四川盆地碳酸盐岩地区地震勘探技术难点及对策探讨
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摘要
四川盆地经过几十年勘探、开发已成为重要的天然气工业基地 ,碳酸盐岩地层为主要油、气产层。在四川山区针对碳酸盐岩储层开展地震勘探取得丰富成果 ,但也面临诸多技术难点。将其归纳为五点 :①碳酸盐岩出露区地震资料采集难 ;②薄碳酸盐岩地层及波阻抗差微弱的储层界面反射成像难 ;③碳酸盐岩储层横向预测难 ;④特殊油气储集体预测难 ;⑤碳酸盐岩储层含油、气、水判别难。文章分析了这些难点形成的原因 ;提出了解决技术难点的思路 ;讨论了关于理论研究 ;高陡构造深化勘探及野外资料采集 ;地震资料处理技术 ;新技术、新方法的研制、应用和推广 ;多学科、多工种资料的综合应用以及提高勘探成功率等问题。
Sichuan Basin has become an important natural gas industry base through an exploration and development for few tens of years and the major oil and gas producing strata are composed of carbonate rocks.By carrying out mountainous area seismic exploration for carbonate reservoirs in Sichuan Basin,abundant achievements have been obtained and many difficulties have been encountered also.These difficulties may be summarized as the following five aspects:①being difficult of seismic data acquisition in exposed carbonate rock areas;②being difficult of imaging by reflection at the interfaces of thin carbonate formations and the reservoir beds with little wave impedance differences;③being difficult of laterally forecasting the change of carbonate reservoir beds;④being difficult of forecasting special reservoir bodies;and ⑤ being difficult of distinguishing the oil ,gas and water bearing layers in carbonate reservoirs.In the paper,the reasons of forming these difficulties are analyzed;some thoughts of solving these technical difficulties are proposed;and the relevant theoretic research,deepening high steep structures exploration and field data acquisition,seismic data processing techniques,the development,application and popularization of new techniques and new methods,a synthetic application of multiple disciplines and multiple techniques and enhancing exploration success ratio,etc.,are discussed.
Sichuan Basin has become an important natural gas industry base through an exploration and development for few tens of years and the major oil and gas producing strata are composed of carbonate rocks.By carrying out mountainous area seismic exploration for carbonate reservoirs in Sichuan Basin,abundant achievements have been obtained and many difficulties have been encountered also.These difficulties may be summarized as the following five aspects:①being difficult of seismic data acquisition in exposed carbonate rock areas;②being difficult of imaging by reflection at the interfaces of thin carbonate formations and the reservoir beds with little wave impedance differences;③being difficult of laterally forecasting the change of carbonate reservoir beds;④being difficult of forecasting special reservoir bodies;and ⑤ being difficult of distinguishing the oil ,gas and water bearing layers in carbonate reservoirs.In the paper,the reasons of forming these difficulties are analyzed;some thoughts of solving these technical difficulties are proposed;and the relevant theoretic research,deepening high steep structures exploration and field data acquisition,seismic data processing techniques,the development,application and popularization of new techniques and new methods,a synthetic application of multiple disciplines and multiple techniques and enhancing exploration success ratio,etc.,are discussed.
引文
1 李学义 .四川盆地油气地震勘探现状及前景展望 .天然气工业 ,1 998;1 8( 6)
2 林毅仁 .四川山地地震勘探及主要技术应用 .海相油气地质 ,1 997;( 3)
2 林毅仁 .四川山地地震勘探及主要技术应用 .海相油气地质 ,1 997;( 3)
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