地下结构抗震分析与设计的Pushover分析方法
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摘要
在借鉴地上结构抗震分析的Pushover方法思想的基础上,提出一种适用于地铁等地下结构抗震分析与设计使用的Pushover分析方法。详细介绍该方法的实施步骤、基本功能与特点,给出适用于该方法的水平荷载分布形式与目标位移的确定方法。该方法能够反映土-结构之间的相互作用;能够进行结构在地震作用下的全过程分析,得到地下结构的能力曲线;目标位移求解原理简单,根据目标位移可以得到结构的地震反应,进而可以对结构在地震作用下的变形与内力进行评估;计算得到的结构能力曲线与地震波的选取关系不大,计算结果具有较好的模拟精度,从而避免对土-结构整体模型进行复杂的动力相互作用分析。结合实际工程与基于黏弹性静-动力统一人工边界的静-动力联合分析方法进行对比研究,验证地下结构Pushover分析方法的可靠性与良好的模拟精度,可以用于地下结构的抗震分析与设计中。
Based on the pushover methods for seismic analysis of super-structures, a pushover analysis method for seismic response analysis and design of underground structures is proposed. The implementation procedure, basic functions and special features of the method are introduced in detail, and the solution methods for the distributions of equivalent horizontal inertial acceleration and target displacement are also presented. Dynamic soil-structure interaction can be properly simulated with the method. The full-range seismic response of the structures can be obtained and the capacity spectrum can be calculated with good accuracy. The capacity spectrum has little to do with the choice of seismic waves, thus one may avoid the complicated analysis of dynamic soil-structure interactions. The target displacement can be easily calculated and convenient for use. Seismic response of the structures can be solved from the target displacement, and deformations and internal forces of the structures can then be calculated. Taking a subway station as example, the validity and accuracy of the method are verified by comparing with the static-dynamic coupling analysis method based on a unified viscous-spring artificial boundary. The analysis results have shown that the method is suitable for seismic response analysis and design of underground structures.
Based on the pushover methods for seismic analysis of super-structures, a pushover analysis method for seismic response analysis and design of underground structures is proposed. The implementation procedure, basic functions and special features of the method are introduced in detail, and the solution methods for the distributions of equivalent horizontal inertial acceleration and target displacement are also presented. Dynamic soil-structure interaction can be properly simulated with the method. The full-range seismic response of the structures can be obtained and the capacity spectrum can be calculated with good accuracy. The capacity spectrum has little to do with the choice of seismic waves, thus one may avoid the complicated analysis of dynamic soil-structure interactions. The target displacement can be easily calculated and convenient for use. Seismic response of the structures can be solved from the target displacement, and deformations and internal forces of the structures can then be calculated. Taking a subway station as example, the validity and accuracy of the method are verified by comparing with the static-dynamic coupling analysis method based on a unified viscous-spring artificial boundary. The analysis results have shown that the method is suitable for seismic response analysis and design of underground structures.
引文
[1]汪梦甫,周锡元.高层建筑结构抗震弹塑性分析方法及抗震性能评估的研究[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(11):44-49(Wang Mengfu,Zhou Xiyuan.Modified pushover analysis and seismic performance evaluation for tall building[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2003,36(11):44-49(in Chinese))
[2]尹华伟,汪梦甫,周锡元.结构静力弹塑性分析方法的研究和改进[J].工程力学,2003,20(4):45-49(Yin Huawei,Wang Mengfu,Zhou Xiyuan.Studies and improvements on structural static pushover analysis method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(4):45-49(in Chinese))
[3]杨志勇,何若全.高层钢结构弹塑性抗震分析静动力综合法[J].建筑结构学报,2003,24(3):25-32(Yang Zhiyong,He Ruoquan.Inelastic static-dynamic analysis method of high-rise steel structures under earthquake action[J].Journal of Building Structures,2003,24(3):25-32(in Chinese))
[4]Elnashai A S.Advanced inelastic static(pushover)analysis for earthquake applications[J].Structural Engineering and Mechanics,2001,12(1):51-69
[5]Chou Chung-Che,Uang Chia-Ming.A procedure forevaluating seismic energy demand of framed structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2003,32(2):229-244
[6]刘晶波,李彬.地铁地下结构抗震分析及设计中的几个关键问题[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(6):106-110(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin.Issues on the seismic analysis and design of subway structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(6):106-110(in Chinese))
[7]李彬.地铁地下结构抗震理论分析与应用研究[D].北京:清华大学,2005(Li Bin.Theoretical analysis of seismic response of underground subway structures and its application[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2005(in Chinese))
[8]FEMA-274Guidelines and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings[S]
[9]Idriss I M,Sun J I.SHAKE91:A computer program for conducting equivalent linear seismic response analysis of horizontally layered soil deposits User’s Guide[R].California:University of California,Davis,1992
[10]Bardet J P,Ichii K,Lin C H.EERA:A computer program for equivalent-linear earthquake site response analysis of layered soil deposits User’s Manual[R].Los Angeles:University of Southern California,2000
[11]李小军.非线性土层地震反应分析的一种方法[J].华南地震,1992,12(4):1-8(Li Xiaojun.A method for analysing seismic response of nonlinear soil layers[J].South China Journal of Seismology,1992,12(4):1-8(in Chinese))
