汶川地震对都江堰地区大熊猫生境的影响
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摘要
为了明确汶川地震破坏区的空间分布特征及其对大熊猫生境的影响,选择在都江堰地区采用遥感数据解译和GIS模型分析相结合的方法进行了此项研究。研究结果表明:汶川地震及其产生的滑坡、泥石流等次生灾害造成的植被破坏区面积为12862hm2,其中78.64%的破坏区位于龙溪虹口自然保护区内部。地震破坏区在空间上主要分布在海拔1400～2400m,坡度20～55°之间的山坡上。地震造成都江堰地区21.63%的大熊猫生境丧失,其中海拔2200～3000m之间的大熊猫生境丧失比例较大。大熊猫生境破碎化程度严重,震后的生境斑块数量是震前的7.7倍。龙溪虹口自然保护区的大熊猫生境丧失更为严重,其丧失比例为32.15%,而保护区外部的大熊猫生境丧失较轻,其丧失比例为9.83%。地震造成该地区大熊猫生境丧失严重,生境破碎化加剧,为了增加大熊猫可利用的生境,在震后恢复重建中应当避免在大熊猫生境中开展旅游。
To understand the spatial pattern of hill slides created by Wenchuan Earthquake and its impacts on giant panda habitat,vegetation and panda habitat before and after the earthquake was analyzed based on remote sensing and GIS modeling in Dujiangyan region.Results showed that 12,862hm2 of hill slides were created after this earthquake in this region,and 78.64% of these were in Longxihongkou nature reserve.Most of hill slides were distributed in mountains with the elevation between 1400-2400m above sea level and slope between 20-55°.About 21.63% of giant panda habitat was damaged by earthquake,which mainly occurred in elevation between 2200-3000m.The giant panda habitat was serious fragmented after earthquake,and the number of habitat patches was 7.7 times of that before earthquake.In Longxihongkou nature reserve,32.15% of giant panda habitat was seriously damaged,while the damage of habitat outside reserve was moderate with the loss ratio of 9.83%.To conserve habitats for giant panda in this region,tourism inside the giant panda habitat should be forbidden in the process of restoration and re-construction.
To understand the spatial pattern of hill slides created by Wenchuan Earthquake and its impacts on giant panda habitat,vegetation and panda habitat before and after the earthquake was analyzed based on remote sensing and GIS modeling in Dujiangyan region.Results showed that 12,862hm2 of hill slides were created after this earthquake in this region,and 78.64% of these were in Longxihongkou nature reserve.Most of hill slides were distributed in mountains with the elevation between 1400-2400m above sea level and slope between 20-55°.About 21.63% of giant panda habitat was damaged by earthquake,which mainly occurred in elevation between 2200-3000m.The giant panda habitat was serious fragmented after earthquake,and the number of habitat patches was 7.7 times of that before earthquake.In Longxihongkou nature reserve,32.15% of giant panda habitat was seriously damaged,while the damage of habitat outside reserve was moderate with the loss ratio of 9.83%.To conserve habitats for giant panda in this region,tourism inside the giant panda habitat should be forbidden in the process of restoration and re-construction.
引文
[1]国家减灾委-科技部抗震救灾专家组著:《汶川地震灾害综合分析与评估》,2008年7月
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[1]Wang D J,Li S,Sun S,et al.Turning Earthquake Disaster into Long Term Benefits for the Panda.Conservation Biology,2008,22(5):1356-1360.
[2]Willem J D van Leeuwen.Monitoring the Effects of Forest Restoration Treatments on Post-Fire Vegetation Recovery with MODIS Multitemporal Data.Sensors,2008,8:2017-2042.
[3]State Forestry Administration.The third national survey report for giant panda in China.Beijing:Science Publish Group,2006.
[4]Ouyang Z Y,Liu J G,Xiao H,et al.An assessment of giant panda habitat in Wolong Nature Reserve.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2001,21(11):1869-1874.
[5]Xu W H,Ouyang Z Y,Andrés Vi a,et al.Designing a conservation plan for protecting the habitat for giant pandas in the Qionglai mountain range,China.Diversity and Distributions,2006,12:610-619.
[6]Taylor Alan H,Qin Z S.Bamboo regeneration after flowering in the Wolong giant panda reserve,China.Biological Conservation,1993,63(3):231-234.
[3]国家林业局.全国第三次大熊猫调查报告.北京:科学出版社,2006
[4]欧阳志云,刘建国,肖寒,谭迎春,张和民.卧龙自然保护区大熊猫生境评价.生态学报,2001,21(11):1869～1874.
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