南海琼东南盆地天然气水合物稳定域分布特征及资源预测
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摘要
琼东南盆地油气地质显示盆地内具有生物成因和热成因天然气的巨大生成能力和远景 .地震剖面显示盆地内发育有泥底辟和气烟囱、沟通泥底辟和气烟囱与海底的断裂及可能正在活动的天然气冷泉 ,这些特征非常有利于天然气水合物的发育 .通过天然气水合物热力学稳定域预测 ,确定了琼东南盆地天然气水合物的平面和剖面分布特征 .生物成因甲烷水合物分布于水深大于约 6 0 0m的海底 ,稳定带最大厚度约 31 4m ;热成因天然气水合物分布于水深大于约 4 5 0m的海区 ,稳定带最大厚度约 4 1 0m .盆地内天然气水合物远景总量约 1 0× 1 0 9m3,水合物天然气远景为 1 .6× 1 0 1 2 m3.
Oil and gas prospecting in the Qiongdongnan basin of the South China Sea indicates the potential of plenitudinous natural gases. Seismic sections show the occurrences of diapirs and gas filled zones that are communicated with seafloor through faults. The blur zones near seafloor on seismic section may suggest gas plumes in seawater. These characteristics are comparatively propitious to hydrate occurrence. A profile of gas hydrate stable zones across the basin slope is constructed by using thermodynamic prediction. Biogenic methane hydrates occur probably in the subsurface where water depth is larger than ～600m with ～310m of the maximum thickness, and thermogenic gas hydrates occur possibly on the subsurface where water depth is larger than ～450m with ～410m of the maximum thickness. The gas hydrate of ～10×10 9m 3, and the hydrate gas of ～1.65×10 12 m 3 are estimated in the Qiongdongnan basin of the South China Sea.
Oil and gas prospecting in the Qiongdongnan basin of the South China Sea indicates the potential of plenitudinous natural gases. Seismic sections show the occurrences of diapirs and gas filled zones that are communicated with seafloor through faults. The blur zones near seafloor on seismic section may suggest gas plumes in seawater. These characteristics are comparatively propitious to hydrate occurrence. A profile of gas hydrate stable zones across the basin slope is constructed by using thermodynamic prediction. Biogenic methane hydrates occur probably in the subsurface where water depth is larger than ～600m with ～310m of the maximum thickness, and thermogenic gas hydrates occur possibly on the subsurface where water depth is larger than ～450m with ～410m of the maximum thickness. The gas hydrate of ～10×10 9m 3, and the hydrate gas of ～1.65×10 12 m 3 are estimated in the Qiongdongnan basin of the South China Sea.
引文
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[20] 祝有海,张光学,卢振权等.南海天然气水合物成矿条件与找矿前景.石油地质,2001,22(5):6～12ZhuYH ,ZhangGX ,LuZQ ,etal.gashydrateintheSouthChinasea:Backgroundandindicators.ActaPetroleiSinica(inChinese),2001,22(5):6～12
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[22] 姚伯初.南海的天然气水合物矿藏.热带海洋学报,2001,20(2):20～28YaoBC .ThegashydrateintheSouthChinaSea.JournalofTropicalOceanography(inChinese),2001,20(2):20～28
[23] MilesPR .PotentialdistributionofmethanehydratebeneaththeEuro peancontinentalmargins.GeophysicalResearchLetters,1995,22(23):3179～3182
[24] RaoYH .C programf
[2] CollettTS .Energyresourcepotentialofnaturalgashydrates.AAPGBulletin,2002,86(11):1971～1992
[3] MacdonaldG .Roleofmethaneclathratesonpastandfutureclimate.ClimaticChange,1990,16:247～281
[4] KvenvoldenKA .Methanehydratesandglobalclimate.GlobalBio geochemicalCycles,1988,2(3):221～229
[5] PaullCK ,UsslerW ,DillonPD .Istheextentofglaciationlimitedbymarinegas hydrates?GeophysicalResearchLetters,1991,18:432～434
[6] NisbetEG .Theendoficeage.Can.J .EarthSci.,1990,27:148～157
