基于地壳介质各向异性分析江苏及邻区构造应力特征
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摘要
江苏及邻区(116°E～123°E,30°N～36°N)跨中国大陆3个地质构造单元(华北地台、扬子地台、华南褶皱系),本文采用江苏区域数字地震台网(1999～2008年)共10年的观测资料,使用地壳介质剪切波分裂系统分析方法(SAM),获取研究区域内共11个台站的剪切波分裂参数.研究结果表明,江苏及邻区背景应力环境并非来自单一的某个一级构造单元,而是受到3个地质构造单元的共同约束.研究区域西南部的应力环境主要受到板桥—南渡断裂、茅山东侧断裂、幕府山焦山断裂共同作用,具有局部构造应力特征.研究区域东南部应力环境空间分布特征以长江为界,长江以北地区主压应力场方向为NW方向,而长江以南地区的主压应力场方向为近E-W方向.据此推断,长江以南可能存在近E-W方向的活动构造,长江可能是两个具有不同应力特征活动构造的边界.
Jiangsu and its adjacent area (116°E～123°E,30°N～36°N) is located in the crossing part of three Chinese geological blocks (North China Craton, Yangtze Craton, South China Folds).In the paper, the data from Jiangsu Seismological Network (1999～2008) are analyzed with the seismic anisotropy analysis method in crust (SAM).The shear-wave splitting parameters from 11 stations are obtained.It is shown that the stress field of the whole area is not controlled only by a certain Chinese block, but by three.In the southwest research area, it is regarded that the three faults (Banqiao-Nandu fault, East Maoshan Fault and Mufushan-Jiaoshan Fault) are influential on the stress field, which shows a local tectonic structure.In the southeast area, it is found that Yangtze River plays an important role in the division of crust tectonic structure.In the North of Yangtze River, the principal stress is in NW direction, while in the South of Yangtze River, it is in nearly E-W direction.Thus, there is probably an unknown active structure in nearly E-W direction in the South of Yangtze River, and Yangtze River is the border of two different tectonic structures.
Jiangsu and its adjacent area (116°E～123°E,30°N～36°N) is located in the crossing part of three Chinese geological blocks (North China Craton, Yangtze Craton, South China Folds).In the paper, the data from Jiangsu Seismological Network (1999～2008) are analyzed with the seismic anisotropy analysis method in crust (SAM).The shear-wave splitting parameters from 11 stations are obtained.It is shown that the stress field of the whole area is not controlled only by a certain Chinese block, but by three.In the southwest research area, it is regarded that the three faults (Banqiao-Nandu fault, East Maoshan Fault and Mufushan-Jiaoshan Fault) are influential on the stress field, which shows a local tectonic structure.In the southeast area, it is found that Yangtze River plays an important role in the division of crust tectonic structure.In the North of Yangtze River, the principal stress is in NW direction, while in the South of Yangtze River, it is in nearly E-W direction.Thus, there is probably an unknown active structure in nearly E-W direction in the South of Yangtze River, and Yangtze River is the border of two different tectonic structures.
