基于视频图像处理技术的振动台试验动态位移测量方法
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摘要
动态位移是振动台试验中的重要测量参数,由于受到测量条件的限制,常规的接触式动态位移测量方法往往难以实施。文中基于数字图像处理技术研究了振动台试验中动态位移的非接触式测量方法并开发了相应的程序。首先,使用数码摄像机获取结构上人工标靶的视频图像;然后,利用视频图像处理程序对采集到的图像进行处理,实现测点位置的自动识别与跟踪,从而得到测点位移的动态时程曲线。将该方法应用于某桥梁振动台试验中,较为简便的实现了板式橡胶支座变形和滑动位移参数的测量,且达到了较高的测量精度。
The dynamic displacement of the structure in shaking table test is an important measurement parameter.Usually because of the limited conditions,the contact-type displacement methods are used difficultly.In this paper,a dynamic displacement measurement method based on the technology of videos processing was studied and the corresponding program was developed.First,the symbol points attached to the tested structure are captured by the digital video camera.Second,the video images are processed to recognize and track the symbol points.Then the displacement curves in time domain are acquired.In a bridge-model shaking test,the deformation and sliding displacement of the laminated rubber bearings are measured with the proposed method.The results show that the method is easily operated and has a high measure precision.
The dynamic displacement of the structure in shaking table test is an important measurement parameter.Usually because of the limited conditions,the contact-type displacement methods are used difficultly.In this paper,a dynamic displacement measurement method based on the technology of videos processing was studied and the corresponding program was developed.First,the symbol points attached to the tested structure are captured by the digital video camera.Second,the video images are processed to recognize and track the symbol points.Then the displacement curves in time domain are acquired.In a bridge-model shaking test,the deformation and sliding displacement of the laminated rubber bearings are measured with the proposed method.The results show that the method is easily operated and has a high measure precision.
引文
[1]王树根.摄影测量原理与应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2009.WANG Shugen.Principles and applications of photogrammetry[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2009.
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[4]张德丰.MATLAB数字图像处理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.ZHANG Defeng.MATLAB digital image processing[M].Beijing:Mechanical Industry Press,2009.
[5]马永欣,郑山锁.结构试验[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.MA Yongxin,ZHENG Shansuo.Structural testing[M].Beijing:Science Press,2001.
[6]孙宏琦,施维颖,巨永锋.利用中值滤波进行图像处理[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2003,23(2):104-106.SUN Hongqi,SHI Weiying,JU Yongfeng.Image processing with medium value filter[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edi-ton).2003,23(2):104-106.
[7]王解先,季凯敏.工业测量拟合[M].北京:测绘出版社,2008.WANG Jiexian,JI Kaimin.Industrial measurement fitting[M].Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Press,2008.
[8]范立础,聂利英.地震作用下板式橡胶支座滑动的动力性能分析[J].中国公路学报,2003,16(4):30-35.FAN Lichu,NIE Liying.Dynamic characteristic analysis of laminated rubber bearing sliding under earthquake[J].China Joural of Highway andTransport,2003,16(4):30-35.
[2]冯文灏.近景摄影测量-物体外形与运动状态的摄影法测定[M].武汉大学出版社,2002.FENG Wenhao.Close-range photogrammetry-object contour and state of motion determinated whit photogrammetry[M].Wuhan:Wuhan UniversityPress,2002.
[3]罗洪斌,赵文光.CCD图像监测系统应用于桥梁结构检测[J].华中科技大学学报,2006,23(1):91-96.LUO Hongbin,ZHAO Wenguang.Application of CCD image monitoring system in detecting bridge structure[J].Huazhong University of Scienceand Technology,2006,23(1):91-96.
[4]张德丰.MATLAB数字图像处理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.ZHANG Defeng.MATLAB digital image processing[M].Beijing:Mechanical Industry Press,2009.
[5]马永欣,郑山锁.结构试验[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.MA Yongxin,ZHENG Shansuo.Structural testing[M].Beijing:Science Press,2001.
[6]孙宏琦,施维颖,巨永锋.利用中值滤波进行图像处理[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2003,23(2):104-106.SUN Hongqi,SHI Weiying,JU Yongfeng.Image processing with medium value filter[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edi-ton).2003,23(2):104-106.
[7]王解先,季凯敏.工业测量拟合[M].北京:测绘出版社,2008.WANG Jiexian,JI Kaimin.Industrial measurement fitting[M].Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Press,2008.
[8]范立础,聂利英.地震作用下板式橡胶支座滑动的动力性能分析[J].中国公路学报,2003,16(4):30-35.FAN Lichu,NIE Liying.Dynamic characteristic analysis of laminated rubber bearing sliding under earthquake[J].China Joural of Highway andTransport,2003,16(4):30-35.
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