波动方程压制多次波的技术方法
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摘要
多次波问题是海洋地震勘探中最突出的问题之一 ,如何有效地压制多次波是解决问题的关键。多次波数据处理的压制方法和技术分为运动学的滤波方法和动力学的波动方程方法两大类。波动方程方法由于几乎不需要先验信息和具有较好的压制效果 ,已经成为多次波压制方法和技术发展的主要趋势。文章首先对波动方程方法进行了较全面的综述 ;然后 ,对波动方程方法中的反馈迭代反演方法做了深入的讨论 ;最后 ,通过理论模型的正反演计算 ,验证了运用波动方程反馈迭代反演法不需要知道震源函数、地下岩层结构和岩性等先验信息。此方法适用于压制多种类型的多次波 ,具有优异的振幅保真性等独特的优点。
Multiple attenuation is a critical task for seismic data processing, especially for marine data. Methods that attenuate multiple can be classified into two broad categories: (1)those that seek to exploit a feature or property that differentiates primary from multiple and (2)those that predict and then subtract multiples from seismic data. The former are typically filtering methods and the latter are generally based on the prediction from either modeling or inversion based on wave equation. The algorithm based on the feedback model is being discussed in detail because it has a lot of advantages: superior amplitude preservation, complete velocity independent, no model required, no source wavelet required, limited user interaction, etc. Results on the simulated data show the robustness of our algorithm.
Multiple attenuation is a critical task for seismic data processing, especially for marine data. Methods that attenuate multiple can be classified into two broad categories: (1)those that seek to exploit a feature or property that differentiates primary from multiple and (2)those that predict and then subtract multiples from seismic data. The former are typically filtering methods and the latter are generally based on the prediction from either modeling or inversion based on wave equation. The algorithm based on the feedback model is being discussed in detail because it has a lot of advantages: superior amplitude preservation, complete velocity independent, no model required, no source wavelet required, limited user interaction, etc. Results on the simulated data show the robustness of our algorithm.
引文
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[4] QIShaoyun.TranslationCollectionofSeismicInversionPa pers[M ].Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,1992.114(inChi nese). [祁少云.地震反演译文集[M ].北京:石油工业出版,1992.114.]
[5] WEGLEINAB .Multipleattenuation:anoverviewofrecentadvancesandtheroadahead[J].TheLeadingEdge,1999,18(1):4044.
[6] CHENZuchuan.ResidualMoveoutAnalysisforMultipleAt tenuation[M ].Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,1997.2247(inChinese). [陈祖传.多次波剩余时差分析法[M ].北京:石油工业出版,1997.2247.]
[7] HUT ,WHITERE .Robustmultiplesuppressionusingadaptivebeamforming[J].GeophysicalProspecting,1998,46:227248.
[8] BERKHOUTAJ .SeismicMigration:ImagingofAcousticEnergybyWavefieldExtrapolation[M ].ElsevierSciencePubl.Co.,Inc.,1982.
[9] BERKHOUTAJ .Multipleremovalbasedonthefeedbackmod el[J].TheLeadingEdge,1999,18(1):127131.
[10] BERKHOUTAJ ,VERSCHUURDJ .Estimationofmultiplescatteringbyiterativeinversion,Part1:Theoreticalconsidera tions[J].Geophysics,1997,62:15861595.
[11] VERSCHUURDJ ,BERKHOUTAJ .Estimationofmultiplescatteringbyiterativeinversion,Part2:Practicalaspectsandexamples[J].Geophysics,1997,62:15961611.
[12] VERSCHUURDJ ,BERKHOUTAJ ,WAPENAARCPA .Adaptivesurface relatedmultipleelimination[J].Geophysics,1992,57(9):11661177.
[13] KELAMISPG ,VERSCHUURDJ .Surface relatedmultiplee liminationonlandseismicdata—Strategiesviacasestudies[J].Geophysics,2000,65(3):719734.
[14] NIUBinhua,SHENCao.Surfacerelatedmultiplegeneration[A].Collectionof2000AnnualMeetingoftheChineseGeo physicalSociety[C].Wuhan:ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesPress,2000.56(inChinese). [牛滨华,沈操.与自由界面有关的多次波的波场模拟[A].2000年中国地球物理学会论文集[C].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2000.56.]
[15] SHENCao,NIUBinhua.Surfacerelatedmultipleattenuationbyadaptivefilter[A].Collectionof2000AnnualmeetingoftheChineseGeophysicalSociety[C].Wuhan:ChinaUniversityofGeosciencesPress,2000.57(inChinese). [沈操,牛滨华.用自适应滤波消除与自由界面有关的多次波[A].2000年中国地球物理年会论文集[C].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2000.57.]
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