[12]刘晶波,李彬,谷音.地铁盾构隧道地震反应分析[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2005,45(6):757-760(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin,Gu Yin.Seismic response analysis of shieldedsubway tunnels[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science&Technology,2005,45(6):757-760(in Chinese))
[13]李彬,刘晶波,尹骁.双层地铁车站的强地震反应分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(5):779-782(Li Bin,Liu Jingbo,Yin Xiao.Seismic response analysis of double-deck subway station[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(5):779-782(in Chinese))
[14]陆新征,缪志伟,江见鲸,等.静力和动力荷载作用下混凝土高层结构的倒塌模拟[J].山西地震,2006,(2):7-11(Lu Xinzheng,Miao Zhiwei,Jiang Jianjing,et al.Collapse simulation of high-rise structure of concrete under the action of static and dynamic load[J].Earthquake Research in Shanxi,2006,(2):7-11(in Chinese))
[15]刘晶波,吕彦东.结构-地基动力相互作用问题分析的一种直接方法[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(3):55-64(Liu Jingbo,LüYandong.A direct method for analysis of dynamic soil-structure interaction[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(3):55-64(in Chinese))
[16]刘晶波,李彬.三维黏弹性静-动力统一人工边界[J].中国科学(E辑),2005,35(9):966-980(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin.A unified viscous-spring artificial boundary for3-D static and dynamic applications[J].Science in China(Series E),2005,48(5):570-584(in English))
[17]李彬,刘晶波.粘弹性人工边界在Marc中的实现[C]//第十四届全国结构工程学术会议论文集第I册.烟台:工程力学杂志社,2005(Li Bin,Liu Jingbo.Realization of viscous-spring artificial boundary in Marc[C]//Proceedings of the14th national conference on structural engineering(No.1).Yantai:Engineering Mechanics Press,2005(in Chinese))
[2]尹华伟,汪梦甫,周锡元.结构静力弹塑性分析方法的研究和改进[J].工程力学,2003,20(4):45-49(Yin Huawei,Wang Mengfu,Zhou Xiyuan.Studies and improvements on structural static pushover analysis method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(4):45-49(in Chinese))
[3]杨志勇,何若全.高层钢结构弹塑性抗震分析静动力综合法[J].建筑结构学报,2003,24(3):25-32(Yang Zhiyong,He Ruoquan.Inelastic static-dynamic analysis method of high-rise steel structures under earthquake action[J].Journal of Building Structures,2003,24(3):25-32(in Chinese))
[4]Elnashai A S.Advanced inelastic static(pushover)analysis for earthquake applications[J].Structural Engineering and Mechanics,2001,12(1):51-69
[5]Chou Chung-Che,Uang Chia-Ming.A procedure forevaluating seismic energy demand of framed structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2003,32(2):229-244
[6]刘晶波,李彬.地铁地下结构抗震分析及设计中的几个关键问题[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(6):106-110(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin.Issues on the seismic analysis and design of subway structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(6):106-110(in Chinese))
[7]李彬.地铁地下结构抗震理论分析与应用研究[D].北京:清华大学,2005(Li Bin.Theoretical analysis of seismic response of underground subway structures and its application[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2005(in Chinese))
[8]FEMA-274Guidelines and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings[S]
[9]Idriss I M,Sun J I.SHAKE91:A computer program for conducting equivalent linear seismic response analysis of horizontally layered soil deposits User’s Guide[R].California:University of California,Davis,1992
[10]Bardet J P,Ichii K,Lin C H.EERA:A computer program for equivalent-linear earthquake site response analysis of layered soil deposits User’s Manual[R].Los Angeles:University of Southern California,2000
[11]李小军.非线性土层地震反应分析的一种方法[J].华南地震,1992,12(4):1-8(Li Xiaojun.A method for analysing seismic response of nonlinear soil layers[J].South China Journal of Seismology,1992,12(4):1-8(in Chinese))
[12]刘晶波,李彬,谷音.地铁盾构隧道地震反应分析[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2005,45(6):757-760(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin,Gu Yin.Seismic response analysis of shieldedsubway tunnels[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science&Technology,2005,45(6):757-760(in Chinese))
[13]李彬,刘晶波,尹骁.双层地铁车站的强地震反应分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(5):779-782(Li Bin,Liu Jingbo,Yin Xiao.Seismic response analysis of double-deck subway station[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(5):779-782(in Chinese))
[14]陆新征,缪志伟,江见鲸,等.静力和动力荷载作用下混凝土高层结构的倒塌模拟[J].山西地震,2006,(2):7-11(Lu Xinzheng,Miao Zhiwei,Jiang Jianjing,et al.Collapse simulation of high-rise structure of concrete under the action of static and dynamic load[J].Earthquake Research in Shanxi,2006,(2):7-11(in Chinese))
[15]刘晶波,吕彦东.结构-地基动力相互作用问题分析的一种直接方法[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(3):55-64(Liu Jingbo,LüYandong.A direct method for analysis of dynamic soil-structure interaction[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(3):55-64(in Chinese))
[16]刘晶波,李彬.三维黏弹性静-动力统一人工边界[J].中国科学(E辑),2005,35(9):966-980(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin.A unified viscous-spring artificial boundary for3-D static and dynamic applications[J].Science in China(Series E),2005,48(5):570-584(in English))
[17]李彬,刘晶波.粘弹性人工边界在Marc中的实现[C]//第十四届全国结构工程学术会议论文集第I册.烟台:工程力学杂志社,2005(Li Bin,Liu Jingbo.Realization of viscous-spring artificial boundary in Marc[C]//Proceedings of the14th national conference on structural engineering(No.1).Yantai:Engineering Mechanics Press,2005(in Chinese))
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