5·12汶川大地震医疗救援人员常见心理反应及干预措施
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摘要
目的探讨5·12汶川大地震医疗救援人员常见心理反应形成原因及干预措施。方法对我院地震伤员救治病房及未收治地震伤员病房的医护人员分别进行谈话、观察及危机干预评估量表(Rick A.Myer)评分,两组结果进行比较;对两组研究对象出现的各种常见的不同躯体及心理反应形成原因进行分析与干预。结果地震伤员救治病房的医护人员都出现不同程度心理不适,与未收治地震伤员病房的医护人员比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论直接参与灾后救援的医护人员由于极度疲劳、休息与睡眠的不足和对生还者的共情,常常出现严重的身心困扰,积极的心理干预能使这些心理创伤减轻,甚至消失。
Objective To observe the general psychic reaction of the health care staff directly involved in the Wenchuan earthquake relief work,to analyze related causes and to search for possible coping strategies.Methods We carried out conversations with the health care workers in our hospital who participated in the treatment of the patients wounded in the earthquake(Group 1) and those not involved(Group 2).We observed and tested each of them with Rick A.Myer test.By comparing these results from the two groups,we tried to explore their ways of psychic reaction.Results All workers in Group 1 reported varying degrees of psychological discomfort.The difference between these two groups was of statistical significance.Conclusion Health care workers directly involved in the post-disaster relief work usually complain about physical and psychological fatigue,inadequate rest and sleep,serious self-affliction and even mental collapse,arising from their sympathy and empathy for the survivors.Active psychological intervention could relieve or even cure the psychological trauma.
Objective To observe the general psychic reaction of the health care staff directly involved in the Wenchuan earthquake relief work,to analyze related causes and to search for possible coping strategies.Methods We carried out conversations with the health care workers in our hospital who participated in the treatment of the patients wounded in the earthquake(Group 1) and those not involved(Group 2).We observed and tested each of them with Rick A.Myer test.By comparing these results from the two groups,we tried to explore their ways of psychic reaction.Results All workers in Group 1 reported varying degrees of psychological discomfort.The difference between these two groups was of statistical significance.Conclusion Health care workers directly involved in the post-disaster relief work usually complain about physical and psychological fatigue,inadequate rest and sleep,serious self-affliction and even mental collapse,arising from their sympathy and empathy for the survivors.Active psychological intervention could relieve or even cure the psychological trauma.
引文
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[2]Myers D,Zunin HS,Zunin LM.Grief:The Art of Coping with Tragedy[J].Today’s Supervisor,1990,6(11):14-15.
[3]Martin-Soelch CM,Leenders LM,Chevalley AF,et al.Reward mechanismsin the brain and their role in dependence:evidence from neurophysiologi-cal and neuroimaging studies.Brain Research Reviews,2001,36(1):139-149.
[4]Robert L,Leahy E,Thomas D.Clinical Advances in Cognitive Psychother-apy:theory and application[M].New York:Springrt,2002.
[5]Nancy CA,Donald WB.Introductory Textbook of Psychiatry[M].ThirdEdition.Washington DC:American Psychiatric Publishing,Inc.2003.
[6]William ES,Juesta MC,Loti E,et al.Psychological Reactions to TerroristAttacks[J].JAMA,2005,288(4):581-588.
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