山西5起小煤矿瓦斯爆炸与青海8.1级地震有关吗?
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摘要
地球深部活动会导致地壳变形和断裂,从而诱发地震;地球深部活动还会加剧幔源气体释放并向地表及大气圈扩散,其中包括氢气释放;自然中的煤不仅自身产生氢气,还可能捕集来自深部的氢气,并在开采过程中释放,从而可能出现氢气诱发的煤矿瓦斯爆炸。2001年11月13日至22日,山西阳泉等地点相继发生了5起煤矿瓦斯爆炸及多次余爆事件;11月14日17时26分,在昆仑山区域发生了里氏8.1级强地震,直至11月23日相继发生多起5级以上的余震。这样巧合的看似独立的事件是否通过氢气释放活动而存在某种内在的必然联系,应成为科学家共同关心的课题。
Hydrogen gas (H_2) is found in coal rocks by the author's previous works and it has possibility of triggering therisks of gas explosion and coal-and-gas outburst at underground-mining location. Part of the H_2 comes directly from the coal byits chemical evolution and the rest is probably contributed by the earth degassing. In seismology, there is such close relationbetween the earth degassing and the earthquakes that the idea of the earth degassing has served to promote impending earth-quake prediction. "13/11" continual accidents of five mining-gas explosions, happening in Shanxi coalfield, initially on thir-teenth of November in 2001, might resonate with "14/11" violent earthquake (Ms = 8.1) which occurred on the next day in themiddle of Kunlun Mountains, and that possible anomalous emission of the gases from deep earth might be primitive source ofthe resonance.
Hydrogen gas (H_2) is found in coal rocks by the author's previous works and it has possibility of triggering therisks of gas explosion and coal-and-gas outburst at underground-mining location. Part of the H_2 comes directly from the coal byits chemical evolution and the rest is probably contributed by the earth degassing. In seismology, there is such close relationbetween the earth degassing and the earthquakes that the idea of the earth degassing has served to promote impending earth-quake prediction. "13/11" continual accidents of five mining-gas explosions, happening in Shanxi coalfield, initially on thir-teenth of November in 2001, might resonate with "14/11" violent earthquake (Ms = 8.1) which occurred on the next day in themiddle of Kunlun Mountains, and that possible anomalous emission of the gases from deep earth might be primitive source ofthe resonance.
引文
1 Liang Handong. A probe of the mechanism of the outburst of coal and gas on hydrogen geochemistry. Procs 14th Ann Int Pittsburgh Coal Conference & Workshop, Taiyuan, Sept. 23--27, 1997, Session P1, 6:5
2 梁汉东.超高硫煤的二次离子质谱:多硫离子的发现及其意义.科学通报,1998;43:2685-2661
3 Liang Handong. Secondary ion mass spectrometry of high-sulfur coal: observation and interpretation of poly-sulfur ions. Chinese Bcience Bulletin, 1999; 44: 1242--1245
4 梁汉东,张桃英,冯久舟,等.从高硫煤的抽提物和残渣中检测元素硫.燃料化学学报,2000;28(6) :493-495
5 梁汉东.超高硫煤有机相中的元素硫与铁复合物的证据.燃料化学学报,2001;29(2) :108-110
6 梁汉东.中国典型超高硫煤有机相中分子氯存在的实验证据.燃料化学学报,2001;29(5) :386--389
