道间距对偏移结果影响的讨论
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摘要
对偏移算法进行了简要回顾,提出对偏移结果产生影响的因素除偏移算法、速度场的准确程度和地震资料的品质之外,还应包括道间距及采样率等。指出道间距过大对偏移结果的影响主要是导致空间假频现象的出现,偏移速度场难以准确建立,偏移横向误差大及偏移信息量少,这些影响与具体偏移算法无关。应用理论模型及实际资料对上述结论进行了验证。根据验证结果,建议在野外施工设计过程中．应根据勘探目的不同、地下构造的复杂程度及勘探精度,并考虑道间距对偏移结果的影响,合理地设计道间距。
This paper briefly reviewed different migration algo- rithms,and pointed out that group interval and sample rate are two major factors affecting migration results besides migration algorithms,velocity field,and seismic data quality.The effects of group interval on migration lie in 4 aspects,including the presence of spatial aliasing,construction of accurate velocity field,lateral migration error,and lack of amount of migration information.These aspects are related to particular migration algorithms adopted.The results were demonstrated by model and real data.It is suggested that group interval be determined according to the survey targets,subsurface structures,and the effects of group interval to migration.
This paper briefly reviewed different migration algo- rithms,and pointed out that group interval and sample rate are two major factors affecting migration results besides migration algorithms,velocity field,and seismic data quality.The effects of group interval on migration lie in 4 aspects,including the presence of spatial aliasing,construction of accurate velocity field,lateral migration error,and lack of amount of migration information.These aspects are related to particular migration algorithms adopted.The results were demonstrated by model and real data.It is suggested that group interval be determined according to the survey targets,subsurface structures,and the effects of group interval to migration.
引文
1熊翥．复杂地区地震数据处理思路[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2002．101～192
2陆基盂．地震勘探原理[M]．东营:石油大学出版社, 1996．23～73
3渥·伊尔马滋．地震数据处理[M]．黄绪德,袁明德译．北京:石油工业出版社,1994．261～266
4辛可锋,王华忠,马在田．一种高精度的偏移速度分析方法——广义屏偏移加Born反演[J]．勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(3):18～26
5国九英,周兴无．f-k域等道距道内插[J]．石油地球物探勘探,1996,31(2):211～217
6张军华,仝兆岐,何潮观等．在f-k域实现三维波场道内插[J]．石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(1):28～30
7宜明理,严又生,魏新等．f-k域抗假频道内插[J]．石油物探,2001,40(2):36～41
8朱生旺．f-x,y域三维道内插[J]．石油地球物理勘探, 1997,32(1):117～123
2陆基盂．地震勘探原理[M]．东营:石油大学出版社, 1996．23～73
3渥·伊尔马滋．地震数据处理[M]．黄绪德,袁明德译．北京:石油工业出版社,1994．261～266
4辛可锋,王华忠,马在田．一种高精度的偏移速度分析方法——广义屏偏移加Born反演[J]．勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(3):18～26
5国九英,周兴无．f-k域等道距道内插[J]．石油地球物探勘探,1996,31(2):211～217
6张军华,仝兆岐,何潮观等．在f-k域实现三维波场道内插[J]．石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(1):28～30
7宜明理,严又生,魏新等．f-k域抗假频道内插[J]．石油物探,2001,40(2):36～41
8朱生旺．f-x,y域三维道内插[J]．石油地球物理勘探, 1997,32(1):117～123
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