中国地应力场分布规律统计分析
摘要
查阅迄今为止中国现有的实测地应力资料,参照霍克–布朗的地应力分析、统计和拟合方法,形成实测平均水平地应力与垂直地应力的比值随深度变化的散点图,回归实测平均水平地应力与垂直地应力的比值随深度的变化曲线并与霍克–布朗曲线进行比较,发现深度超过1 200 m以后,中国实测平均水平地应力与垂直地应力的比值统计值大于霍克–布朗曲线中值,且最大应力包线与霍克–布朗包线基本吻合,而最小应力包线的应力水平小于霍克–布朗包线的应力水平。进一步分析回归中国岩浆岩、沉积岩和变质岩等3种岩性的地应力统计结果,得到类似的回归曲线。统计结果对了解中国地应力场的宏观分布情况具有重要参考价值,对进行深埋地下结构分析计算和辅助设计具有重要的实用价值。
The initial geostress measurement results up to now in China are reviewed.Three typical results from the southern mountainous area in Fujian Province,Baka oilfield in Xinjiang autonomous region and No.2 mining area of Jinchuan nickel mine in Gansu Province are listed.The ratios of the average horizontal geostresses and the vertical geostresses(RAHVG) varying with depth are plotted in a dispersed point chart following the Hoek-Brown′s method.The regression curve and the maximum envelope curve as well as the minimum envelope curve for RAHVG are fitted in the dispersed point chart.Compared with the Hoek-Brown′ curve,when the depth is more than 1 200 m,the RAHVG are greater than that of Hoek and Brown.The maximum envelope curve for China is almost consistent with that of Hoek and Brown,but the minimum envelope curve for China shows smaller than Hoek-Brown′s minimum envelope curve.Furthermore,the dispersed point charts are plotted and the same type of the RAHVG curves is fitted for the rock types of the magmatic rock,sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock based on the initial geostress measurement results.The regression results of the three different rocks show the different properties in RAHVG curves.When the depth is more than 500 m,the RAHVG curve for the sedimentary rock is approaching to 1.0.For the magmatic rock in China,the values in the RAHVG curve are bigger than those of the other two types when the depth is less than 500 m,but smaller when the depth is more than 500 m.The measurement geostresses for the metamorphic rock are more dispersed than those for the other two types of rocks.The fitted regression curves are of importance for the numerical analysis of underground engineering.
The initial geostress measurement results up to now in China are reviewed.Three typical results from the southern mountainous area in Fujian Province,Baka oilfield in Xinjiang autonomous region and No.2 mining area of Jinchuan nickel mine in Gansu Province are listed.The ratios of the average horizontal geostresses and the vertical geostresses(RAHVG) varying with depth are plotted in a dispersed point chart following the Hoek-Brown′s method.The regression curve and the maximum envelope curve as well as the minimum envelope curve for RAHVG are fitted in the dispersed point chart.Compared with the Hoek-Brown′ curve,when the depth is more than 1 200 m,the RAHVG are greater than that of Hoek and Brown.The maximum envelope curve for China is almost consistent with that of Hoek and Brown,but the minimum envelope curve for China shows smaller than Hoek-Brown′s minimum envelope curve.Furthermore,the dispersed point charts are plotted and the same type of the RAHVG curves is fitted for the rock types of the magmatic rock,sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock based on the initial geostress measurement results.The regression results of the three different rocks show the different properties in RAHVG curves.When the depth is more than 500 m,the RAHVG curve for the sedimentary rock is approaching to 1.0.For the magmatic rock in China,the values in the RAHVG curve are bigger than those of the other two types when the depth is less than 500 m,but smaller when the depth is more than 500 m.The measurement geostresses for the metamorphic rock are more dispersed than those for the other two types of rocks.The fitted regression curves are of importance for the numerical analysis of underground engineering.
引文
[1]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.(CAI Meifeng,HE Manchao,LIU Dongyan.Rock mechanics and engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[2]BROWN E T,HOEK E.Technical note trends in relationships between measured in-situ stress and depth[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.and Geomech.Abstr.,1978,15(4):211–215.
[3]朱焕春,陶振宇.不同岩石中地应力分布[J].地震学报,1999,16(1):49–63.(ZHU Huanchun,TAO Zhenyu.Geostress distributions in different rocks[J].Acta Seismologic Sinica,1999,16(1):49–63.(in Chinese))
[4]FUCHS K,MüLLER B.World stress map of the earth:a key to tectonic processes and technological applications[J].Naturwissens-chaften,2001,88:357–371.
