning method for denoise in frequency-wavenumber do-main[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(2):210-212.
[11]HERRMANN F J.Curvelet-domain matched filtering[C].Expanded Abstracts of 78th Annual InternationalSEG Meeting,2008:3643-3649.
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