引文
[1] 郑剑东,杨巍然,郭铁鹰.中国大地构造分区.见:马杏垣主编.中国岩石圈动力学图集.北京:中国地图出版社,1989． 4 Zheng J D,Yang W R,Guo T Y.Provinces of Geotectonics.In:Ma X Y ed.Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China(in Chinese).Beijing:China Cartographic Publishing House,1989． 4
[2] 滕吉文,张中杰,胡家富等.中国东南大陆及陆缘地带的瑞利波频散与剪切波三维速度结构.地球物理学报,2001,44(5) :663～677 Teng J W,Zhang Z J,Hu J F,et al.The Rayleigh wave dispersion and three dimensional velocity structure in continent and its margin of southeast China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(5) :663～677
[3] 姚保华,章振铨,王家林等.上海地区地壳精细结构的综合地球物理探测研究.地球物理学报,2007,50(2) :482～491 Yao B H,Zhang Z Q,Wang J L,et al.Prospecting and research on fine crustal structure by using multi-geophysics survey methods in Shanghai region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2) :482～491
[4] Bai Z M,Zhang Z J,Wang Y H.Crustal structure across the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt revealed by seismic velocity profiles.Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,2007,4(4) :436～442
[5] 肖骑彬,赵国泽,王继军等.苏鲁造山带及邻区深部电性结构研究.中国科学(D辑),2008,38(10) :1258～1267 Xiao Q B,Zhao G Z,Wang J J,et al.Deep electrical structure of the Sulu orogen and neighboring areas.Science in China(Series D),2009,52(3) :420～430
[6] 李曙光,黄方,李 晖.大别-苏鲁造山带碰撞后的岩石圈折离.科学通报,2001,46(17) :1487～1491 Li S G,Huang F,Li H.Post-collisional lithosphere delamination of the Dabie-Sulu orogen.Chinese Science Bulletin,2002,47(3) :259～263
[7] Crampin S.Seismic wave propagation through a cracked solid:polarization as a possible dilatancy diagnostic.Geophys.J.R.astr.Soc.,1978,53:467～496
[8] Crampin S.A review of wave motion in anisotropic and cracked elastic-media.Wave Motion,1981,3:343～391
[9] Crampin S,Peacock S.A review of shear-wave splitting in the compliant crack-critical anisotropic Earth.Wave Motion,2005,41:59～77
[10] Zhang Z J,Teng J W,Badal J,et al.Construction of regional and local seismic anisotropic structures from wideangle seismic data:crustal deformation in the southeast of China.Journal of Seismology,2009,13(2) :241～252
[11] 姚陈,王培德,陈运泰.卢龙地区S波偏振与上地壳裂隙各向异性.地球物理学报,1992,35(3) :305～315 Yao C,Wang P D,Chen Y T.Shear wave polarization and upper crustal crack anisotropy in Lulong.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1992,35(3) :305～315
[12] 雷军,王培德,姚陈等.云南剑川近场横波特征及其与构造的关系.地球物理学报,1997,40(6) :791～801 Lei J,Wang P D,Yao C,et al.Near field shear wave characteristics and its relation with structure in Jianchun,Yunnan.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1997,40(6) :791～801
[13] 高原,郑斯华,周蕙兰.唐山地区快剪切波偏振图像及其变化.地球物理学报,1999,42(2) :228～232 Gao Y,Zheng S H,Zhou H L.Polarization patterns of fast shear wave in Tangshan region and their variations.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1999,42(2) .228～232
[14] Crampin S,Volti T,Chastin S,et al.Indication of high pore-fluid pressures in a seismically-active fault zone.Geophys.J.Int.,2002,151:1～5
[15] Peng Z,Ben-Zion Y.Systematic analysis of crustal anisotropy along the Karadere-Duzce branch of the North Anatolian fault.Geophys.J.Int.,2004,159:253～274
[16] 吴晶,高原,蔡晋安等.华夏地块东南部地壳地震各向异性特征初步研究.地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1748～1756 Wu J,Gao Y,Cai J A,et al.Preliminary study on seismic anisotropy in the crust in southeast of Cathaysia Block.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6) :1748～1756
