准噶尔盆地腹部盆1井西凹陷超压研究
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摘要
准噶尔盆地腹部盆1井西凹陷存在明显的深部超压系统(4400m以下)。通过对超压段地质、钻井、地球物理特征的研究发现,超压段多为砂、泥岩互层,泥岩段大多几米到十几米厚,孔隙度在8%以下,已经过充分的压实,进入超压段,泥浆密度大幅增加,远大于1.2g/cm~3,砂岩、泥岩段同时具有高声波时差和低电阻率特征,井旁地震速度具有异常低值特征,超压顶面形态不规则,穿层分布,并且宏观上往往在一定的深度范围内。经过分析,欠压实以及煤层不是超压带低速的原因,烃类生成尤其是天然气生成对现今超压贡献最大。
A noticeable deep overpressure system occurs below 4,400 m depth in the well Pen-1 West subbasin in the interior of the Junggar basin.Studies of the geological,well log and geophysical data in the area show the following:the overpressure interval consists mostly of alternating beds of sandstone and mudstone;the mudstone interval is mostly a few to more than ten meters thick with a porosity of<8% and has been fully compacted;the slurry density increases greatly,being far higher than 1.2 g/cm~3;both the sandstone and mudstone intervals have higher acoustic transit time and lower resistivity,and the stack seismic velocities near the wells also have abnormally lower values;the top of the overpressure interval is irregular in shape and penetrates the bed and macroscopically usually in a certain depth range.Analysis indicates that the lack of compaction and coal beds are not the cause for the lower velocity in the overpressure interval and that hydrocarbon,especially natural gas, generation makes the greatest contribution to the present overpressure generation.
A noticeable deep overpressure system occurs below 4,400 m depth in the well Pen-1 West subbasin in the interior of the Junggar basin.Studies of the geological,well log and geophysical data in the area show the following:the overpressure interval consists mostly of alternating beds of sandstone and mudstone;the mudstone interval is mostly a few to more than ten meters thick with a porosity of<8% and has been fully compacted;the slurry density increases greatly,being far higher than 1.2 g/cm~3;both the sandstone and mudstone intervals have higher acoustic transit time and lower resistivity,and the stack seismic velocities near the wells also have abnormally lower values;the top of the overpressure interval is irregular in shape and penetrates the bed and macroscopically usually in a certain depth range.Analysis indicates that the lack of compaction and coal beds are not the cause for the lower velocity in the overpressure interval and that hydrocarbon,especially natural gas, generation makes the greatest contribution to the present overpressure generation.
引文
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[2]王莉娟，朱和平．新疆准噶尔盆地西缘哈图金矿成矿流体[J]．中国地质，2006，33(3)：666-671．Wang Lijuan,Zhu Heping.Ore-forming fluid of the Hatu gold deposit on the western margin of the Junggar basin,Xinjiang[J].Geology in China,2006,33(3):666-671(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]李圣强，孙青，罗立强，等．中国大陆科学钻探主孔流体异常与其附近2次ML3．9级地震的关系[J]．中国地质，2005，32(2)：330—335．LI Shengqiang,Sun Qing,Luo Liqiang,et al.Anomalous fluid compositions in mud of the CCSD main well and their relations to two nearby earthquakes of ML 3.9[J].Geology in China,2005,32 (2):330-335(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]解习农，李思田，刘晓峰．异常压力盆地流体动力学[M]．武汉：中国地质大学出版社．2006：1—178．Xie Xinong,Li Sitian,Liu Xiaofeng.Basin Fluid Dynamics in Abnormally Pressured Environments[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,2006:1-178(in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]张传进．初探井地层孔隙压力预测方法[J]．石油钻探技术，2003，30(3)：13-14．Zhang Chuanjin.Prediction of formation pore pressure in wild cat wells[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2003,30(3):13-14(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]张传进．地震层速度预测地层压力研究[J]．石油钻采工艺，1998，20(2)：14-18．Zhang Chuanjin.Study of formation pressure prediction with seismic interval velocity[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 1999,20(2):14-18(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]Hermanrud C,Wensaas L,Teige G M G,et al.Shale porosities from well logs on Haltenbanken(Offshore Mid-Norway)show no influence of overpressuring[C]//Law B E,Ulmishek G F,Slavin V I,et al,Abnormal pressures in hydrocarbon environments:American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir,1998,70:65-85.
[8]李亚林，谢贤鹏，贺振华，等．岩石孔隙流体对纵横波速度影响的实验研究及意义[J]．矿物岩石，1998，18(增刊)：188-191．Li Yalin,Xie Xianpeng,He Zhenhua,et al.The laboratorial studying on the influence of pore fluid in rock to compressional and shear waves velocity and its significance[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,1998,18(supp.):188-191(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]吴孔友，查明，钟建华．准噶尔盆地超压系统分布及其演化[J]．地质科学，2006，41(4)：636-647．Wu Kongyou,Zha Ming,ZhongJianhua.Distribution and evolution of overpressure systems in the Junggar Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology, 2006,41(4):636-647(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]Barker C.Thermal Modelling of Petroleum Generation:Theory and Applications[M].New York;Amsterdam:Elsevier,1996.
[11]Magara K.Compaction and fluid migration:practical petroleum geology[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science,1978,47-85.
[12]Hunt J M.Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressure fluid compartments[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1990,74:1-12.
[13]郝芳．超压盆地生烃作用动力学与油气成藏机理[M]．北京：科学出版社．2004：239—267．Hao Fang.Kinetics of Hydrocarbon Generation and Mechanisms of Petroleum Accumulation in Overpressured Basins[M].Beijing: Science Press,2004:239-267(in Chinese with English abstract).
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