旅游与灾害规划——以四川汶川“5.12”地震灾后旅游恢复重建规划为例
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摘要
文章首先对近年来的旅游与灾害规划进行了梳理,展现了灾害规划与旅游规划融合发展的现状,指出旅游发展中关注灾害规划策略的重要性;接着文章以四川"5.12"汶川地震灾后旅游恢复重建规划为例,结合笔者参与此次规划的实践经历,论述了规划的编制过程、内容框架,以及关于范围时限、损失评估、项目选择、资金配置等争论的焦点问题;最后文章探讨了此次规划为非常规性旅游规划编制在框架体系、理论基础、应急救援体系等方面所做出的开创性贡献。
At first,this paper makes a review on the literature about the tourism and disaster planning in recent years;shows the instance that disaster planning and tourism planning make the integration of development,and points out the importance concerning the disaster planning strategies in tourism development.Then,it makes for an example with the post-disaster restoration and reconstruction of tourism planning on Sichuan "5.12" Wenchuan earthquake,combining with the author's practice experience,and discusses the planning process,the contents of the framework,as well as the focal point problems such as time and scope limit,damage assessment,project selection,funding allocation.Finally,The paper discusses this planning makes pioneering contributions for non-conventional tourism planning in the framework,the theoretical basis and the emergencing rescue system.
At first,this paper makes a review on the literature about the tourism and disaster planning in recent years;shows the instance that disaster planning and tourism planning make the integration of development,and points out the importance concerning the disaster planning strategies in tourism development.Then,it makes for an example with the post-disaster restoration and reconstruction of tourism planning on Sichuan "5.12" Wenchuan earthquake,combining with the author's practice experience,and discusses the planning process,the contents of the framework,as well as the focal point problems such as time and scope limit,damage assessment,project selection,funding allocation.Finally,The paper discusses this planning makes pioneering contributions for non-conventional tourism planning in the framework,the theoretical basis and the emergencing rescue system.
引文
[1]胡以志.灾后重建规划理论与实践:以新奥尔良重建为例,兼论对汶川地震灾后重建的借鉴[J].国际城市规划,2008,23(4):66-70.
[2]Allen B L.Environmental Justice,Local Knowledge,and After-disaster Planning in New Orleans[J].Technology in Society,2007,29:153-159.
[3]Emma C,Kate L.Sun,Sea,Sand and Tsunami:examining disaster vulnerability in the tourism community of Khao Lak,Thailand[J].Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography,2008,29(3):288-306,19.
[4]Cioccioa L,Michaelb E J.Hazard or Disaster:tourism management for the inevitable in Northeast Victoria[J].Tourism Management,2007,28(1):1-11.
[5]Bruce P.The Need to Use Disaster Planning Frameworks to Respond to Major Tourism Disasters:analysis of Australia's response to tourism disasters in2001[J].Journal of Travel&Tourism Marketing,2003,15(4):281-298,18.
[6]Gaddisa E B,Milesa B,Morsea S,Lewisa D.Full-cost Accounting of Coastal Disasters in the United States:implications for planning and preparedness[J].Ecological Economics,2007,63(2-3):307-318.
[7]Johnston D,Becker J,Gregg C.Developing Warning and Disaster Response Capacity in the Tourism Sector in Coastal Washington,USA[J].Disaster Prevention&Management,2007,16(2):210-216,7.
[8]Huana T Ch,Beamanb J,Shelby L.No-escape Natural Disaster:mitigating impacts on tourism[J].Annals of Tourism Research,2004,31(2):255-273.
[9]Huang Y Ch,Tseng Y P.Crisis Management Planning to Restore Tourism after Disasters:a case study from Taiwan[J].Journal of Travel&Tourism Marketing,2007,23(2-4):203-221.
[10]Murphy P E,Barley R.Tourism and Disaster Planning[J].the Geographical Review,1989,79(1):36-46.
[11]邓奕.灾后区域复兴的一种途径:“社区营造”——访规划师小林郁雄[J].国际城市规划,2008,23(4):53-56.
[2]Allen B L.Environmental Justice,Local Knowledge,and After-disaster Planning in New Orleans[J].Technology in Society,2007,29:153-159.
[3]Emma C,Kate L.Sun,Sea,Sand and Tsunami:examining disaster vulnerability in the tourism community of Khao Lak,Thailand[J].Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography,2008,29(3):288-306,19.
[4]Cioccioa L,Michaelb E J.Hazard or Disaster:tourism management for the inevitable in Northeast Victoria[J].Tourism Management,2007,28(1):1-11.
[5]Bruce P.The Need to Use Disaster Planning Frameworks to Respond to Major Tourism Disasters:analysis of Australia's response to tourism disasters in2001[J].Journal of Travel&Tourism Marketing,2003,15(4):281-298,18.
[6]Gaddisa E B,Milesa B,Morsea S,Lewisa D.Full-cost Accounting of Coastal Disasters in the United States:implications for planning and preparedness[J].Ecological Economics,2007,63(2-3):307-318.
[7]Johnston D,Becker J,Gregg C.Developing Warning and Disaster Response Capacity in the Tourism Sector in Coastal Washington,USA[J].Disaster Prevention&Management,2007,16(2):210-216,7.
[8]Huana T Ch,Beamanb J,Shelby L.No-escape Natural Disaster:mitigating impacts on tourism[J].Annals of Tourism Research,2004,31(2):255-273.
[9]Huang Y Ch,Tseng Y P.Crisis Management Planning to Restore Tourism after Disasters:a case study from Taiwan[J].Journal of Travel&Tourism Marketing,2007,23(2-4):203-221.
[10]Murphy P E,Barley R.Tourism and Disaster Planning[J].the Geographical Review,1989,79(1):36-46.
[11]邓奕.灾后区域复兴的一种途径:“社区营造”——访规划师小林郁雄[J].国际城市规划,2008,23(4):53-56.
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