基于Morlet小波分频的保边滤波去噪方法
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摘要
进行保边滤波需要已知反射倾角和边界信息,通常这些信息由全频率地震资料估算得到,但噪声的存在往往会降低估算的准确性。地震资料的各个频率成分具有不同的信噪比,Morlet小波具有良好的局部性能,所以用Morlet小波可以将地震数据按照倍频程分为几个分频体。对于信噪比不是太低(一般指大于2.5)的地震资料,会有2～3个分频体具有较高的信噪比。扫描上述分频体,确定它们的倾角以及边界信息,然后利用倾角及边界信息对上述分频体以及与其频率接近的分频体进行平滑,并根据是否存在边界采取不同的滤波手段,保证滤波算法的稳定性,最后将平滑后的各频段地震记录合成,得到去噪后的地震记录。理论模型和实际资料处理表明,对于信噪比大于2.5的地震资料,该方法能有效去除噪声。
Boundary-preserving filtering requires the information of reflection dip and boundary.The information is usually estimated from seismic data with full frequency,but noise usually decreases the accuracy of estimation.Every frequency component of seismic data has different SNR.Morlet has good local performance,so which can divide seismic data into several division-frequency data volume in terms of octave.For seismic data with SNR higher than 2.5,at least 2—3 frequency-division data volume have higher SNR. If we scan these frequency-division data volumes,their dip and boundary can be identified which is used to smooth these data volumes and the ones with almost the same frequency.Meanwhile,in terms of whether existing boundary,different filtering means are used to ensure the stability of filtering algorithm.Finally,the seismic record of different frequencies after smoothing was synthesized to obtain seismic data with noise suppression.Theoretical model and actual data processing indicates the method can effectively remove nosie for the seismic data with SNR higher than 2.5.
Boundary-preserving filtering requires the information of reflection dip and boundary.The information is usually estimated from seismic data with full frequency,but noise usually decreases the accuracy of estimation.Every frequency component of seismic data has different SNR.Morlet has good local performance,so which can divide seismic data into several division-frequency data volume in terms of octave.For seismic data with SNR higher than 2.5,at least 2—3 frequency-division data volume have higher SNR. If we scan these frequency-division data volumes,their dip and boundary can be identified which is used to smooth these data volumes and the ones with almost the same frequency.Meanwhile,in terms of whether existing boundary,different filtering means are used to ensure the stability of filtering algorithm.Finally,the seismic record of different frequencies after smoothing was synthesized to obtain seismic data with noise suppression.Theoretical model and actual data processing indicates the method can effectively remove nosie for the seismic data with SNR higher than 2.5.
引文
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[13]李振春,张成玉,王清振.基于小波变换与多级中值滤波的联合去噪方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(5): 470-474
[14]杨立强,宋海斌,郝天瑶,等.基于二维小波变换的随机噪声压制方法研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(1): 4-7
[15]高静怀,吴茜,陈文超,等.小波变换域地震资料瞬时频率分析方法[J].石油物探,2007,46(6):534-560
[16]马志霞,孙赞东.Gabor-Morlet小波变换分频技术及其在碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探, 2010,49(1):42-53
[17]马朋善,王继强,刘来祥,等.Morlet小波分频处理在提高地震资料分辨率中的应用[J].石油物探, 2007,46(3):283-287
[2]AlBinHassan N M,Luo Y,Al-Faraj M N.3D edgepreserving smoothing and applications[J].Geophysics, 2006,71(4):5-11
[3]Al-Dossary S,Marfurt K J.Lineament -preserving filtering[J].Geophysics,2007,72(1):1-8
[4]Hocker C,Fehmers G.Fast structure interpretation with structure-oriented filtering[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(2):238-243
[5]Wang J,Chen Y H.Structure-oriented edge-preserving smoothing based on accurate estimation of orientation and edges[J].Applied Geophysics,2009,6 (4):367-376
[6]Dalley R M,Gevers E A,Stampli G M,et al.Dip and azimuth displays for 3-D seismic interpretation[J]. First Break,1989,7(1):86-95
[7]Marfurt K J,Kirlin R L.3-D broad-band estimates of reflector dip and amplitude[J].Geophysics,2000, 65(1):304-320
[8]Marfurt K J.Robust estimates of 3-D reflector dip and azimuth[J].Geophysics,2006,71(4):29-40
[9]Gabriel P,Marfurt K J.New azimuthal binning for improved delineation of faults and fractures[J].Geophysics, 2008,73(1):S7-S15
[10]Bahorich M S,Farmer S L.3-D seismic discontinuity for faults and stratigraphic features[J].The Leading Edge,1995,16(4):1053-1058
[11]Al-Dossary S,Marfurt K J.3-D volumetric multispectral estimates of reflector curvature and rotation [J].Geophysics,2006,71(5),41-51
[12]Gulunay N.Holden J,Connor J.Coherency enhancement on 3-D seismic data by dip detection and dip selection[J].Expanded Abstracts of 77~(th) Annual Internal SEG Mtg,2007,2625-2629
[13]李振春,张成玉,王清振.基于小波变换与多级中值滤波的联合去噪方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(5): 470-474
[14]杨立强,宋海斌,郝天瑶,等.基于二维小波变换的随机噪声压制方法研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(1): 4-7
[15]高静怀,吴茜,陈文超,等.小波变换域地震资料瞬时频率分析方法[J].石油物探,2007,46(6):534-560
[16]马志霞,孙赞东.Gabor-Morlet小波变换分频技术及其在碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探, 2010,49(1):42-53
[17]马朋善,王继强,刘来祥,等.Morlet小波分频处理在提高地震资料分辨率中的应用[J].石油物探, 2007,46(3):283-287
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