LK地区滩海浅层地震勘探采集技术
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摘要
山东LK地区滩海三维Ⅰ区主要为环渤海湾的两栖带和浅海水域,地下勘探目标为第三系煤层,埋藏浅、勘探难度大。海底采煤风险程度高,因此要求地震资料具有高信噪比和高分辨率。根据地表条件和浅层勘探特点,在两栖区采用浅井、小药量激发,确保了浅层资料的分辨率;在浅海水域采用优选的最佳气枪阵列似"点震源"激发,消除了气泡效应,同时采用实时定位和二次定位技术,确保了海上检波器的定位精度。实践表明,该技术特别适用于滩海地区的浅层地震资料采集。
The 3D Ⅰarea in LK, in Shandong Province is mainly located in the tidal zone and shallow water area of the Circum-Berhai Bay. The subsurface exploration targets are coal beds in Tertiary System, which are shallow and difficult to explore. The seismic data must be of high S/N ratio and high resolution because of getting coal from seabed has high risk. According to the features of surface conditions and shallow layer exploration, small charges in shallow wells was used to ensure the high resolution of data in intertidal zone, and the"spot-like source" of optimum air gun array was used to avoid the bubble effects and in the mean time real-time positioning and quadric positioning techniques were applied to ensure to the hydrophones were laid at a acceptable precision in shallow water area. The result from the real work indicates that this technique is especially suitable to the seismic exploration from shallow layers in tidal zone and shallow water area.
The 3D Ⅰarea in LK, in Shandong Province is mainly located in the tidal zone and shallow water area of the Circum-Berhai Bay. The subsurface exploration targets are coal beds in Tertiary System, which are shallow and difficult to explore. The seismic data must be of high S/N ratio and high resolution because of getting coal from seabed has high risk. According to the features of surface conditions and shallow layer exploration, small charges in shallow wells was used to ensure the high resolution of data in intertidal zone, and the"spot-like source" of optimum air gun array was used to avoid the bubble effects and in the mean time real-time positioning and quadric positioning techniques were applied to ensure to the hydrophones were laid at a acceptable precision in shallow water area. The result from the real work indicates that this technique is especially suitable to the seismic exploration from shallow layers in tidal zone and shallow water area.
引文
[1]王振东.浅层地震勘探应用技术.北京:地质出版社,1998
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[4]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[5]於国平.海洋地震空气枪系统子波测试标准及方法.物探装备,2001,11(1):21￣26
[6]曾湘轶等.浅析海底电缆地震作业二次定位系统.石油地球物理勘探物探,2001,36(2):220￣226
[7]杨惊涛,朱伟强,秦豹.海上二次定位技术的研究与应用.石油物探,2002,41(增刊):67￣69
[2]高霞,魏文博等.小型冲击叠加震源及应用效果.勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(4):290￣295
[3]俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[4]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[5]於国平.海洋地震空气枪系统子波测试标准及方法.物探装备,2001,11(1):21￣26
[6]曾湘轶等.浅析海底电缆地震作业二次定位系统.石油地球物理勘探物探,2001,36(2):220￣226
[7]杨惊涛,朱伟强,秦豹.海上二次定位技术的研究与应用.石油物探,2002,41(增刊):67￣69
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