[5]尹健民,陈礼伟,钟作武,等.某高速公路隧道区水压致裂地应力测量与分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(增):1 827–1 830.(YIN Jianmin,CHEN Liwei,ZHONG Zuowu,et al.Measurement and interpretation on in-situ stresses with hydro-fracturing in a highway tunnel site[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(Supp.):1 827–1 830.(in Chinese))
[6]肖尚斌,张艳君.蒲石河抽水蓄能电站地下厂房地应力特征及岩爆判别[J].东北水利水电,1996,(7):14–16.(XIAO Shangbin,ZHANG Yanjun.The character of the geostress and the estimation of rock pressure burst in the underground factory of the Pushi River pumped-storage power station[J].Northeast Water Conservancy and Electric Power,1996,(7):14–16.(in Chinese))
[7]钟作武,龚壁新,吕国湘.三峡工程地下厂房区域地应力测量与研究[J].长江科学院院报,1996,13(增):17–19.(ZHONG Zuowu,GONG Bixin,LU Guoxiang.The measurement and research of the area geostresses in the underground factory of the Three Gorges Project[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,1996,13(Supp.):17–19.(in Chinese))
[8]董诚,王连捷,杨小聪,等.安庆铜矿地应力测量[J].地质力学学报,2001,7(3):17–19.(DONG Cheng,WANG Lianjie,YANG Xiaocong,et al.Stress measurement of Anqing Copper Mining[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2001,7(3):17–19.(in Chinese))
[9]吴满路,廖椿庭.大茅隧道地应力测量及围岩体稳定性研究[J].地质力学学报,2000,6(2):71–76.(WU Manlu,LIAO Chunting.Stress measurements and study of stability of the Damao tunnel[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2000,6(2):71–76.(in Chinese))
[10]王连捷,丁原辰,刘琦胜,等.引黄隧洞地应力测量[J].地质力学学报,1996,2(1):62–69.(WANG Lianjie,DING Yuanchen,LIU Qisheng,et al.Rock stress measurement in a planned tunnel for diversion of water from the Yellow River[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1996,2(1):62–69.(in Chinese))
[11]蔡美峰,乔兰,于波,等.金川二矿区深部地应力测量及其分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(4):414–418.(CAI Meifeng,QIAO Lan,YU Bo,et al.Results and analysis of in-situ stress measurement at deep position of mining area No.2 of Jinchuan nickel mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(4):414–418.(in Chinese))
[12]乔向阳,刘成,徐冰涛,等.巴喀油田地应力研究与应用[J].新疆地质,2001,19(4):300–304.(QIAO Xiangyang,LIU Cheng,XU Bingtao,et al.In-situ stress study of Baka oilfield and its application[J].Xinjiang Geology,2001,19(4):300–304.(in Chinese))
[13]陈志敏.不同岩性侧压比随深度变化规律探讨[J].西部探矿工程,2006,18(6):99–101.(CHEN Zhimin.Discussion on change law of different lithology′s side pressure ratio with depths[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2006,18(6):99–101.(in Chinese))
[2]BROWN E T,HOEK E.Technical note trends in relationships between measured in-situ stress and depth[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.and Geomech.Abstr.,1978,15(4):211–215.
[3]朱焕春,陶振宇.不同岩石中地应力分布[J].地震学报,1999,16(1):49–63.(ZHU Huanchun,TAO Zhenyu.Geostress distributions in different rocks[J].Acta Seismologic Sinica,1999,16(1):49–63.(in Chinese))
[4]FUCHS K,MüLLER B.World stress map of the earth:a key to tectonic processes and technological applications[J].Naturwissens-chaften,2001,88:357–371.
[5]尹健民,陈礼伟,钟作武,等.某高速公路隧道区水压致裂地应力测量与分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(增):1 827–1 830.(YIN Jianmin,CHEN Liwei,ZHONG Zuowu,et al.Measurement and interpretation on in-situ stresses with hydro-fracturing in a highway tunnel site[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(Supp.):1 827–1 830.(in Chinese))
[6]肖尚斌,张艳君.蒲石河抽水蓄能电站地下厂房地应力特征及岩爆判别[J].东北水利水电,1996,(7):14–16.(XIAO Shangbin,ZHANG Yanjun.The character of the geostress and the estimation of rock pressure burst in the underground factory of the Pushi River pumped-storage power station[J].Northeast Water Conservancy and Electric Power,1996,(7):14–16.(in Chinese))
[7]钟作武,龚壁新,吕国湘.三峡工程地下厂房区域地应力测量与研究[J].长江科学院院报,1996,13(增):17–19.(ZHONG Zuowu,GONG Bixin,LU Guoxiang.The measurement and research of the area geostresses in the underground factory of the Three Gorges Project[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,1996,13(Supp.):17–19.(in Chinese))
[8]董诚,王连捷,杨小聪,等.安庆铜矿地应力测量[J].地质力学学报,2001,7(3):17–19.(DONG Cheng,WANG Lianjie,YANG Xiaocong,et al.Stress measurement of Anqing Copper Mining[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2001,7(3):17–19.(in Chinese))
[9]吴满路,廖椿庭.大茅隧道地应力测量及围岩体稳定性研究[J].地质力学学报,2000,6(2):71–76.(WU Manlu,LIAO Chunting.Stress measurements and study of stability of the Damao tunnel[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2000,6(2):71–76.(in Chinese))
[10]王连捷,丁原辰,刘琦胜,等.引黄隧洞地应力测量[J].地质力学学报,1996,2(1):62–69.(WANG Lianjie,DING Yuanchen,LIU Qisheng,et al.Rock stress measurement in a planned tunnel for diversion of water from the Yellow River[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1996,2(1):62–69.(in Chinese))
[11]蔡美峰,乔兰,于波,等.金川二矿区深部地应力测量及其分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(4):414–418.(CAI Meifeng,QIAO Lan,YU Bo,et al.Results and analysis of in-situ stress measurement at deep position of mining area No.2 of Jinchuan nickel mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(4):414–418.(in Chinese))
[12]乔向阳,刘成,徐冰涛,等.巴喀油田地应力研究与应用[J].新疆地质,2001,19(4):300–304.(QIAO Xiangyang,LIU Cheng,XU Bingtao,et al.In-situ stress study of Baka oilfield and its application[J].Xinjiang Geology,2001,19(4):300–304.(in Chinese))
[13]陈志敏.不同岩性侧压比随深度变化规律探讨[J].西部探矿工程,2006,18(6):99–101.(CHEN Zhimin.Discussion on change law of different lithology′s side pressure ratio with depths[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2006,18(6):99–101.(in Chinese))
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