准噶尔盆地基底构造与地壳分层结构
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摘要
基于4条盆地转换波剖面、1条人工地震深反射-折射剖面和重磁反演以及相关深部探测结果,将准噶尔盆地地壳结构划分为3个构造层,即沉积盖层、古生界褶皱基底层和结晶地壳层,确定了B、G、C(1或G1)、C和M界面及其参数特征。盆地具褶皱基底与结晶基底的"双层基底"构造特征,为陆壳性质。现今总体表现为东侧、北侧和西侧埋深较浅,盆地中部由北往南呈倾斜加深;褶皱基底北厚南薄,三个泉凸起带以北厚度为4～10km,以南为0～4km,昌吉凹陷一带最薄,为0～1km.盆地的莫霍面存在卡拉麦里-乌伦古北西西向上地幔隆起区、卡拉麦里-帐北和加依尔-四棵树南北向上地幔隆起区以及由此分割的凹陷区和斜坡带。
On the basis of preview associated with basement research progress and the problems about Junggar basin, the crust in this basin is divided into three structural layers including sedimentary cap rock, Palaeozoic folded basement and crystal basement, according to the deep exploration results which include 4 exploration profiles by method of DSCW and one seismic reflection/refraction profile and inversion of gravity and magnetism, ascertaining B, G, C1 (or G1), C and M interfaces with their parameters. The 3D model results show that the folded and crystal basement has "double basement" feature, belonging to continental crust. The present structure is buried shallower on the eastern, northern and western sides of it, and its middle part runs dip and deep from north to south. The thickness of folded basement is thicker in the north than in the south. The thickness of Sangequan swell is about 4～10 km in the north and 0～4 km in the south, and Changji sag is the thinnest between 0 km and 1 km. NWW-trending Kelameili-Wulungu upper mantle uplift, SN-trending Karameli-Zhangbei and Zayier-Sikeshu upper mantle uplift as well as sags and slopes in Junggar basin are all presented in this paper.
On the basis of preview associated with basement research progress and the problems about Junggar basin, the crust in this basin is divided into three structural layers including sedimentary cap rock, Palaeozoic folded basement and crystal basement, according to the deep exploration results which include 4 exploration profiles by method of DSCW and one seismic reflection/refraction profile and inversion of gravity and magnetism, ascertaining B, G, C1 (or G1), C and M interfaces with their parameters. The 3D model results show that the folded and crystal basement has "double basement" feature, belonging to continental crust. The present structure is buried shallower on the eastern, northern and western sides of it, and its middle part runs dip and deep from north to south. The thickness of folded basement is thicker in the north than in the south. The thickness of Sangequan swell is about 4～10 km in the north and 0～4 km in the south, and Changji sag is the thinnest between 0 km and 1 km. NWW-trending Kelameili-Wulungu upper mantle uplift, SN-trending Karameli-Zhangbei and Zayier-Sikeshu upper mantle uplift as well as sags and slopes in Junggar basin are all presented in this paper.
引文
1)张耀荣.准噶尔盆地重磁力场特征与基底结构,新疆石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1982.
1)张义杰,何正怀.准噶尔盆地的地质结构、演化及构造单元划分(附图册),新疆石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1998.
[1]赵白.准噶尔盆地的形成与演化[J].新疆石油地质,1992,13(3):191-196.
[2]胡霭琴,张国新,李启新,等.新疆北部同位素地球化学与地壳演化[A].涂光炽主编.新疆北部固体地球科学新进展[C].北京:科学出版社,1993,27-38.
[3]何国琦,李茂松,刘德权,等.中国新疆古生代地壳演化及找矿[M].新疆:新疆人民出版社,1994.
[4]袁学诚,左愚,等.阿-阿断面与西夏克拉通[A].新疆地质科学,305项目《新疆地质科学》编委会[C].北京:地质出版社,1994:1-18.
[5]彭希龄.准噶尔盆地早古生代陆壳存在的证据[J].新疆石油地质,1994,15(4):291-297.
[6]左龙凭,李铁.对准噶尔盆地古老基底问题的一些浅见[J].石油地质,1999,38(3):112-117.
[7]李锦轶,肖序常.对准噶尔地壳结构与构造演化几个问题的简要评述[J].地质科学,1999,34(4):405-419.