[7] MaslinM ,MikkelsenN ,VilelaC ,etal.Sea level andgas hydrate controlledcatastrophicsedimentfailuresoftheAmazonFan.Geology,1998,26(12):1107～1110
[8] KennedyMJ,ChristieBlickN ,SohlLE .AreProterozoiccapcar bonatesandisotopicexcursionsarecordofgashydratedestabilizationfollowingEarth,scoldestintervals?Geology,2001,29(5):443～446
[9] KvenvoldenKA .GashydrateasapotentialenergyresourceAreviewoftheirmethanecontent.In:HowellDGed.TheFutureofEnergyGases,USGSProfessionalPaper1570.1993.555～561
[10] CollettTS ,KuuskraaVA .Hydratescontainvaststoreofworldgasresources.Oil&GasJournal,1998,11:90～95
[11] MilkovAV .Worldwidedistributionofsubmarinemudvolcanoesandassociatedgashydrates.MarineGeology,2000,167:29～42
[12] 宋海斌,MatsubayashiO ,杨胜雄等.含天然气水合物沉积物的岩石物性模型与似海底反射层的AVA特征.地球物理学报,2002,45(4):546～556SongHB ,MatsubayashiO ,YangSX ,etal.PhysicalpropertymodelofgashydratebearingssedimentsandAVAcharacterofbottomssimu latingreflector.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),2002,45(4):546～556
[13] 宋海斌,松林修,仓本真一.西南海海槽地震资料处理及其似海底反射层特征.地球物理学报,2001,44(6):799～804SongHB ,MatsubayashiO ,KuramotoS .SeismicdataprocessingofwesternNankaiTroughandthecharacterofitsbottomsimulatingre flector.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),2001,44(6):799～804
[14] 宋海斌,松林修,仓本真一.天然气水合物似海底反射层的全波形反演.地球物理学报,2003,46(1):42～46SongHB ,MatsubayashiO ,KuramotoS .Fullwaveforminversionofgashydrate relatedbottomsimulatingreflectors.ChineseJ .Geophys.(inChinese),2003,46(1):42～46
[15] ChiWC ,ReedDL ,LiuCS ,etal.Distributionofthebottom simu latingreflectorintheoffshoreTaiwancollisionzone.TerrestrialAtmo sphericandOceanicSciences,1998,9(4):779～794
[16] 姚伯初.南海北部陆缘天然气水合物初探.海洋地质与第四纪地质,1998,18(4):11～18YaoBC .PreliminaryexplorationofgashydrateintheNorthernmar ginoftheSouthChinaSea.MarineGeology&QuaternaryGeology(inChinese),1998,18(4):11～18
[17] 孟宪伟,刘保华,石学法等.冲绳海槽中段西陆坡下缘天然气水合物存在的可能性分析.沉积学报,2000,18(4):629～633MengXW ,LiuBH ,ShiXF ,etal.Possibilityofgashydrateoc curringintheWesternlowerslopeofMidOkinawaTrough.ActaSedi mentologicaSinica(inChinese),2000,18(4):629～633
[18] 宋海斌,耿建华,WangHK等.南海北部东沙海域天然气水合物的初步研究.地球物理学报,2001,44(5):687～695SongHB ,GengJH ,WangHK ,etal.ApreliminarystudyofgashydratesinDongsharegionnorthofSouthChinaSea.ChineseJ.Geophys.(inChinese),2001,44(5):687～695
[19] 符 溪,杨木壮,文鹏飞等.南海天然气水合物地震资料处理及其特征.地质科技情报,2001,20(4):33～40FuX ,YangMZ ,WenPF ,etal.Seismicdataprocessingandchar acteristicsforgashydratesinSouthChinaSea.GeologicalScienceandTechnologyInformation(inChinese),2001,20(4):33～40
[20] 祝有海,张光学,卢振权等.南海天然气水合物成矿条件与找矿前景.石油地质,2001,22(5):6～12ZhuYH ,ZhangGX ,LuZQ ,etal.gashydrateintheSouthChinasea:Backgroundandindicators.ActaPetroleiSinica(inChinese),2001,22(5):6～12
[21] 张光学,黄永样,祝有海等.南海天然气水合物的成矿远景.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2002,22(1):75～81ZhangGX ,HuangYY ,ZhuYH ,etal.Prospectofgashydratere sourcesintheSouthChinaSea.MarineGeology&QuaternaryGeolo gy(inChinese),2002,22(1):75～81
[22] 姚伯初.南海的天然气水合物矿藏.热带海洋学报,2001,20(2):20～28YaoBC .ThegashydrateintheSouthChinaSea.JournalofTropicalOceanography(inChinese),2001,20(2):20～28
[23] MilesPR .PotentialdistributionofmethanehydratebeneaththeEuro peancontinentalmargins.GeophysicalResearchLetters,1995,22(23):3179～3182
[24] RaoYH .C programf
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