断层冲击相似模拟微震信号频谱分析
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摘要
以济三煤矿6303工作面地质条件为背景,进行了断层冲击矿压相似模拟试验研究。利用TDS-6微震采集系统记录了试验过程微震信号,通过对微震信号频谱分析,并结合采动过程中矿压显现特征,总结提炼出断层滑移失稳微震信号的重要波形特征。试验结果表明:采动作用可诱发断层滑移失稳,如果断层围岩系统处于临界应力状态,则很小的扰动就能引起断层滑移失稳。冲击震动波传播遇到断层等不连续面时发生反射、折射,震动波部分或者完全不能穿过断层,导致在断层的另一盘监测不到震动信号。而断层滑移失稳是断层两盘发生的突然相对错动。因此,断层两盘是否监测到明显的震动信号,可以作为断层发生活化的判据。这一结论对于利用微震监测系统监测预报断层冲击矿压具有一定的借鉴意义。
According to the geological conditions of Face No 6303 in Jining No 3 coalmine,the similar simulation test of fault rock burst was carried out.The microseismic(MS) signals were recorded by the TDS-6 MS test system.The character of MS signal waveform caused by fault slip destabilization was summarized and abstracted by using the frequency spectrum analysis method and combining with the character of abutment pressure in the process of test.The results indicate that the fault slip destabilization can be induced by coal mining operation,the fault slip destabilization will happen with even a small tremor if the fault and its surrounding rock system are in a critical state of stress equilibrium.The shock wave propagation will be reflected,refracted and absorbed by the discontinuity,such as fault plane.These make the shock wave can't go through the fault and can't be monitored in the other plate.A fault slip destabilization is a phenomenon of sudden slip between upper plate and lower plate of the fault.Based on the results,whether the clear MS signals can be monitored at two plates of fault can be a criterion of fault activity.This conclusion will generate considerable important directive significance for monitoring and forecasting the hazard of fault rock burst with MS monitoring system in coalmines.
According to the geological conditions of Face No 6303 in Jining No 3 coalmine,the similar simulation test of fault rock burst was carried out.The microseismic(MS) signals were recorded by the TDS-6 MS test system.The character of MS signal waveform caused by fault slip destabilization was summarized and abstracted by using the frequency spectrum analysis method and combining with the character of abutment pressure in the process of test.The results indicate that the fault slip destabilization can be induced by coal mining operation,the fault slip destabilization will happen with even a small tremor if the fault and its surrounding rock system are in a critical state of stress equilibrium.The shock wave propagation will be reflected,refracted and absorbed by the discontinuity,such as fault plane.These make the shock wave can't go through the fault and can't be monitored in the other plate.A fault slip destabilization is a phenomenon of sudden slip between upper plate and lower plate of the fault.Based on the results,whether the clear MS signals can be monitored at two plates of fault can be a criterion of fault activity.This conclusion will generate considerable important directive significance for monitoring and forecasting the hazard of fault rock burst with MS monitoring system in coalmines.
引文
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[2]窦林名,何学秋.冲击矿压防治理论与技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2001.
[3]窦林名.煤矿开采冲击矿压灾害防治[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2006.
[4]李志华.断层滑移诱发煤岩冲击机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2006.
[5]彭苏萍,孟召平,李玉林.断层对顶板稳定性影响相似模拟试验研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2001,29(3):1-4.PENG Su-ping,MENG Zhao-ping,LI Yu-lin.Influence of faults on coal roof stability by physical modeling study[J].CoalGeology&Exploration,2001,29(3):1-4.
[6]勾攀峰,胡有光.断层附近回采巷道顶板岩层运动特征研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(3):285-288.GOU Pan-feng,HU You-guang.Effect of faults on movement of roof rock strata in gateway[J].Journal of Mining&SafetyEngineering,2006,23(3):285-288.
[7]姜福兴,XUN Luo.微震监测技术在矿井岩层破裂监测中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):147-149.JIANG Fu-xing,XUN Luo.Application of microseismic monitoring technology of strata fracturingin underground coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(2):147-149.
[8]李志华,窦林名,管向清,等.矿震前兆分区监测方法及应用[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(5):614-618.LI Zhi-hua,DOU Lin-ming,GUAN Xiang-qing,et al.Azoning monitoring method of microseismic premonition andits appli-cation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(5):614-618.
[9]姜福兴,杨淑华,成云海,等.煤矿冲击地压的微地震监测研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1511-1516.JIANG Fu-xing,YANG Shu-hua,CHENG Yun-hai,et al.Astudy on microseismic monitoring of rock burst in coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysic,2006,49(5):1511-1516.
[10]LI T,CAI M F,CAI M.Areview of mining-induced seismicity in china[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics andMining Sciences,2007,44(8):1149-1171.
[11]LESNIAK A,ISAKOW Z.Space-ti me clustering of seismic events and hazard assessment in the Zabrze-Bielszowice coalmine,Poland[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(5):918-928.
[12]ALBER M,FRITSCHEN R,BISCHOFF M,et al.Rock mechanical investigations of seismic events in a deep longwall coalmine[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(2):408-420.
[13]Mansurov V A.Prediction of rockbursts by analysis of induced seismicity data[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences,2001,38(6):893-901.
[14]陆菜平,窦林名,吴兴荣,等.煤岩冲击前兆微震频谱演变规律的试验与实证研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(3):519-525.LU Cai-ping,DOU Lin-ming,WU Xing-rong,et al.Experi mental and empirical research on frequency-spectrumevolvementrule of rockburst precursory microseismic signals of coal-rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(3):519-525.
[15]顾大钊.相似材料和相似模型[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1995.
[16]张诚.地震分析基础[M].北京:地震出版社,1988.
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