[17] 高原,吴晶.利用剪切波各向异性推断地壳主压应力场以首都圈地区为例.科学通报,2008,53(23) :2933～2939 Gao Y,Wu J.Compressive stress field in the crust deduced from shear-wave anisotropy:an example in capital area of China.Chinese Science Bulletin,2008,53(18) :2840～2848
[18] 石玉涛,高原,赵翠萍等.汶川地震余震序列的地震各向异性.地球物理学报,2009,52(2) :398～407 Shi Y T,Gao Y,Zhao C P,et al.A study of seismic anisotropy of Wenchuan earthquake sequence.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(2) :398～407
[19] Gao Y,Wang P D,Zheng S H,et al.Temporal changes in shear-wave splitting at an isolated swarm of small earthquakes in 1992 near Dongfang,Hainan Island,southern China.Geophys.J.Int.,1998,135(1) :102～112
[20] Crampin S,Volti T,Stefánsson R.A successfully stressforecast earthquake.Geophys.J.Int.,1999,138:1～5
[21] Gao Y,Crampin S.Observations of stress relaxation before earthquakes.Geophys.J.Int.,2004,157(2) :578～582
[22] 高原,梁维,丁香等.云南2001年施甸地震的剪切波分裂参数变化特征.地震学报,2004,26(6) :576～582 Gao Y,Liang W,Ding X,et al.Shear wave splitting of Shidian Earthquake 2001 in Yunnan.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2004,26(6) :576～582
[23] Wu J,Crampin S,Gao Y,et al.Smaller source earthquakes and improved measuring techniques allow the largest earthquakes in Iceland to be stress-forecast(with hindsight).Geophys.J.Int.,2006,166(2) :1293～1298,doi:10． 1111/j.1365-246X.2006． 03054． x
[24] 丁志峰,武岩,王辉等.2008年汶川地震震源区横波分裂的变化特征.中国科学(D辑),2008,38(12) :1600～1604 Ding Z F,Wu Y,Wang H,et al.Variations of shear wave splitting in the 2008 Wen-chuan earthquake region.Science in China(Series D),2008,51(12) :1712～1716
[25] 高原,石玉涛,梁维等.剪切波分裂系统分析方法SAM(2007) --软件系统.中国地震,2008,24(4) :345～353 Gao Y,Shi Y T,Liang W,et al.Systematic analysis method of shear-wave splitting SAM(2007) :software system.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),2008,24(4) :345～353
[26] 姜刚仁,张大其,竺清良等.上海、江苏地震构造.见:马杏垣主编.中国岩石圈动力学图集.北京:中国地图出版社,1989． 36 Jiang G R,Zhang D Q,Zhu Q L,et al.Seismotectonics of Jiangsu Province,including Shanghai.In:Ma X Y ed.Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China(in Chinese).Beijing:China Cartographic Publishing House,1989． 36
[27] 朱日祥,郑天愉.华北克拉通破坏机制与古元古代板块构造体系.科学通报,2009,54(14) :1950～1961 Zhu R X,Zheng T Y.Destruction geodynamics of the North China Craton and its Paleoproterozoic plate tectonics.Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(19) :3354～3366
[28] 赵志新,徐纪人.广角反射地震探测得到的中国东部地壳三维P波速度结构.科学通报,2009,54(7) :931～937 Zhao Z X,Xu J R.Three-dimensional crustal velocity structure of P-wave in East China from wide-angle reflection and refraction surveys.Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(8) :1389～1397,doi:10． 1007/s11434-009-0022-9
[29] Zheng T Y,Zhao L,Xu W W,et al.Insight into modification of North China Craton from seismological study in the Shandong Province.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2008,35,L22305
[30] 赖院根,刘启元,陈九辉等.首都圈地区横波分裂与地壳应力场特征.地球物理学报,2006,49(1) :189～196 Lai Y G,Liu Q Y,Chen J H,et al.Shear wave splitting and the features of the crustal stress field in the Capital circle.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(1) :189～196
[31] Crampin S,Gao Y.A review of techniques for measuring shear-wave splitting above small earthquakes.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,2006,159:1～14
[32] 石玉涛,高原,吴晶等.云南地区地壳介质各向异性--快剪切波偏振特性的初步研究.地震学报,2006,28(6) :574～585 Shi Y T,Gao Y,Wu J,et al.Seismic anisotropy in crust in Yunnan-preliminary study on polarization of fast shear wave.Acta Seismologica Sinica,2006,19(6) :620～632
