地震作用下LRB隔震桥梁碰撞临界间隙分析
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摘要
采用LRB隔震支座增大了梁体在地震作用下碰撞的可能性,确定隔震梁桥邻跨间避免地震碰撞的最小间隙对于桥梁减隔震措施的设计有着显著意义。以隔震连续梁桥梁端相对位移为研究对象,通过桥梁结构拆分,运用振型分解法推导梁体在地震作用下相对位移的最大值反应谱计算方法。采用等效双线性铅销橡胶支座模型,通过迭代计算梁端相对位移并分析SRSS和CQC振型组合法适用性。采用非线性时程分析法计算连续梁的相对位移,验证了反应谱方法预测梁端地震临界间隙的可行性。结果表明:地震作用下梁端相对位移与相邻结构的周期和阻尼比有关,梁端采用CQC组合的反应谱方法能较好预测梁体在地震作用下梁体避免碰撞的临界间隙。提出了基于反应谱方法隔震桥梁间隙设计方法,可供设计人员参考。
Girder pounding of bridge isolated with LRB may be occur easily at the exciting of earthquake,determining the critical gap length between adjacent spans to avoid pounding has great significance to seismic isolating design of bridge.Taken the girder end relative displacement of isolated continuous girder bridge as object,through division of bridge,the analysis method using response spectrum for maximum relative displacement between girders in earthquake was derived based on mode analysis method.The equivalent bilinear LRB model and iteration were used to calculate the relative displacement of girder end,and the applicability for SRSS and CQC mode combination method was studied.The relative displacement of continuous girder was calculated using nonlinear time history analysis method,and the feasibility of predicting the critical gap between girders using response spectrum theory was verified.The results show that(1) the relative displacement between adjacent span structures is relative to period and damping ratio of the two adjacent structures;(2) using CQC mode combination method based on response spectrum can easily predict critical gap to avoid pounding when bridge encounter earthquake.Designing method for gap between girders of isolated bridge was put forward and designer can take it as a reference.
Girder pounding of bridge isolated with LRB may be occur easily at the exciting of earthquake,determining the critical gap length between adjacent spans to avoid pounding has great significance to seismic isolating design of bridge.Taken the girder end relative displacement of isolated continuous girder bridge as object,through division of bridge,the analysis method using response spectrum for maximum relative displacement between girders in earthquake was derived based on mode analysis method.The equivalent bilinear LRB model and iteration were used to calculate the relative displacement of girder end,and the applicability for SRSS and CQC mode combination method was studied.The relative displacement of continuous girder was calculated using nonlinear time history analysis method,and the feasibility of predicting the critical gap between girders using response spectrum theory was verified.The results show that(1) the relative displacement between adjacent span structures is relative to period and damping ratio of the two adjacent structures;(2) using CQC mode combination method based on response spectrum can easily predict critical gap to avoid pounding when bridge encounter earthquake.Designing method for gap between girders of isolated bridge was put forward and designer can take it as a reference.
引文
[1]王军文,李建中,范立础.桥梁结构地震碰撞效应及防落梁措施研究现状[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(5):71-75.WANG Junwen,LI Jianzhong,FAN Lichu.State of Art of Cur-rent Studies on the Effect of Seismic Induced Pounding betweenAdjacent Bridge Decks and Falling-off Prevention Measures[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2007,24(5):71-75.
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[10]王统宁.公路桥梁减震伸缩装置研究[D].西安:长安大学,2003.WANG Tongning.Study on Seismic Expansion Joint of HighwayBridges[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2003.
[11]刘健新.公路桥梁减震装置及设计方法研究[R].西安:长安大学,2000.LIU Jianxin.Study on Design Method and Isolated Device forHighway Bridge[R].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2000.
[12]于泳波.减隔震桥梁的空间动力分析及动力试验[D].西安:长安大学,2004.YU Yongbo.3-dimension Dynamic Analysis of Isolation Bridgeand Dynamic Testing[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2004.
[13]孔德怡,李黎,江宜城,等.桥梁隔震设计中几种等效线性化方法比较研究[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(2):73-78.KONG Deyi,LI Li,JIANG Yicheng,et al.Comparative Re-search on Equivalent Linearization Methods in Bridge IsolationDesign[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Researchand Development,2008,25(2):73-78.
[14]中华人民共和国交通部.JTG/T B02-01-2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.P.R.China.Ministry of Communications.JTG/T B02-01-2008Guidelines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges[S].Bei-jing:China Communications Press,2008.
[15]谢旭.桥梁结构地震响应分析与抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006.XIE Xu.Seismic Response and Earthquake Resistant Design ofBridges[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2006.
[2]JENG V,KASAI K,MAISON B F.A Spectral Difference Methodto Estimate Building Separations to Avoid Pounding[J].Earth-quake Spectra,1992,8(2):201-223.
[3]FILIATRAULT A,CERVANTES M.Separation between Build-ings to Avoid Pounding during Earthquakes[J].CanadianJournal of Civil Engineering,1995,22(1):164-179.
[4]PENZIEN J.Evaluation of Building Separation Distance Requiredto Prevent Pounding During Strong Earthquakes[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Structural Dynamics,1997,26(8):849-858.
[5]LIN J H.Separation Distance to Avoid Seismic Pounding of Ad-jacent Buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering and StructuralDynamics,1997,26(3):395-403.
[6]LIN J H,WENG C C.Spectral Analysis on Pounding Probabil-ity of Adjacent Buildings[J].Engineering Structures,2001,23(7):768-778.
[7]HAO H.A Parametric Study of the Required Seating Length forBridge Decks during Earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Structural Dynamics,1998,27(1):91-103.
[8]RUANGRASSAMEE A,KAWASHIMA K.Relative Displace-ment Response Spectra with Pounding Effect[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Structural Dynamics,2001,30(10):1511-1538.
[9]李忠献,岳福青,周莉,等.基于随机振动理论确定桥梁地震碰撞的临界间隙[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(4):156-161.LI Zhongxian,YUE Fuqing,ZHOU Li,et al.Determinationof Critical Gap Length of Seismic Pounding for Bridges Based onRandom Vibration Theory[J].Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,2006,26(4):156-161.
[10]王统宁.公路桥梁减震伸缩装置研究[D].西安:长安大学,2003.WANG Tongning.Study on Seismic Expansion Joint of HighwayBridges[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2003.
[11]刘健新.公路桥梁减震装置及设计方法研究[R].西安:长安大学,2000.LIU Jianxin.Study on Design Method and Isolated Device forHighway Bridge[R].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2000.
[12]于泳波.减隔震桥梁的空间动力分析及动力试验[D].西安:长安大学,2004.YU Yongbo.3-dimension Dynamic Analysis of Isolation Bridgeand Dynamic Testing[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2004.
[13]孔德怡,李黎,江宜城,等.桥梁隔震设计中几种等效线性化方法比较研究[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(2):73-78.KONG Deyi,LI Li,JIANG Yicheng,et al.Comparative Re-search on Equivalent Linearization Methods in Bridge IsolationDesign[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Researchand Development,2008,25(2):73-78.
[14]中华人民共和国交通部.JTG/T B02-01-2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.P.R.China.Ministry of Communications.JTG/T B02-01-2008Guidelines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges[S].Bei-jing:China Communications Press,2008.
[15]谢旭.桥梁结构地震响应分析与抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006.XIE Xu.Seismic Response and Earthquake Resistant Design ofBridges[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2006.
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