汾西矿区地应力测试与分析
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摘要
采用小孔径水压致裂地应力测量装置在汾西矿区进行了7个煤矿、24个测点的地应力测量.实测数据表明,汾西矿区地应力场有两种类型:σH>vσ>hσ及vσ>σH>hσ.埋藏相对较深的井区水平应力占明显优势,具有典型的构造应力场特征;所测区域属于低及中等地应力值矿区;最大与最小水平主应力值基本随埋藏深度的增加而增大.但部分测点存在明显的离散性;有些矿井最大水平主应力方向比较一致.但也有些矿井由于开采深度不同,地质构造分布与煤岩性质存在较大差异而出现明显的离散性.基于实测数据,采用回归方法得出地应力与埋藏深度的关系;分析了水平主应力与垂直主应力的比值随埋藏深度的变化.将地应力测量结果应用于巷道支护设计,显著提高了设计的合理性与可靠性,巷道支护状况得到明显改善.
24 points of stress measurements have been finished in 7 coal mines of Fenxi coal mining area by means of the hydrofracturing stress measurement rig with small borehole.The stress measurement data shows that there are two types of ground stress fields in Fenxi coal mining area,i.e.σH>σv>σh and σv>σH>σh the stress fields in deeper coal mines are dominated by horizontal stresses with typical features of tectonic stress fields;The magnitude of the stresses is low to moderate value;The maximum and minimum horizontal principal stresses increase with the increase of buried depth on the whole,but there are obvious dispersion for some testing points.The orientations of the maximum horizontal principal stresses are consistent in some coal mines,but there are great differences in other coal mines because of different mining depths,geological structures,and lithological properties.Based on the field data,The relation between stresses and buried depth is obtained by regression method,the variations for the specific value of the horizontal principal stresses to the vertical stresses with buried depth are analyzed.The stress measurement results have been applied to roadway supporting design,which remarkably increased the rationality and reliability of the design and distinctly improved the roadway supporting state.
24 points of stress measurements have been finished in 7 coal mines of Fenxi coal mining area by means of the hydrofracturing stress measurement rig with small borehole.The stress measurement data shows that there are two types of ground stress fields in Fenxi coal mining area,i.e.σH>σv>σh and σv>σH>σh the stress fields in deeper coal mines are dominated by horizontal stresses with typical features of tectonic stress fields;The magnitude of the stresses is low to moderate value;The maximum and minimum horizontal principal stresses increase with the increase of buried depth on the whole,but there are obvious dispersion for some testing points.The orientations of the maximum horizontal principal stresses are consistent in some coal mines,but there are great differences in other coal mines because of different mining depths,geological structures,and lithological properties.Based on the field data,The relation between stresses and buried depth is obtained by regression method,the variations for the specific value of the horizontal principal stresses to the vertical stresses with buried depth are analyzed.The stress measurement results have been applied to roadway supporting design,which remarkably increased the rationality and reliability of the design and distinctly improved the roadway supporting state.
引文
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[2]KLEE G,RUMMEL F,WILLIAMS A.Hydraulicfracturing stress measurement in Hongkong[J].In-ternational Journal of Rock Mechanics and MiningSciences,1999,36:731-741.
[3]蔡美峰.地应力测量原理与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[4]康红普,王金华.煤巷锚杆支护理论与成套技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2007:36-51.
[5]康红普,林健.我国巷道围岩地质力学测试技术新进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2001,29(7):27-30.KANG Hong-pu,LINJian.Newdevelopment in ge-omechanics measurement and test technology of mineroadway surrounding rock[J].Coal Science andTechnology,2001,29(7):27-30.
[6]康红普,林健,张晓.深部矿井地应力测量方法研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):929-933.KANG Hong-pu,LINJian,ZHANG Xiao.Researchand application of in-situ stress measurement in deepmines[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2007,26(5):929-933.
[7]康红普,林健.煤巷锚杆支护成套技术在潞安矿区的应用[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(增刊):106-110.KANG Hong-pu,LIN Jian.Application of unitizedrock bolting technique for roadways in seamin Lu’ancoal area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2001,26(Supp):106-110.
[8]刘允芳,刘元坤.水压致裂法三维地应力测量方法的研究[J].地壳形变与地震,1999,19(3):64-71.LI U Yun-fang,LI U Yuan-kun.Study on 3Dgeostress determining method with hydrofracturingtechnique[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,1999,19(3):64-71.
[9]蒲文龙,张宏伟,郭守泉.深部地应力实测与巷道稳定性研究[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2005,22(1):49-51.PU Wen-long,ZHANG Hong-wei,GUO Shou-quan.Crustal stress measurement and stability of thetunnel to survey[J].Ground Pressure and StrataControl,2005,22(1):49-51.
[10]张延新,蔡美峰,王克忠.平顶山一矿地应力分布特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(23):4033-4037.ZHANG Yan-xin,CAI Mei-feng,WANG Ke-zhong.Study on distribution characteristics of in-si-tu stresses for Pingdingshan No.1 mine[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(23):4033-4037.
[11]郭树贵.巷道地应力测量及在锚杆支护中的应用[J].煤矿开采,2004,9(4):41-42.GUO Shu-gui.Survey of earth stress and its appli-cation on bolt supporting in roadway[J].Coal Min-ing Technology,2004,9(4):41-42.
[12]张晓.小孔径水压致裂地应力测量技术研究及现场应用[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2004.
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