中国汶川2008.5.12地震中建筑结构性能现场调查
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摘要
2008年5月12日,中国四川省发生了灾难性的地震,截至2008年9月25日12时,69227人遇难,374643人受伤,17923人失踪。震中位于汶川地区,断层破裂长度约300km,东北向延伸通过北川到达青川地区,两侧的很多城镇严重受损或摧毁,地震烈度为Ⅺ度。介绍了由地震工程调查队(英国结构工程师学会)以及欧洲委员会研究中心结构评估试验室对地震现场勘察后的结果,对其中三个遭受了毁灭性破坏的城镇进行了描述,他们是汶川地区映秀镇、什邡的汉旺、北川地区的北川镇。调研工作着重对地震过程和震后建筑物的性能进行描述,尤其关注钢筋混凝土框架结构、钢筋混凝土约束砌体结构,无配筋和无约束砌体结构,工业建筑,地方建筑以及古建筑。所提供的信息和建议对于类似地震风险区的工程应用具有借鉴作用。
A devastating earthquake struck the southwestern Chinese province of Sichuan on 12 May 2008, leaving 69 227 dead and 374,643 injured, with 17,923 people still missing five months after the main event. The epicentre of the earthquake was located in Wenchuan County, which triggered a fault rupture length of about 300 km, stretching northeast through Beichuan County and reaching Qingchuan County; many towns on both sides of the fault were severely damaged/destroyed, reaching an earthquake damage intensity of XI. This aper presents the findings of a post-earthquake reconnaissance field mission carried out by the Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team (The Institution of Structural Engineers, UK) and by the European Laboratory for Structural Assessment of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, through the description of the damage sustained by three of the towns that suffered the largest levels of devastation: Yingxiu Town of Wenchuan County, Hanwang Town of Shifang City, and Beichuan Town of Beichuan County. The work focuses on the description of building performance during and after the disaster, in particular of reinforced concrete frame, reinforced concrete confined masonry, unreinforced and unconfined masonry, industrial, local vernacular and historical buildings. The information and recommendations provided in this paper will be useful for future engineering applications in similar earthquake risk regions.
A devastating earthquake struck the southwestern Chinese province of Sichuan on 12 May 2008, leaving 69 227 dead and 374,643 injured, with 17,923 people still missing five months after the main event. The epicentre of the earthquake was located in Wenchuan County, which triggered a fault rupture length of about 300 km, stretching northeast through Beichuan County and reaching Qingchuan County; many towns on both sides of the fault were severely damaged/destroyed, reaching an earthquake damage intensity of XI. This aper presents the findings of a post-earthquake reconnaissance field mission carried out by the Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team (The Institution of Structural Engineers, UK) and by the European Laboratory for Structural Assessment of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, through the description of the damage sustained by three of the towns that suffered the largest levels of devastation: Yingxiu Town of Wenchuan County, Hanwang Town of Shifang City, and Beichuan Town of Beichuan County. The work focuses on the description of building performance during and after the disaster, in particular of reinforced concrete frame, reinforced concrete confined masonry, unreinforced and unconfined masonry, industrial, local vernacular and historical buildings. The information and recommendations provided in this paper will be useful for future engineering applications in similar earthquake risk regions.
引文
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