[33] 胡连英,徐学思.江苏溧阳地震孕育和发生的地质因素剖析.江苏地质,2001,25(1) :11～16 Hu L Y,Xu X S.The geological reason of Li Yang Earthquake,Jiangsu.Jiangsu Geology(in Chinese),2001,25(1) :11～16
[2] 滕吉文,张中杰,胡家富等.中国东南大陆及陆缘地带的瑞利波频散与剪切波三维速度结构.地球物理学报,2001,44(5) :663～677 Teng J W,Zhang Z J,Hu J F,et al.The Rayleigh wave dispersion and three dimensional velocity structure in continent and its margin of southeast China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(5) :663～677
[3] 姚保华,章振铨,王家林等.上海地区地壳精细结构的综合地球物理探测研究.地球物理学报,2007,50(2) :482～491 Yao B H,Zhang Z Q,Wang J L,et al.Prospecting and research on fine crustal structure by using multi-geophysics survey methods in Shanghai region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2) :482～491
[4] Bai Z M,Zhang Z J,Wang Y H.Crustal structure across the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt revealed by seismic velocity profiles.Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,2007,4(4) :436～442
[5] 肖骑彬,赵国泽,王继军等.苏鲁造山带及邻区深部电性结构研究.中国科学(D辑),2008,38(10) :1258～1267 Xiao Q B,Zhao G Z,Wang J J,et al.Deep electrical structure of the Sulu orogen and neighboring areas.Science in China(Series D),2009,52(3) :420～430
[6] 李曙光,黄方,李 晖.大别-苏鲁造山带碰撞后的岩石圈折离.科学通报,2001,46(17) :1487～1491 Li S G,Huang F,Li H.Post-collisional lithosphere delamination of the Dabie-Sulu orogen.Chinese Science Bulletin,2002,47(3) :259～263
[7] Crampin S.Seismic wave propagation through a cracked solid:polarization as a possible dilatancy diagnostic.Geophys.J.R.astr.Soc.,1978,53:467～496
[8] Crampin S.A review of wave motion in anisotropic and cracked elastic-media.Wave Motion,1981,3:343～391
[9] Crampin S,Peacock S.A review of shear-wave splitting in the compliant crack-critical anisotropic Earth.Wave Motion,2005,41:59～77
[10] Zhang Z J,Teng J W,Badal J,et al.Construction of regional and local seismic anisotropic structures from wideangle seismic data:crustal deformation in the southeast of China.Journal of Seismology,2009,13(2) :241～252
[11] 姚陈,王培德,陈运泰.卢龙地区S波偏振与上地壳裂隙各向异性.地球物理学报,1992,35(3) :305～315 Yao C,Wang P D,Chen Y T.Shear wave polarization and upper crustal crack anisotropy in Lulong.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1992,35(3) :305～315
[12] 雷军,王培德,姚陈等.云南剑川近场横波特征及其与构造的关系.地球物理学报,1997,40(6) :791～801 Lei J,Wang P D,Yao C,et al.Near field shear wave characteristics and its relation with structure in Jianchun,Yunnan.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1997,40(6) :791～801
[13] 高原,郑斯华,周蕙兰.唐山地区快剪切波偏振图像及其变化.地球物理学报,1999,42(2) :228～232 Gao Y,Zheng S H,Zhou H L.Polarization patterns of fast shear wave in Tangshan region and their variations.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1999,42(2) .228～232
[14] Crampin S,Volti T,Chastin S,et al.Indication of high pore-fluid pressures in a seismically-active fault zone.Geophys.J.Int.,2002,151:1～5
[15] Peng Z,Ben-Zion Y.Systematic analysis of crustal anisotropy along the Karadere-Duzce branch of the North Anatolian fault.Geophys.J.Int.,2004,159:253～274
[16] 吴晶,高原,蔡晋安等.华夏地块东南部地壳地震各向异性特征初步研究.地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1748～1756 Wu J,Gao Y,Cai J A,et al.Preliminary study on seismic anisotropy in the crust in southeast of Cathaysia Block.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6) :1748～1756
[17] 高原,吴晶.利用剪切波各向异性推断地壳主压应力场以首都圈地区为例.科学通报,2008,53(23) :2933～2939 Gao Y,Wu J.Compressive stress field in the crust deduced from shear-wave anisotropy:an example in capital area of China.Chinese Science Bulletin,2008,53(18) :2840～2848
