LIFT去噪方法在地震资料处理中的应用
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摘要
对地震资料去噪处理的效果直接影响后续处理以及资料解释的精度。以往的去噪处理方法,在提高资料信噪比的同时也损害了有效信号,不能保存原始记录中有效信号的原貌。LIFT(linear interference filter tech- nique)去噪方法的原理是:首先从原始数据中求取信号模型道,并从原始数据中将其减掉,将噪声数据分离出来;然后对分离出来的噪声数据(含有高百分比的噪声和低百分比的有效信号)进行再次去噪处理,得到剩余数据(二次信号数据);最后将剩余数据与信号模型道进行数据重构。对重构数据的分析表明,LIFT去噪方法不仅可以提高地震数据的信噪比,还可以最大限度地保存原始数据中的有效信号。将LIFT去噪方法应用于大庆油田实际地震资料的去噪处理,对单炮记录去噪效果的分析表明,不仅有效信号得到了很好的恢复,一些在原始数据中肉眼观察不到的噪声在分离出来的噪声记录上也被很好地显示出来;LIFT方法去噪的叠加剖面与常规方法去噪的叠加剖面的对比分析表明,用LIFT方法去噪后,噪声得到了很好的压制,资料的信噪比得到了提高。同相轴的连续性增强了,剖面上能量横向分布趋于合理。
The de-noise processing of seismic data directly influence on the quality of subsequent data processing and on the accuracy of data interpretatioa The former de-noise methods often affect the o-riginal signals while improve S/N ratio and so cannot keep the original appearance of the effective signals. The principle of LIFT is to get the signal model trace and eliminate it from the original data so as to separate noise from the data. Then, the separated noise data is de-noised again to get the residual data (the secondary signal data). Finally, the signal model traces and the residual data are reconstructed, showing that the LIFT method can not only improve the S/N ratio but also preserve the effective signal of the original data to a great extent. The application of the LIFT method in Daqing oilfield shows that the signal can be well preserved and the noise which can't be seen in the data by visual examination is clearly showed in the separated noise record. Comparison of the profiles from the LIFT method with that from the conventional de-noise method indicates that the LIFT can well suppress the noise, increase the S/N ratio, and enhance the continuity of the events. As a result, the energy distribution of profile in lateral becomes more reasonable.
The de-noise processing of seismic data directly influence on the quality of subsequent data processing and on the accuracy of data interpretatioa The former de-noise methods often affect the o-riginal signals while improve S/N ratio and so cannot keep the original appearance of the effective signals. The principle of LIFT is to get the signal model trace and eliminate it from the original data so as to separate noise from the data. Then, the separated noise data is de-noised again to get the residual data (the secondary signal data). Finally, the signal model traces and the residual data are reconstructed, showing that the LIFT method can not only improve the S/N ratio but also preserve the effective signal of the original data to a great extent. The application of the LIFT method in Daqing oilfield shows that the signal can be well preserved and the noise which can't be seen in the data by visual examination is clearly showed in the separated noise record. Comparison of the profiles from the LIFT method with that from the conventional de-noise method indicates that the LIFT can well suppress the noise, increase the S/N ratio, and enhance the continuity of the events. As a result, the energy distribution of profile in lateral becomes more reasonable.
引文
1蔡希玲,赵波,贺振华等．异常噪声对叠前多道处理效果的影响[J]．石油物探,2002,41(1):84～87
2张亚斌．焉耆盆地低信噪比地震资料处理方法[J]．石油物探,2004,43(2):185～187
3覃天,王彦春,凌勋．准噶尔盆地低信噪比地震资料处理方法[J]．石油物探,2005,44(6):593～597
4彭更新,梁顺军．山区复杂构造低信噪比地震资料的修饰性处理[J]．石油物探,2004,43(3):251～257
5苑益军,周芝旭,牛滨华等．浅谈地震资料处理中的提高信噪比处理技术[J]．石油地球物理勘探,2005,40 (2):168～171
6郭树祥,王立歆,韩文功．叠前地震数据优化处理技术分析[J]．石油物探,2006,45(5):497～502
7宁俊瑞,高鸿,杨再朝．图像数字处理技术在叠后去噪中的应用[J]．石油物探,2006,45(1):70～73
8武克奋．双向预测法压制线性干扰波和多次波[J]．石油物探,2005,44(5):458～460
9杨立强,宋海斌,郝天珧等．基于二维小波变换的随机噪声压制方法研究[J]．石油物探,2005,44(1):4～6
10甘其刚,彭大钧．叠前时空域线性干扰的衰减及应用[J]．石油物探,2004,43(2):123～125
11 Jason Choo, Sudhakar. A new seismic processing technique to LIFT noise and multiple[R]. CSEG and Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Joint National Convention, Calgary,2003
2张亚斌．焉耆盆地低信噪比地震资料处理方法[J]．石油物探,2004,43(2):185～187
3覃天,王彦春,凌勋．准噶尔盆地低信噪比地震资料处理方法[J]．石油物探,2005,44(6):593～597
4彭更新,梁顺军．山区复杂构造低信噪比地震资料的修饰性处理[J]．石油物探,2004,43(3):251～257
5苑益军,周芝旭,牛滨华等．浅谈地震资料处理中的提高信噪比处理技术[J]．石油地球物理勘探,2005,40 (2):168～171
6郭树祥,王立歆,韩文功．叠前地震数据优化处理技术分析[J]．石油物探,2006,45(5):497～502
7宁俊瑞,高鸿,杨再朝．图像数字处理技术在叠后去噪中的应用[J]．石油物探,2006,45(1):70～73
8武克奋．双向预测法压制线性干扰波和多次波[J]．石油物探,2005,44(5):458～460
9杨立强,宋海斌,郝天珧等．基于二维小波变换的随机噪声压制方法研究[J]．石油物探,2005,44(1):4～6
10甘其刚,彭大钧．叠前时空域线性干扰的衰减及应用[J]．石油物探,2004,43(2):123～125
11 Jason Choo, Sudhakar. A new seismic processing technique to LIFT noise and multiple[R]. CSEG and Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Joint National Convention, Calgary,2003
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