汶川大地震幸存者心理健康状况调查研究
|
摘要
目的:了解汶川大地震自然灾难对幸存者心理健康状况的影响。方法:在地震发生后1月内采用SCL-90对地震灾区幸存者进行心理健康状况评估。结果:SCL-90各因子分中,躯体化、抑郁、焦虑及敌对因子灾区幸存者均高于常模,其余各因子灾区幸存者均低于常模;男性、女性之间和不同文化程度之间比较,SCL-90总均分及各因子分差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);不同居住地之间比较,躯体化、恐怖和偏执因子差异有统计学意义。其中,躯体化症状中,居住农村者均分最高(2.06±1.23),其次为山区幸存者(1.75±0.47),城市幸存者最轻(1.63±0.51)(P=0.042),而在恐怖、偏执因子分中,居住山区者最高(1.36±0.68;1.59±0.79),其次为农村(1.15±0.39;1.34±0.45),城市最低(1.07±0.30;1.25±0.35)(P均=0.015)。结论:特大地震自然灾难给幸存者造成的心理创伤很普遍,需要对幸存者进行及时的心理危机干预,政府卫生部门在制定救援政策时有必要纳入心理危机干预计划。
Objective:To investigate the mental health of survivors from earthquake of Wenchuan China.Methods:To investigate the mental health of survivors by SCL-90within 1month after the Wenchuan earthquake.Results:Of all the factor score of the SCL-90,somatization,depression,anxiety and hostility of disaster survivors were higher than ordinary model,while the rest factors were lower than the ordinary model.The general mean score and the factor score of the SCL-90showed no statistical difference(P>0.05) in gender and in educational years.The somatization,phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation were different significantly in different residence.In the somatization,the highest mean score was county villager(2.06±1.23),the second was mountain villager(1.75±0.47),the lowest was citizen(1.63±0.51)(P=0.042).While in phobic anxiety and in paranoid ideation,the highest mean score was mountain villager(1.36±0.68;1.59±0.79),the second was county villager(1.15±0.39;1.34±0.45),the lowest was citizen(1.07±0.30;1.25±0.35).Conclusion:The psychological trauma of the survivors of the earthquake caused by serious natural disaster was widespreadly.The timely psychological crisis intervention for survivors was needed.The incorporate psychological crisis intervention plan should be adopted by the government to rescue the health sector.
Objective:To investigate the mental health of survivors from earthquake of Wenchuan China.Methods:To investigate the mental health of survivors by SCL-90within 1month after the Wenchuan earthquake.Results:Of all the factor score of the SCL-90,somatization,depression,anxiety and hostility of disaster survivors were higher than ordinary model,while the rest factors were lower than the ordinary model.The general mean score and the factor score of the SCL-90showed no statistical difference(P>0.05) in gender and in educational years.The somatization,phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation were different significantly in different residence.In the somatization,the highest mean score was county villager(2.06±1.23),the second was mountain villager(1.75±0.47),the lowest was citizen(1.63±0.51)(P=0.042).While in phobic anxiety and in paranoid ideation,the highest mean score was mountain villager(1.36±0.68;1.59±0.79),the second was county villager(1.15±0.39;1.34±0.45),the lowest was citizen(1.07±0.30;1.25±0.35).Conclusion:The psychological trauma of the survivors of the earthquake caused by serious natural disaster was widespreadly.The timely psychological crisis intervention for survivors was needed.The incorporate psychological crisis intervention plan should be adopted by the government to rescue the health sector.
引文
[1]张明园,主编.精神卫生评定量表手册[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1993:16-41.
[2]METIN B A,SOGLU,EBRU S,et al.Traumatic Stress Respon-ses in Earthquake Survivors in Turkey[J].Journal of TraumaticStress,2002,15,(4):269?276.
[3]SANDRO GALEA,ARIJIT NANDI,DAVID VLAHOV.The Epi-demiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after Disasters[J].Epidemiologic Reviews,2005;27:78?91.
[4]J ZOHAR,Y SASSON,D AMITAL,et al.Current diagnostic is-sues and and Epidemiological Insights in PTSD[J].CNS Spec-trums,1998,3(7-Suppl.2):12-14.
[5]YEHUDA R,MCFARLANCE A C.Conflict between currentKnowledge about posttraumatic stress disorder and its original con-ceptual basis[J].Am J Psychiatry,1995,152:1705-1713.
[6]VEYSEL YILMAZ,SENGUL CANGUR H,ERAY C ELIK.Sexdifference and earthquake experience effects on earthquake victims[J].Personality and Individual Differences,2005,39:341?348.
[2]METIN B A,SOGLU,EBRU S,et al.Traumatic Stress Respon-ses in Earthquake Survivors in Turkey[J].Journal of TraumaticStress,2002,15,(4):269?276.
[3]SANDRO GALEA,ARIJIT NANDI,DAVID VLAHOV.The Epi-demiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after Disasters[J].Epidemiologic Reviews,2005;27:78?91.
[4]J ZOHAR,Y SASSON,D AMITAL,et al.Current diagnostic is-sues and and Epidemiological Insights in PTSD[J].CNS Spec-trums,1998,3(7-Suppl.2):12-14.
[5]YEHUDA R,MCFARLANCE A C.Conflict between currentKnowledge about posttraumatic stress disorder and its original con-ceptual basis[J].Am J Psychiatry,1995,152:1705-1713.
[6]VEYSEL YILMAZ,SENGUL CANGUR H,ERAY C ELIK.Sexdifference and earthquake experience effects on earthquake victims[J].Personality and Individual Differences,2005,39:341?348.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心