7 张铭杰,王先彬,李立武.地幔流体组成.地学前缘,2000;7:401-412
8 王先彬,李春园,陈践发.论非生物成因天然气.科学通报,1997;42:1233-1241
9 杜乐天.地球排气作用--建立整体地球科学的一条统纲.地学前缘,2000;7:381-390
10 强祖基,杜乐天.地球排气作用与森林火灾和地震活动.地学前缘,2001;8:235-245
11 Vankrevelen D W. Coal: typology, physics, chemistry, constitution, 3rd. New York: Elsevier, 1993;a: 173--192, b:225--248, c:447--451
12 梁汉东.井下煤岩钻削气体中分子氢的发现与意义.中国学术期刊文摘(科技快报),2000;6(10) :1293-1295
13 梁汉东.井下煤岩钻屑释放氢气与瓦斯突出关系初探.煤炭学报,2001;26(6) :637-642
14 梁汉东.突出煤与未突出煤自然状态下分子氢释放的差异.中国学术期刊文摘(科技快报),2000;6(10) :1295-1297
15 梁汉东.煤与瓦斯突出的化学本质:从原理和证据到现场预报途径.见:彭苏萍,程桦.煤矿安全高效开采地质保障体系,北京:煤炭工业出版社,2001:147-157
16 梁汉东.影响煤炭安全性的新因素-分子氢自原煤中发射的现象.矿业安全与环保,2001;28(2) :1-3
17 Grossman S L, David S, Cohen H. Explosion risk during the confined storage of bituminous coal. Fuel, 1995; 74: 1772-1775
18 Suuberg Eric M. Rapid pyrolysis and hydropyrolysis of coal, doctoral dissertation. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA: August, 1977
19 任振球,李均之,曾小苹.大地震临震预测的研究进展.地学前缘,2001;8:217-223
20 强祖基,凭常恭,李玲之,等.卫星热红外像亮温异常--短临震兆中国科学(D),1998;28:564-573
21 陆原,保明堂,张世杰,等.初探地球内部幔羽现象的导热机制.云南大学学报(自然科学版),1994;16(2) :95-99
22 徐道一.大地震发生的网络性质--兼论有关地震预测的争论.地学前缘,2001;8:211-216
2 梁汉东.超高硫煤的二次离子质谱:多硫离子的发现及其意义.科学通报,1998;43:2685-2661
3 Liang Handong. Secondary ion mass spectrometry of high-sulfur coal: observation and interpretation of poly-sulfur ions. Chinese Bcience Bulletin, 1999; 44: 1242--1245
4 梁汉东,张桃英,冯久舟,等.从高硫煤的抽提物和残渣中检测元素硫.燃料化学学报,2000;28(6) :493-495
5 梁汉东.超高硫煤有机相中的元素硫与铁复合物的证据.燃料化学学报,2001;29(2) :108-110
6 梁汉东.中国典型超高硫煤有机相中分子氯存在的实验证据.燃料化学学报,2001;29(5) :386--389
7 张铭杰,王先彬,李立武.地幔流体组成.地学前缘,2000;7:401-412
8 王先彬,李春园,陈践发.论非生物成因天然气.科学通报,1997;42:1233-1241
9 杜乐天.地球排气作用--建立整体地球科学的一条统纲.地学前缘,2000;7:381-390
10 强祖基,杜乐天.地球排气作用与森林火灾和地震活动.地学前缘,2001;8:235-245
11 Vankrevelen D W. Coal: typology, physics, chemistry, constitution, 3rd. New York: Elsevier, 1993;a: 173--192, b:225--248, c:447--451
12 梁汉东.井下煤岩钻削气体中分子氢的发现与意义.中国学术期刊文摘(科技快报),2000;6(10) :1293-1295
13 梁汉东.井下煤岩钻屑释放氢气与瓦斯突出关系初探.煤炭学报,2001;26(6) :637-642
14 梁汉东.突出煤与未突出煤自然状态下分子氢释放的差异.中国学术期刊文摘(科技快报),2000;6(10) :1295-1297
15 梁汉东.煤与瓦斯突出的化学本质:从原理和证据到现场预报途径.见:彭苏萍,程桦.煤矿安全高效开采地质保障体系,北京:煤炭工业出版社,2001:147-157
16 梁汉东.影响煤炭安全性的新因素-分子氢自原煤中发射的现象.矿业安全与环保,2001;28(2) :1-3
17 Grossman S L, David S, Cohen H. Explosion risk during the confined storage of bituminous coal. Fuel, 1995; 74: 1772-1775
18 Suuberg Eric M. Rapid pyrolysis and hydropyrolysis of coal, doctoral dissertation. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA: August, 1977
19 任振球,李均之,曾小苹.大地震临震预测的研究进展.地学前缘,2001;8:217-223
20 强祖基,凭常恭,李玲之,等.卫星热红外像亮温异常--短临震兆中国科学(D),1998;28:564-573
21 陆原,保明堂,张世杰,等.初探地球内部幔羽现象的导热机制.云南大学学报(自然科学版),1994;16(2) :95-99
22 徐道一.大地震发生的网络性质--兼论有关地震预测的争论.地学前缘,2001;8:211-216
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