南海北部陆坡天然气水合物的地震速度研究
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摘要
采用D ix公式法和速度反演法分别对南海北部陆坡测线A和B的层速度及纵波速度进行计算,结合BSR、振幅空白带以及波形极性反转等多种水合物赋存信息的分析,对水合物成矿带的速度特征进行了综合研究。结果表明:低速背景中的高速异常,是天然气水合物赋存的重要特征;高速异常体一般呈平行于海底的带状分布;在高速异常体的内部,速度也是不断变化的,一般在异常体的中心速度最高,由中心到边缘速度逐渐降低,反映在水合物矿带内部,水合物饱和度由矿体中心向边缘逐渐降低的特征。研究结果表明高精度速度分析不仅可以帮助寻找水合物矿点,还可以进一步判定水合物的富集层位。
The interval velocity and P velocity of seismic profiles A and B in the northern slope of the South China Sea were calculated by the methods of Dix equation and velocity inversion.The velocity characteristics of the gas hydrate bed were studied in detail based on the calculated results and the information,including BSR,amplitude blanking and polarity reversion of the waveform.It is shown that the higher velocity zone in the lower(velo-)(city) background is an important characteristic of gas hydrate bed,and that the higher velocity zone usually(para-)(llel) the seafloor,and that the velocity changes gradually in the higher velocity zone with the highest velocity at the center whereas the lowest at the margin,suggesting that the saturation of gas hydrate zone decreases gradually from the center to the margin.The study reveals that the high resolution velocity analysis is useful not only to search the hydrate spot but also to estimate the rich layer of gas hydrates.
The interval velocity and P velocity of seismic profiles A and B in the northern slope of the South China Sea were calculated by the methods of Dix equation and velocity inversion.The velocity characteristics of the gas hydrate bed were studied in detail based on the calculated results and the information,including BSR,amplitude blanking and polarity reversion of the waveform.It is shown that the higher velocity zone in the lower(velo-)(city) background is an important characteristic of gas hydrate bed,and that the higher velocity zone usually(para-)(llel) the seafloor,and that the velocity changes gradually in the higher velocity zone with the highest velocity at the center whereas the lowest at the margin,suggesting that the saturation of gas hydrate zone decreases gradually from the center to the margin.The study reveals that the high resolution velocity analysis is useful not only to search the hydrate spot but also to estimate the rich layer of gas hydrates.
引文
[1]梁劲,王宏斌,龚跃华,等.西沙海槽BSR发育区热流值计算及其特征分析[J].南海地质研究,2004,16(1):105-114.
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[12]蒋少涌,杨涛,薛紫晨,等.南海北部海区海底沉积物中孔隙水的C l-和SO42-浓度异常特征及其对天然气水合物的指示意义[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):45-54.
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[15]Lee M W,Hutch inson D R,Agena W F,et al.Seism ic chara-cter of gas hydrates on the Southeastern US continental margin[J].Marine Geophysical Researches,1994,16(3):163-184.
[16]Sh ipey T H,Houston M H,Buffler R T,et al.Seism ic evi-dence for w ide spread occurrence of possib le gas-hydrate horizonson continental slopes and rises[J].AAPG Bu lletin,1979,63(12):2204-2213.
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[18]刘学伟,李敏锋,张聿文,等.天然气水合物地震响应研究———中国南海HD152测线应用实例[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):33-38.
[19]张聿文,刘学伟,金玉洁.含天然气水合物地层的速度和衰减研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(2):205-214.
[2]王宏斌,梁劲,龚跃华,等.基于天然气水合物地震数据计算南海北部陆坡海底热流[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):67-73.
[3]王淑红,宋海斌,颜文,等.天然气水合物稳定带的计算方法与参数选择探讨[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):101-107.
[4]张光学,黄永样,陈邦彦.海域天然气水合物地震学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[5]许宁生,李元元,余志.首届广东青年科学家论坛论文集[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2000.
[6]李正文,赵志超.地震勘探资料解释[M].北京:地质出版社,1988.
[7]安鸿伟,李正文,李仁甫,等.稀疏脉冲波阻抗反演在YX油田开发中的应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(1):56-60.
[8]潘东辉,肖慈,陈志文,等.波阻抗或层速度纵向预测[J].物探化探计算技术,2000,15(1):8-12.
[9]闫奎邦,李冬梅,吴小泉.Jason反演技术在岩性识别中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(1):54-58.
[10]郝银全,潘懋,李忠权.Jason多井约束反演技术在油气储层预测中的应用[J].成都理工大学学报,2004,31(3):297-300.
[11]鲁红,李建民,刘青山,等.进行声波测井资料校正的一种方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1996,15(1):71-73.
[12]蒋少涌,杨涛,薛紫晨,等.南海北部海区海底沉积物中孔隙水的C l-和SO42-浓度异常特征及其对天然气水合物的指示意义[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):45-54.
[13]宋海斌.天然气水合物的地球物理研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[14]沙志彬,杨木壮,梁金强,等.BSR的反射波特征及其对天然气水合物识别的应用[J].南海地质研究,2003,15(1):55-61.
[15]Lee M W,Hutch inson D R,Agena W F,et al.Seism ic chara-cter of gas hydrates on the Southeastern US continental margin[J].Marine Geophysical Researches,1994,16(3):163-184.
[16]Sh ipey T H,Houston M H,Buffler R T,et al.Seism ic evi-dence for w ide spread occurrence of possib le gas-hydrate horizonson continental slopes and rises[J].AAPG Bu lletin,1979,63(12):2204-2213.
[17]陈建文,闫桂京,吴志强,等.天然气水合物的地球物理识别标志[J].海洋地质动态,2004,6:9-12.
[18]刘学伟,李敏锋,张聿文,等.天然气水合物地震响应研究———中国南海HD152测线应用实例[J].现代地质,2005,19(1):33-38.
[19]张聿文,刘学伟,金玉洁.含天然气水合物地层的速度和衰减研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(2):205-214.
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