西部复杂地区地震资料处理新技术
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摘要
我国西部复杂地区存在地形变化大、潜水位深、黄土覆盖层及卵砾石层较厚,成孔困难、低速层复杂等特点,导致其野外地震勘探资料品质较差,通常的处理手段难以有效识别有效波。经过对宁夏韦州、下流水等区的探索试验,总结出一套针对西部复杂地区低信噪比资料行之有效的处理技术,主要包括:叠加之前去噪处理,去除单炮记录上的各种干扰;进行静校正,消除由于高差特别是低速带变化引起的误差;进行振幅补偿与校正,使炮与炮之间、道与道之间能量均衡,振幅一致;大面元速度分析及大面元多次迭代剩余静校正;精细叠后去噪;合适的偏移成像等。实例表明,综合利用绿山、CGG、GRISYS等软件,可有效提高信噪比,为地质解释提供可靠资料。
In topographic varied,deep phreatic water table,loose covered and thick gravel and pebble western China complex areas have characteristics of difficult borehole completion,complex low velocity layers,caused poor quality of field seismic prospecting data,thus difficult to identify effective waves through commonly used processing means.Through exploratory experiments in Weizhou,Xialiushui areas in Ningxia,a set of effective processing technology adaptable to low S/N ratio data from western complex areas have summed up.They are mainly: denoising before stacking to remove various interferences on single-shot records;static correction to eliminate errors caused by variation of elevation differences especially low velocity zones;amplitude compensation and correction to make balanced energy and accordant amplitude between shots and between channels;large surface element velocity analysis and large surface element multiple iterative residual statics;precise poststack denoising;appropriate migration imaging etc.Examples demonstrated that,integrated use of GMG's MESA,CGG software and GRISYS can promote S/N ratio effectively,provide geological interpretation with reliable data.
In topographic varied,deep phreatic water table,loose covered and thick gravel and pebble western China complex areas have characteristics of difficult borehole completion,complex low velocity layers,caused poor quality of field seismic prospecting data,thus difficult to identify effective waves through commonly used processing means.Through exploratory experiments in Weizhou,Xialiushui areas in Ningxia,a set of effective processing technology adaptable to low S/N ratio data from western complex areas have summed up.They are mainly: denoising before stacking to remove various interferences on single-shot records;static correction to eliminate errors caused by variation of elevation differences especially low velocity zones;amplitude compensation and correction to make balanced energy and accordant amplitude between shots and between channels;large surface element velocity analysis and large surface element multiple iterative residual statics;precise poststack denoising;appropriate migration imaging etc.Examples demonstrated that,integrated use of GMG's MESA,CGG software and GRISYS can promote S/N ratio effectively,provide geological interpretation with reliable data.
引文
[1]熊翥.复杂地区地震处理思路[J].石油工业出版社,2002.
[2]R.E.谢里夫(美),L.P.吉尔达特(加).勘探地震学[J].石油工业出版社,1999.
[2]R.E.谢里夫(美),L.P.吉尔达特(加).勘探地震学[J].石油工业出版社,1999.
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