区域震相初至估计
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摘要
本文在地震数据自动化处理中,给出一种基于自回归模型的Akaikeinformationcriteria(AIC)算法和信号平均幅值比的混合方法来估计地震信号的初至.用信号的AIC曲线和平均幅值比曲线构造一种叠加曲线,再进行类似于坐标旋转的校正,可以准确估计低信噪比记录中信号的初至,尤其对于震相类型比较复杂的后续震相(如S波、Lg波)的初至估计结果很好.通过对中国数字地震台网乌鲁木齐台记录到的23次天然地震中P波、S波和Lg波的初至估计,与人工分析结果相比,P波初至估计的均方误差为0.71s,后续震相(S波、Lg波)的均方误差为1.64s,优于传统AIC算法的估计结果.
In automatic processing of seismic records,based on the method of autoregressive Akaike information criteria(AIC) and the amplitude ratio between signal and noise,a hybrid method for estimating arrival time of seismic phase is presented in this paper. Using the curve of AIC and the curve of amplitude ratio a new curve is constracted,which is transformed by a similarly rotation of coordinate.The new curve can accurately estimates arrival time of signal in automatic processing,especially for later phases(such as S-wave,Lg-wave) with low ratio of signal and noise. The arrival times for 23 seismic P-phases and later phases recorded at WMQ station in CDSN are picked by the new method. In comparison of manual result, the root mean square error of P-phase is 0.71 second, and one of later phase is (1.64) second, which is better than the result obtained by traditional AIC algorithm.
In automatic processing of seismic records,based on the method of autoregressive Akaike information criteria(AIC) and the amplitude ratio between signal and noise,a hybrid method for estimating arrival time of seismic phase is presented in this paper. Using the curve of AIC and the curve of amplitude ratio a new curve is constracted,which is transformed by a similarly rotation of coordinate.The new curve can accurately estimates arrival time of signal in automatic processing,especially for later phases(such as S-wave,Lg-wave) with low ratio of signal and noise. The arrival times for 23 seismic P-phases and later phases recorded at WMQ station in CDSN are picked by the new method. In comparison of manual result, the root mean square error of P-phase is 0.71 second, and one of later phase is (1.64) second, which is better than the result obtained by traditional AIC algorithm.
引文
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[2] AllenRV.Automaticphasepickers:theirpresentuseandfutureprospects[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1982,72:s225—242.
[3] GSE/JAPAN/40.AFullyAutomatedMethodforDeterminingtheArrivalTimesofSeismicWavesanditsApplicationtoanon-lineProcessingSystem[R].In:Papertabledonthe34thGSESession,Geneva,1992.GSE/RF/62.
[4] ChengTong,BrianLNKennett.Automaticseismiceventrecognitionandlaterphaseidentificationforbroadbandseismograms[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1996,86:1896—1909.
[5] MitchellW,RichardA.Acomparisonofselecttriggeralgorithmsforautomatedglobalseismicphaseandeventdetection[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1998,88:95—106.
[6] KanwaldipSA,FaridUD.Wavelettransformmethodsforphaseidentificationinthree-componentseismograms[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1997,87:1598—1612.
[7] Chao-yingBai,BLNKennett.Automaticphase-detectionandidentificationbyfulluseofasinglethree-componentbroadbandseismogram[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2000,90:187—198.
[8] MLeonard.ComparisonofManualandAutomaticOnsetTimePicking[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2000,90:1384—1390.
[9] "IDCProcessingofSeismic,Hydroacousticandinfrasonicdata"[R].IDCDocumentation.http://www.pidc.org.
[10] GSE/NOR/102.AutomaticOnsetTimeEstimationbasedonAutoregressiveProcessing[R].1996.
[11] RichardRL,FaridUD,CraigAS.OptimalfilterparametersforlowSNRseismogramsasafunctionofstationandeventlocation[J].PhysicsoftheEarthandPlanetaryInteriors,1999,113,213—226.
[12] 宗孔德,胡广书.数字信号处理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1988.
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