幔羽现象与地震电磁流体效应的可能联系——电磁流体效应和平面电流模型
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摘要
综合分析了 2 0世纪 70年代以来发生在中国的 14个强震前地磁和地下流体参量动态图像的时空演化特征 ,发现强震前这些参量均呈现十分明显的异常图形。这些图像十分复杂 ,且随时间不断变化 ,并与孕震过程有某种时空规律性联系。 90年代地学家通过地震资料分析发现了幔羽现象。笔者设想核幔边界的幔羽磁流体物质上涌是地震电磁流体效应的一种可能成因。幔羽中的流体物质螺旋上涌至地壳的底部 ,并形成“蘑菇云”。流体在地壳中扩展或挤压 ,形成异常电流 ,可将其看作在孕震区地下 10 2 0km深处有一等效平面电流。再考虑到近地表的电磁环境———电离层电流体系的局部异常 ,计算了一个地下和电离层组成的等效平面电流模型在地面产生的磁场分布 ,结果与强震前地球磁场的零等变型异常动态图像较吻合。
From synthesizing the spatial and temporal pattern of anomalous dynamic images for the parameters of geomagnetic field and underground fluid for 14 strong earthquake cases occurred in China since 1970,the authors found that those parameters reveal obvious anomalous images which are very complex and changeable,and bear a regular relation with seismogenic process In the 1990’s geo scientists, through the processing of seismic data, discovered the phenomenon of mantle plumes at the core mantle boundary The authors ,from the above results and the mantle plume phenomenon, put forward that the surging up of hydromagnetic mass at the core mantle boundary leads to seismo hydromagnetic effect possibly It is imagined that the fluid mass in the conductive mantle plumes gush up spirally to the lower part of the crust and from the mushroom cloud Then, the fluid expanded or compressed in the crust So, there is an equivalent planar current at a depth of between 10 and 20 km in the seismogenic region Taking into consideration of the local anomaly of the ionospheric current system—the nearest electromagnetic environment—to the earth surface, the distribution of magnetic field by a planar current model in the seismogenic region has been calculated which coincided to a certain degree with the dynamic image of zero isoporic geomagnetic field prior to strong earthquakes
From synthesizing the spatial and temporal pattern of anomalous dynamic images for the parameters of geomagnetic field and underground fluid for 14 strong earthquake cases occurred in China since 1970,the authors found that those parameters reveal obvious anomalous images which are very complex and changeable,and bear a regular relation with seismogenic process In the 1990’s geo scientists, through the processing of seismic data, discovered the phenomenon of mantle plumes at the core mantle boundary The authors ,from the above results and the mantle plume phenomenon, put forward that the surging up of hydromagnetic mass at the core mantle boundary leads to seismo hydromagnetic effect possibly It is imagined that the fluid mass in the conductive mantle plumes gush up spirally to the lower part of the crust and from the mushroom cloud Then, the fluid expanded or compressed in the crust So, there is an equivalent planar current at a depth of between 10 and 20 km in the seismogenic region Taking into consideration of the local anomaly of the ionospheric current system—the nearest electromagnetic environment—to the earth surface, the distribution of magnetic field by a planar current model in the seismogenic region has been calculated which coincided to a certain degree with the dynamic image of zero isoporic geomagnetic field prior to strong earthquakes
引文
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[2 ] 曾小苹 ,林云芳 地磁短周期变化异常对中国中强地震的响应 [J] 地震 ,1995 (1) :2 9 36
[3 ] 曾小苹 ,林云芳 ,续春荣 ,等 地磁方法预报灾害 [A] 联合国“地磁方法研讨会”专用教材 [Z] 北京 :联合国经济与社会事务署 (纽约 )和联合国开发计划署 (北京 ) ,1998 113
[4] 曾小苹 ,续春荣 ,赵明 ,等 地球磁场对太阳风的加卸载响应与地震 [J] 地震地磁观测与研究 ,1996 ,17(1) :49 5 3
[5 ] ZENGX ,LINY ,XUC ,etal Localanomaliesoftheload unloadedresponseofthegeomagneticfieldtosolarwindandearthquakesinsouthwestChina[A] HAYAKAWAM AtmosphericandIonosphericElectromagneticPhenomenaAssociatedWithEarthquakes[M] Tokyo :TerraScientificPublishingCompany (TERRAPUB) ,1999 95 10 1
[6 ] 陆原 ,保明堂 ,张世杰 ,等 初探地球内部幔羽现象的导热机制 [J] 云南大学学报 (自然科学版 ) ,1994,16 (2 ) :95 99
[7] GOLDT TerrestrialSourcesofcarbonandearthquakeoutgassing[J] JPetroleumGeology ,1979,1(3) :3 19
[8] 杜乐天 当代地球科学的一项重大前沿课题———幔汁研究[J] 地球科学进展 ,1990 (1) :35
[9] 杜乐天 自然灾害可能的深部流体肇因 [J] 地学前缘 ,1996(4) :2 98 30 4
[10 ] 杜乐天 ,强祖基 地球排气作用与自然灾害 [A] 《流体地球科学进展》编委会 流体地球科学进展 [C] 北京 :地震出版社 ,1999 36 46
[11] 朱永峰 地球的放气作用是全球环境变化的主导因素 [J] 地学前缘 ,1997,4(12 ) :15 2
[12 ] SCHOLZCH ,SYKESLR ,AGGARWALYP Earthquakepredic tion :Aphysicalbasis[J] Science ,1973 ,181:80 3 810
[13] 钱家栋 ,陈有发 地震地电学译文集 [C] 北京 :地震出版社 ,1989 42 7
[14 ] MIZUTANIH ,ISHIDOT Electrokineticphenomenaassociatedwithearthquakes[J] GeophysResLett,1976 ,3(7) :36 5 36 8
[15 ] 祁贵仲 “膨胀”磁效应 [J] 地球物理学报 ,1978,2 1(1) :18 33
[16 ] 林云芳 ,曾小苹 ,续春荣 ,等 地震磁效应的提取方法与预测依据 [J] 地震地磁预测与研究 ,1999,2 0 (1A) :94 10 2
[17] 林云芳 ,曾小苹 ,董玉兰 ,等 华北和东北地区地磁场变化与大地震的关系 [J] 地震学报 ,1988,10 (4) :396 40 5
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