汶川地震紧急救援应对策略、经验与思考
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摘要
"5·12"汶川地震后,每年的5月12日成为"防灾减灾"日。纪念,不应仅仅停留在对灾难的再次回顾,局限于对逝者的追忆和哀悼以及对救援者的敬意和感激,而是以后在面对地震灾害发生时,应该做什么;在汶川抗震救灾过程中,学到了什么;在灾后重建过程中,应该注意什么。在个人的情感可能经历再一次的震撼与感动的同时,或许只有理性的思考和沉淀的思维,才能够让我们有从灾难中继续前行的力量。基于此,笔者试图总结应对汶川地震灾害的部分成功经验,从地震灾害的应急物资储备、地震危机的应急处理和信息发布机制、地震灾害的科普宣传教育机制和应急法制体系等方面反思抗震救灾中的部分不足,并提出主要对策或建议。
May 12th was taken as the "Disaster Prevention Day"after the Wenchuan Earthquake on May 12th,2008.Commemoration should not only on recall of the disaster,the retrospection and grief of those who died,and the solute and gratefulness on the rescuers,but we should think about what we should do when another earthquake occurs;what we have learned in the process of the rescue in Wenchuan Earthquake;where we should put more effort on in the reconstruction after the disaster.Only the rational thinking and calm consideration can provide a support to go further through the disaster,at the same time our personal emotions may experience another shock and move.The paper summarizes parts of successful experiences,and illustrates the insufficiencies in emergent material storage,action,information release,education and laws,etc,and provide some approaches and suggestions.
May 12th was taken as the "Disaster Prevention Day"after the Wenchuan Earthquake on May 12th,2008.Commemoration should not only on recall of the disaster,the retrospection and grief of those who died,and the solute and gratefulness on the rescuers,but we should think about what we should do when another earthquake occurs;what we have learned in the process of the rescue in Wenchuan Earthquake;where we should put more effort on in the reconstruction after the disaster.Only the rational thinking and calm consideration can provide a support to go further through the disaster,at the same time our personal emotions may experience another shock and move.The paper summarizes parts of successful experiences,and illustrates the insufficiencies in emergent material storage,action,information release,education and laws,etc,and provide some approaches and suggestions.
引文
[1]新华社总编室.中国汶川抗震救灾纪实[M].北京:新华出版社,2008
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[5]郭建军.众志成城勇往直前:直击解放军和武警部队汶川抗震救灾[J].中国人才,2008(10):38-41
[6]陈肇元,钱稼茹.汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报吿[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008
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[8]仇莉,尚金伟.地震应急管理存在的问题及建议[J].中国校外教育:下旬刊,2010(6):14-15
[9]朱煌武.突发性地震灾害危机的预警和应急管理机制[J].灾害学,2004,19(1):76-80
[10]刘雪松,王晓琼.汶川地震的启示:灾害伦理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2009
[11]严利,张凤麟.关于建立突发环境事件应急法制体系的设想[J].资源与产业,2007,9(1):102-104
[2]曲国胜.汶川特大地震专业救援案例[M].北京:地震出版社,2009
[3]文化艺术出版社《国殇》编辑组.国殇:5.12汶川大地震[M].北京:文化艺术出版社,2008
[4]李广俊.对完善地震事件应急救援工作的几点设想[J].四川地震,2008,12(4):1-4
[5]郭建军.众志成城勇往直前:直击解放军和武警部队汶川抗震救灾[J].中国人才,2008(10):38-41
[6]陈肇元,钱稼茹.汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报吿[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008
[7]于运全,姜加林.5.12汶川大地震新闻报道研究[M].北京:外文出版社,2009
[8]仇莉,尚金伟.地震应急管理存在的问题及建议[J].中国校外教育:下旬刊,2010(6):14-15
[9]朱煌武.突发性地震灾害危机的预警和应急管理机制[J].灾害学,2004,19(1):76-80
[10]刘雪松,王晓琼.汶川地震的启示:灾害伦理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2009
[11]严利,张凤麟.关于建立突发环境事件应急法制体系的设想[J].资源与产业,2007,9(1):102-104
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