[18] 石玉涛,高原,赵翠萍等.汶川地震余震序列的地震各向异性.地球物理学报,2009,52(2) :398～407 Shi Y T,Gao Y,Zhao C P,et al.A study of seismic anisotropy of Wenchuan earthquake sequence.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(2) :398～407
[19] Gao Y,Wang P D,Zheng S H,et al.Temporal changes in shear-wave splitting at an isolated swarm of small earthquakes in 1992 near Dongfang,Hainan Island,southern China.Geophys.J.Int.,1998,135(1) :102～112
[20] Crampin S,Volti T,Stefánsson R.A successfully stressforecast earthquake.Geophys.J.Int.,1999,138:1～5
[21] Gao Y,Crampin S.Observations of stress relaxation before earthquakes.Geophys.J.Int.,2004,157(2) :578～582
[22] 高原,梁维,丁香等.云南2001年施甸地震的剪切波分裂参数变化特征.地震学报,2004,26(6) :576～582 Gao Y,Liang W,Ding X,et al.Shear wave splitting of Shidian Earthquake 2001 in Yunnan.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2004,26(6) :576～582
[23] Wu J,Crampin S,Gao Y,et al.Smaller source earthquakes and improved measuring techniques allow the largest earthquakes in Iceland to be stress-forecast(with hindsight).Geophys.J.Int.,2006,166(2) :1293～1298,doi:10． 1111/j.1365-246X.2006． 03054． x
[24] 丁志峰,武岩,王辉等.2008年汶川地震震源区横波分裂的变化特征.中国科学(D辑),2008,38(12) :1600～1604 Ding Z F,Wu Y,Wang H,et al.Variations of shear wave splitting in the 2008 Wen-chuan earthquake region.Science in China(Series D),2008,51(12) :1712～1716
[25] 高原,石玉涛,梁维等.剪切波分裂系统分析方法SAM(2007) --软件系统.中国地震,2008,24(4) :345～353 Gao Y,Shi Y T,Liang W,et al.Systematic analysis method of shear-wave splitting SAM(2007) :software system.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),2008,24(4) :345～353
[26] 姜刚仁,张大其,竺清良等.上海、江苏地震构造.见:马杏垣主编.中国岩石圈动力学图集.北京:中国地图出版社,1989． 36 Jiang G R,Zhang D Q,Zhu Q L,et al.Seismotectonics of Jiangsu Province,including Shanghai.In:Ma X Y ed.Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China(in Chinese).Beijing:China Cartographic Publishing House,1989． 36
[27] 朱日祥,郑天愉.华北克拉通破坏机制与古元古代板块构造体系.科学通报,2009,54(14) :1950～1961 Zhu R X,Zheng T Y.Destruction geodynamics of the North China Craton and its Paleoproterozoic plate tectonics.Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(19) :3354～3366
[28] 赵志新,徐纪人.广角反射地震探测得到的中国东部地壳三维P波速度结构.科学通报,2009,54(7) :931～937 Zhao Z X,Xu J R.Three-dimensional crustal velocity structure of P-wave in East China from wide-angle reflection and refraction surveys.Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(8) :1389～1397,doi:10． 1007/s11434-009-0022-9
[29] Zheng T Y,Zhao L,Xu W W,et al.Insight into modification of North China Craton from seismological study in the Shandong Province.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2008,35,L22305
[30] 赖院根,刘启元,陈九辉等.首都圈地区横波分裂与地壳应力场特征.地球物理学报,2006,49(1) :189～196 Lai Y G,Liu Q Y,Chen J H,et al.Shear wave splitting and the features of the crustal stress field in the Capital circle.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(1) :189～196
[31] Crampin S,Gao Y.A review of techniques for measuring shear-wave splitting above small earthquakes.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,2006,159:1～14
[32] 石玉涛,高原,吴晶等.云南地区地壳介质各向异性--快剪切波偏振特性的初步研究.地震学报,2006,28(6) :574～585 Shi Y T,Gao Y,Wu J,et al.Seismic anisotropy in crust in Yunnan-preliminary study on polarization of fast shear wave.Acta Seismologica Sinica,2006,19(6) :620～632
[33] 胡连英,徐学思.江苏溧阳地震孕育和发生的地质因素剖析.江苏地质,2001,25(1) :11～16 Hu L Y,Xu X S.The geological reason of Li Yang Earthquake,Jiangsu.Jiangsu Geology(in Chinese),2001,25(1) :11～16
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