压制多次波的正交多项式谱减法
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摘要
本文提出了一种新的压制多次波的正交多项式谱减法.将地震资料经过正交多项式变换,其高阶系数谱主要体现了多次波特征.根据多次波低阶系数谱与高阶系数谱之间的关系,估计出多次波的低阶系数谱,从地震记录正交多项式系数谱中减去多次波的系数谱得到一次波的正交多项式系数谱.该方法较好地解决了一次波和多次波在正交多项式谱混叠的问题,尤其在近偏移距有效地分离了多次波和一次波,同时能够较好地保护地震信号中的 AVO(amplitude versus offset,振幅随偏移距变化)信息.人工合成数据处理结果表明了所提出方法的有效性.
Based on orthogonal polynomial spectrum subtraction,a new multiple suppression method is proposed.In the orthogonal polynomial spectrum of seismic data,the high order coefficients mainly present the multiple.By using the relationship between the low order and the high order coefficients,the low order coefficients of multiple can be derived from high order ones. By subtracting from the orthogonal polynomial spectrum of the seismic data,multiple orthogonal polynomial spectrums are removed from the seismic data.The method can separate primaries and multiples especially in near offset,which are overlapping in orthogonal polynomial spectrum,and the AVO properties are also preserved.The processing of synthetic data shows good results.
Based on orthogonal polynomial spectrum subtraction,a new multiple suppression method is proposed.In the orthogonal polynomial spectrum of seismic data,the high order coefficients mainly present the multiple.By using the relationship between the low order and the high order coefficients,the low order coefficients of multiple can be derived from high order ones. By subtracting from the orthogonal polynomial spectrum of the seismic data,multiple orthogonal polynomial spectrums are removed from the seismic data.The method can separate primaries and multiples especially in near offset,which are overlapping in orthogonal polynomial spectrum,and the AVO properties are also preserved.The processing of synthetic data shows good results.
引文
[1] 王维红,崔宝文,刘洪.表面多次波衰减的研究现状与进展.地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :156～164 Wang W H,Cui B W.Liu H.Research progress in surface-related multiple attenuation.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese).2007． 22(1) :156～164
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[3] 牛滨华.孙春岩,张中杰等.多项式Radon变换.地球物理学报,2001． 44(2) :263～271 Niu B H.Sun C Y,Zhang Z J,et al.Polynomial Radon transform.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001． 44(2) :263～271
[4] Wang Y.Multiple subtraction using an expanded multichannel matching filter.Geophysics,2003,68(1) :346～354
[5] Spitz S.Pattern recognition,spatial predictivity,and subtraction of multiple events.The Leading Edge,1999,18(1) :55～59
[6] Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J,Wapenaar C P A.Adaptive surface related multiple elimination.Geophysics,1992． 57(5) :1166～1177
[7] Luo Y,Kelamis P G,Wang Y.Simultaneous inversion of multiples and primaries:inversion versus subtraction.The Leading Edge.2003,22(9) :814～819
[8] 陆文凯,骆毅,赵波等.基于独立分量分析的多次波自适应相减技术.地球物理学报,2004,47(5) :886～891 Lu W K.Luo Y,Zhao B.et al.Adaptive multiple wave subtraction using independent component analysis.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2004． 47(5) :886～891
[9] Foster J,Charles C.Suppression of multiple reflections using the Radon transform.Geophysics,I992,57(3) :386～395
[10] 刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率 Radon 变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1) :8～15 Liu X W,Liu H,Li Y M.High resolution Radon transform and its application in seismic signal processing.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(1) :8～15
[11] Taner M T.Long-period sea-floor multiples and their suppression.Geophysical Prospecting,1980,28:30～48
[12] Steven B.Suppression of acoustic noise in speech using spectral subtraction.IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing,1979,27(2) :113～120
[13] Johansen T A,Brulan L,Lutro J.Tracking the AVO by using orthogonal polynomials.Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43:245～261
[14] 李庆忠.用剔除拟和法求纵波正入射剖面--一种取代水平叠加的处理技术.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2) :147～167 Li Q Z.Producing a normal-incident P-wave section by deletion fitting method:a processing technique for replacing horizontal stack.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1995,30(2) :147～167
[15] 薛亚茹,陆文凯,陈小宏等.基于正交多项式的高精度零炮检距地震道拟合.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2) :213～216 Xue Y R,Lu W K,Chen X H.et al.High-precision zero-offset seismic trace fitting based on orthogonal polynomials.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2008,43(2) :213～216
[2] 胡天跃,王润秋,White R E.地震资料处理中的聚束滤波方法.地球物理学报,2000,43(1) :105～115 Hu T Y.Wang R Q,White R E.Beamforming in seismic data processing.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(1) :105～115
[3] 牛滨华.孙春岩,张中杰等.多项式Radon变换.地球物理学报,2001． 44(2) :263～271 Niu B H.Sun C Y,Zhang Z J,et al.Polynomial Radon transform.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001． 44(2) :263～271
[4] Wang Y.Multiple subtraction using an expanded multichannel matching filter.Geophysics,2003,68(1) :346～354
[5] Spitz S.Pattern recognition,spatial predictivity,and subtraction of multiple events.The Leading Edge,1999,18(1) :55～59
[6] Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J,Wapenaar C P A.Adaptive surface related multiple elimination.Geophysics,1992． 57(5) :1166～1177
[7] Luo Y,Kelamis P G,Wang Y.Simultaneous inversion of multiples and primaries:inversion versus subtraction.The Leading Edge.2003,22(9) :814～819
[8] 陆文凯,骆毅,赵波等.基于独立分量分析的多次波自适应相减技术.地球物理学报,2004,47(5) :886～891 Lu W K.Luo Y,Zhao B.et al.Adaptive multiple wave subtraction using independent component analysis.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese).2004． 47(5) :886～891
[9] Foster J,Charles C.Suppression of multiple reflections using the Radon transform.Geophysics,I992,57(3) :386～395
[10] 刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率 Radon 变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1) :8～15 Liu X W,Liu H,Li Y M.High resolution Radon transform and its application in seismic signal processing.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(1) :8～15
[11] Taner M T.Long-period sea-floor multiples and their suppression.Geophysical Prospecting,1980,28:30～48
[12] Steven B.Suppression of acoustic noise in speech using spectral subtraction.IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing,1979,27(2) :113～120
[13] Johansen T A,Brulan L,Lutro J.Tracking the AVO by using orthogonal polynomials.Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43:245～261
[14] 李庆忠.用剔除拟和法求纵波正入射剖面--一种取代水平叠加的处理技术.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2) :147～167 Li Q Z.Producing a normal-incident P-wave section by deletion fitting method:a processing technique for replacing horizontal stack.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1995,30(2) :147～167
[15] 薛亚茹,陆文凯,陈小宏等.基于正交多项式的高精度零炮检距地震道拟合.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2) :213～216 Xue Y R,Lu W K,Chen X H.et al.High-precision zero-offset seismic trace fitting based on orthogonal polynomials.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2008,43(2) :213～216
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