新型复合式金属阻尼器在桥梁减震控制中的应用
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摘要
提出一种新型复合式金属阻尼器,其滞回曲线饱满,耗能强,在发生小位移时提供较小且稳定的出力,一旦达到设计位移,出力随着位移的增加而大幅提升.以一座高架桥为例,通过有限元分析,研究了此类型阻尼器在高架桥减震控制上的应用,并与传统的防落梁拉杆进行了减震性能对比.研究表明:在设计设防烈度下复合式金属阻尼器能提供超过40%的减震率,有效阻止桥墩塑性铰的发展和抑制支座的位移;提高设防烈度时复合式金属阻尼器兼具耗能和限位的功能,防止落梁和碰撞的发生;防落梁拉杆能防止主梁发生落梁,但会增大桥墩和固定支座的剪切效应,复合式金属阻尼器对于桥梁的整体减震控制效果优于防落梁拉杆,保护所有构件不发生较严重的损伤.
A new type of damper called metal alloy brace with plump hysteresis loops and strong dissipation energy capability is recommended.Within the designed displacement the output force is stable and small,while the output force can increase greatly when the designed displacement is exceeded.The FE model of a viaduct has been established to analyze the implication of the metal alloy brace on seismic control and make comparison with the traditional restrainers.The results show that the damper can provide more than 40 percent of passive energy dissipation ratio under the seismic excitation of design intensity,which can inhibit the elastic hinge and restrain the bearing displacement.When the designed intensity rises,the metal alloy brace can protect the bridge not only by dissipating energy,but also by restraining the displacement to avoid girder's falling and collision.Restrainers can also effectively prevent the falling-off of the girder,but may enlarge the shear force at the piers and fixed bearings.So the metal alloy brace can replace the restrainers because it can ultimately protect each component of the bridge from destroying.
A new type of damper called metal alloy brace with plump hysteresis loops and strong dissipation energy capability is recommended.Within the designed displacement the output force is stable and small,while the output force can increase greatly when the designed displacement is exceeded.The FE model of a viaduct has been established to analyze the implication of the metal alloy brace on seismic control and make comparison with the traditional restrainers.The results show that the damper can provide more than 40 percent of passive energy dissipation ratio under the seismic excitation of design intensity,which can inhibit the elastic hinge and restrain the bearing displacement.When the designed intensity rises,the metal alloy brace can protect the bridge not only by dissipating energy,but also by restraining the displacement to avoid girder's falling and collision.Restrainers can also effectively prevent the falling-off of the girder,but may enlarge the shear force at the piers and fixed bearings.So the metal alloy brace can replace the restrainers because it can ultimately protect each component of the bridge from destroying.
引文
[1]陈惠发,段炼.桥梁抗震设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2008.
[2]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:中国地震出版社,2007.
[3]范立础,胡世德,叶爱君.大跨度桥梁抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
[4]KELLY J M,SKINNER R J.Mechanisms of energyabsorption in special devices for use in earthquake resistantstructures[J].Bulletin of New Zealand Society forEarthquake Engineering,1972,5(3):63-88.(inChinese)
[5]SKINNER R J,KELLY J M,HEINE A J.Hysteresisdampers for earthquake-resistant structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1975,(3):287-296.
[6]闫维明,苏亮,彭凌云,等.铅阻尼器的发展与工程应用[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2009,31(5):52-57.YAN Wei-ming,SU Liang,PENG Ling-yun,et al.Development and engineering application of lead dampers[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2009,31(5):52-57.(in chinese)
[7]ROBINSON W H,GREENBANK L R.An extrusionenergy absorber suitable for the protection of structuresduring an earthquake[J].Earthquake Eng&Str Dyn,1976,4(3):251-259.
[8]陈永祁,耿瑞琦,马良喆.桥梁用液体黏滞阻尼器的减振设计和类型选择[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(7):55-61.CHEN Yong-qi,GENG Rui-qi,MA Liang-zhe.Designand selection of fluid viscous devices for shock control ofbridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007,40(7):55-61.(in Chinese)
[9]李杰,李国强.地震工程学导论[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
[2]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:中国地震出版社,2007.
[3]范立础,胡世德,叶爱君.大跨度桥梁抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
[4]KELLY J M,SKINNER R J.Mechanisms of energyabsorption in special devices for use in earthquake resistantstructures[J].Bulletin of New Zealand Society forEarthquake Engineering,1972,5(3):63-88.(inChinese)
[5]SKINNER R J,KELLY J M,HEINE A J.Hysteresisdampers for earthquake-resistant structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1975,(3):287-296.
[6]闫维明,苏亮,彭凌云,等.铅阻尼器的发展与工程应用[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2009,31(5):52-57.YAN Wei-ming,SU Liang,PENG Ling-yun,et al.Development and engineering application of lead dampers[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2009,31(5):52-57.(in chinese)
[7]ROBINSON W H,GREENBANK L R.An extrusionenergy absorber suitable for the protection of structuresduring an earthquake[J].Earthquake Eng&Str Dyn,1976,4(3):251-259.
[8]陈永祁,耿瑞琦,马良喆.桥梁用液体黏滞阻尼器的减振设计和类型选择[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(7):55-61.CHEN Yong-qi,GENG Rui-qi,MA Liang-zhe.Designand selection of fluid viscous devices for shock control ofbridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007,40(7):55-61.(in Chinese)
[9]李杰,李国强.地震工程学导论[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
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