基于GPS观测的Baja California地震地壳变形分析
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摘要
2010-04-04墨西哥Baja California(32.259°N,115.287°W)Ms 7.2级地震发生在GPS连续观测站及钻孔应变仪相当密集的区域,利用GPS监测数据计算出了若干站点地震前后的位移量。地壳变形分析结果表明,离震中近的观测站变形量普遍较大,最大可达0.2m,大部分观测站明显向东南方向运动。通过选择较稳定的观测站作为参考站,计算了4观测站的动态变形序列,同时得到地震波的传播速度为3.2km/s,与应变观测计算结果比较吻合。
A magnitude 7.2 earthquake occurred on April 4,2010,in the upper Baja California peninsula of Mexico.The earthquake occurred in an area with dense GPS and borehole strainmeter observations stations.As GPS is capable of representing displacements occurring over a range of temporal and spatial scales,the displacements of several stations using the data before and after the earthquake are calculated,the results show that the stations close to epicenter is of great displacements which can up to 0.2m and most stations move towards southeast.Besides,the kinematic deformation series of several stations were obtained when a stable station was used as a reference station;it's shown that seismic waves can be derived from GPS observations,which is in very good agreement with borehole strainmeter observation.
A magnitude 7.2 earthquake occurred on April 4,2010,in the upper Baja California peninsula of Mexico.The earthquake occurred in an area with dense GPS and borehole strainmeter observations stations.As GPS is capable of representing displacements occurring over a range of temporal and spatial scales,the displacements of several stations using the data before and after the earthquake are calculated,the results show that the stations close to epicenter is of great displacements which can up to 0.2m and most stations move towards southeast.Besides,the kinematic deformation series of several stations were obtained when a stable station was used as a reference station;it's shown that seismic waves can be derived from GPS observations,which is in very good agreement with borehole strainmeter observation.
引文
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[2]Ohta Y,Meilano I,Sagiya T,et al.Large SurfaceWave of the 2004Sumatra-Andaman EarthquakeCaptured by the Very Long Baseline KinematicAnalysis of 1 Hz GPS Data[J].Earth PlanetsSpace,2006(58):153-157
[3]Bilich A,Cassidy J F,Larson K M.GPSSeismology:Application to the 2002 Mw 7.9Denali Fault Earthquakes[J].Bulletin of theSeismological Society of America,2008,98(2):593-606
[4]Emore G L,Haase J S,Choi K,et al.RecoveringSeismic Displacements Through Combined Use of1Hz GPS and Strong-Motion Accelerometers[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2007,97(2):357-378
[5]邱泽华,石耀霖.国外钻孔应变观测的发展现状[J].地震学报,2004(11):162-168
[6]Hodgkinson K,Anderson G,Hasting M,et al.PBO Strainmeters:Distribution,Design and DataProducts[C].American Geophysical Union,FallMeeting,USA,2004
[7]熊永良,黄丁发,徐韶光,等.长距离动态GPS数据处理方法与汶川地震引起的动态地壳形变特征分析[J].武汉大学学报.信息科学版,2010,35(3):265-269
[8]Chen G.GPS Kinematics Positioning for theAirborne Laser Alti-metry at Long Valley[R].Mass Inst of Technol,Cambridge,1998
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