华北中北部地壳运动与张北地震
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摘要
本文利用华北GPS监测网两个时段复测资料 (1992～ 1996～ 1999年 )、华北北部两个时段垂直形变资料 (1992～ 1998～ 2 0 0 0年 )和张北地震时的INSAR结果 (1997年 9月 2 2日～ 1998年 5月 2 6日 ) ,从场和块体运动的角度分析了张北地震前后地壳运动特征 ,结果表明 :①垂直形变不显著 ,近 10年来华北中北部地壳垂直形变基本上属于继承性 ,震时显著垂直形变范围仅约为 15km× 15km ,量值约 2 5 0mm ;②水平形变在各单元内部也不显著 ;③华北中部各单元整体水平运动在震前 (1992～ 1996年 )和震后 (1996～ 1999年 )存在动态变化 ,具体表现为阴山构造带由相对静止变为左旋走滑 ,山西断陷带由以拉张运动为主变为以右旋走滑运动为主 ,燕山构造带的张性左旋走滑运动变为左旋走滑运动 ,而且震前形成的燕 -冀形变过渡带消失于震后 ;④形变的大小与孕震区介质的物性和构造环境关系十分密切。进一步分析还表明 :①张北地震并不意味着华北的地震活动进入高水平 ;②当前地壳运动处在比较正常的状态之中 ;③未来本区有利于发生中强以上地震的空间位置主要是燕山构造带 ,尤其是该带的两端 ,以及山西断陷带等。
Crustal deformation in northern part of North China associated with the Zhangbei earthquake is analyzed by using GPS data collected between 1992,1996 and 1999,p recise releveling data collected between 1992,1998 and 2000,and INSAR result(S ept.22,1997～May 6,1998).The results are as follows:①The vertical deformation h a s not been remarkable since 1992.The scope of the significant deformation is 15k m×15km when this event occurrd.②The horizontal deformation was not also remark able in any unit of North China.③The kinematic change of the horizontal motion between different units existed before and after this event (1992～1996 and 1996 ～1999),which the active mode of the Yinshan fault tectonic belt changes from re lative static state to leftlateral strike slip movement,that of the Shanxi tec t onic zone changes from extension with rightlateral motion to rightlateral st rike slip motion with extension,that of the Yanshan tectonic zone changes from l eftlateral strike slip with extension to leftlateral strike slip,and the Yan shanHebei transition zone formed before the event disapperars after the event. ④The scale of the deformation is closely related to the physical property of me dium and geological structure environment.⑤The Zhangbei earthquake does not mea n that earthquake action begins to be strengthened in North China,because the cr ustal motion is in normal state at present.⑥The next stronger earthquakes in N orth China mainly locate in Yanshan tectonic zone and Shanxi tectonic zone,two e nds of them especially.
Crustal deformation in northern part of North China associated with the Zhangbei earthquake is analyzed by using GPS data collected between 1992,1996 and 1999,p recise releveling data collected between 1992,1998 and 2000,and INSAR result(S ept.22,1997～May 6,1998).The results are as follows:①The vertical deformation h a s not been remarkable since 1992.The scope of the significant deformation is 15k m×15km when this event occurrd.②The horizontal deformation was not also remark able in any unit of North China.③The kinematic change of the horizontal motion between different units existed before and after this event (1992～1996 and 1996 ～1999),which the active mode of the Yinshan fault tectonic belt changes from re lative static state to leftlateral strike slip movement,that of the Shanxi tec t onic zone changes from extension with rightlateral motion to rightlateral st rike slip motion with extension,that of the Yanshan tectonic zone changes from l eftlateral strike slip with extension to leftlateral strike slip,and the Yan shanHebei transition zone formed before the event disapperars after the event. ④The scale of the deformation is closely related to the physical property of me dium and geological structure environment.⑤The Zhangbei earthquake does not mea n that earthquake action begins to be strengthened in North China,because the cr ustal motion is in normal state at present.⑥The next stronger earthquakes in N orth China mainly locate in Yanshan tectonic zone and Shanxi tectonic zone,two e nds of them especially.