[8]陈俊湘,陈景亮.准噶尔盆地基底及其地震速度特征[J].新疆石油地质,2002,23(6):474-477.
[9]邱楠生,杨海波,王绪龙.准噶尔盆地构造热演化特征[J].地质科学,2002,37(4):423-—429.
[10]任纪舜.新一代中国大地构造图-中国及邻区大地构造图(1∶5000000)附简要说明:从全球看中国大地构造[J].地球学报,2003,24(1):1-2.
[11]张季生,洪大卫,王涛.由航磁异常判断准噶尔盆地基底性质[J].地球学报,2004,5(4):473-478.
[12]王有学,韩果花,姜枚,等.阿尔泰—阿尔金地学断面地壳结构[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):240-249.
[13]江远达.关于准噶尔地区基底问题的初步探讨[J].新疆地质,1984,2(1):11-16.
[14]许靖华.准噶尔盆地周围的混杂岩——残余弧后盆地造山变形作用的实例[M].北京:中国海洋出版社,1990:7-10.
[15]郑建平,王方正,成中梅,等.拼合的准噶尔盆地基底:基底火山岩Sr-Nd同位素证据[J].地球科学,中国地质大学学报,2002,25(2):179-185.
[16]曲国胜,张进江.额尔齐斯构造带[A].新疆地质科学,305项目《新疆地质科学》编委会[C].北京:地质出版社,1991:115-131.
[17]刘永祥,伍旭光.高温高压下岩石波速与地壳深部的物质组成[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(2):211-220.
1)张义杰,何正怀.准噶尔盆地的地质结构、演化及构造单元划分(附图册),新疆石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1998.
[1]赵白.准噶尔盆地的形成与演化[J].新疆石油地质,1992,13(3):191-196.
[2]胡霭琴,张国新,李启新,等.新疆北部同位素地球化学与地壳演化[A].涂光炽主编.新疆北部固体地球科学新进展[C].北京:科学出版社,1993,27-38.
[3]何国琦,李茂松,刘德权,等.中国新疆古生代地壳演化及找矿[M].新疆:新疆人民出版社,1994.
[4]袁学诚,左愚,等.阿-阿断面与西夏克拉通[A].新疆地质科学,305项目《新疆地质科学》编委会[C].北京:地质出版社,1994:1-18.
[5]彭希龄.准噶尔盆地早古生代陆壳存在的证据[J].新疆石油地质,1994,15(4):291-297.
[6]左龙凭,李铁.对准噶尔盆地古老基底问题的一些浅见[J].石油地质,1999,38(3):112-117.
[7]李锦轶,肖序常.对准噶尔地壳结构与构造演化几个问题的简要评述[J].地质科学,1999,34(4):405-419.
[8]陈俊湘,陈景亮.准噶尔盆地基底及其地震速度特征[J].新疆石油地质,2002,23(6):474-477.
[9]邱楠生,杨海波,王绪龙.准噶尔盆地构造热演化特征[J].地质科学,2002,37(4):423-—429.
[10]任纪舜.新一代中国大地构造图-中国及邻区大地构造图(1∶5000000)附简要说明:从全球看中国大地构造[J].地球学报,2003,24(1):1-2.
[11]张季生,洪大卫,王涛.由航磁异常判断准噶尔盆地基底性质[J].地球学报,2004,5(4):473-478.
[12]王有学,韩果花,姜枚,等.阿尔泰—阿尔金地学断面地壳结构[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):240-249.
[13]江远达.关于准噶尔地区基底问题的初步探讨[J].新疆地质,1984,2(1):11-16.
[14]许靖华.准噶尔盆地周围的混杂岩——残余弧后盆地造山变形作用的实例[M].北京:中国海洋出版社,1990:7-10.
[15]郑建平,王方正,成中梅,等.拼合的准噶尔盆地基底:基底火山岩Sr-Nd同位素证据[J].地球科学,中国地质大学学报,2002,25(2):179-185.
[16]曲国胜,张进江.额尔齐斯构造带[A].新疆地质科学,305项目《新疆地质科学》编委会[C].北京:地质出版社,1991:115-131.
[17]刘永祥,伍旭光.高温高压下岩石波速与地壳深部的物质组成[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(2):211-220.
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