引文
安美建、李方全,1998,山西地堑系现今构造应力场,地震学报,20(5),461～465。
陈连旺、陆远忠、张 杰等,1999,华北地区三维构造应力场,地震学报,21(2),140～149。
车用太、王基华、林无武等,1998,张北-尚义地震前地下流体异常及其预报,地震地质,20(2),99～104。
邓志辉、楚全芝、刘培询等,1998,张北-尚义地震与大同-阳高地震活动对比研究,地震地质,20(2),172～178。
高 旭、李志雄,1993,大同-阳高地震的前兆过程及其场-源特征,大同-阳高地震研究,169～177,北京:地震出版社。
徐 杰、朱长青、楚全芝,1998,张家口-蓬莱断裂带地震构造特征的初步探讨,地震地质,20(2),146～153。
徐锡伟、邓起东、董瑞树等,1992,山西地堑系强震的活动规律和危险区段的研究,地震地质,14(14),305～316。
徐锡伟、冉勇康、周本刚等,1998,张北-尚义地震的构造环境与宏观破坏特征,地震地质,20(2),135～145。
杨 发,1988,河套断陷带第四纪活动特征,鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂,39～71,北京:地震出版社。
杨国华、巩白沐、杨春花,1994,大同地震与华北北部地壳异态垂直运动,中国地震,10(1),13～18。
杨国华、韩月萍、张凤兰,2001,利用GPS复测结果确定华北不同运动性质单元及活动方式,地震学报,23(1),1～8。
张国民主编,1999,一九九八年张北地震,1～47,62～98,北京:地震出版社。
张国民、李宣瑚,1993,大同-阳高61级地震在华北近期地震活动中的地位,大同-阳高地震研究,1～9,北京:地震出版社。
张 红、王 超、刘 智,2000,获取张北地震形变场的差分干涉测量技术,中国图像图形学报,5(6),497～500。
张雁滨、蒋 骏、陈绍绪等,2000,张北62级地震的连续形变前兆异常时空特征,地壳形变与地震,20(3),69～74。
张永仙、刘桂萍,2000,张北62级地震近震区前兆异常特征及时空演化研究,地震,20(1),53～58。
ShenZhenkang,ZhaoChengkun,LiYangxin,etal.,2000,ContemporarycrustaldeformationineastAsiaconstrainedbyglobalpositioningsystemmeasurements,J .Geophys.Res,105:5721～5734.
陈连旺、陆远忠、张 杰等,1999,华北地区三维构造应力场,地震学报,21(2),140～149。
车用太、王基华、林无武等,1998,张北-尚义地震前地下流体异常及其预报,地震地质,20(2),99～104。
邓志辉、楚全芝、刘培询等,1998,张北-尚义地震与大同-阳高地震活动对比研究,地震地质,20(2),172～178。
高 旭、李志雄,1993,大同-阳高地震的前兆过程及其场-源特征,大同-阳高地震研究,169～177,北京:地震出版社。
徐 杰、朱长青、楚全芝,1998,张家口-蓬莱断裂带地震构造特征的初步探讨,地震地质,20(2),146～153。
徐锡伟、邓起东、董瑞树等,1992,山西地堑系强震的活动规律和危险区段的研究,地震地质,14(14),305～316。
徐锡伟、冉勇康、周本刚等,1998,张北-尚义地震的构造环境与宏观破坏特征,地震地质,20(2),135～145。
杨 发,1988,河套断陷带第四纪活动特征,鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂,39～71,北京:地震出版社。
杨国华、巩白沐、杨春花,1994,大同地震与华北北部地壳异态垂直运动,中国地震,10(1),13～18。
杨国华、韩月萍、张凤兰,2001,利用GPS复测结果确定华北不同运动性质单元及活动方式,地震学报,23(1),1～8。
张国民主编,1999,一九九八年张北地震,1～47,62～98,北京:地震出版社。
张国民、李宣瑚,1993,大同-阳高61级地震在华北近期地震活动中的地位,大同-阳高地震研究,1～9,北京:地震出版社。
张 红、王 超、刘 智,2000,获取张北地震形变场的差分干涉测量技术,中国图像图形学报,5(6),497～500。
张雁滨、蒋 骏、陈绍绪等,2000,张北62级地震的连续形变前兆异常时空特征,地壳形变与地震,20(3),69～74。
张永仙、刘桂萍,2000,张北62级地震近震区前兆异常特征及时空演化研究,地震,20(1),53～58。
ShenZhenkang,ZhaoChengkun,LiYangxin,etal.,2000,ContemporarycrustaldeformationineastAsiaconstrainedbyglobalpositioningsystemmeasurements,J .Geophys.Res,105:5721～5734.
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