安徽兆吉口热液型铅锌矿区元素迁移量三维地球化学勘查模式
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摘要
安徽兆吉口铅锌矿床位于长江中下游成矿带安庆—贵池矿集区南侧的东至县杨老尖—龙门尖地区,这一矿床的发现使皖西南地区地质找矿实现重大突破。文中利用Grant的Isocon图解法,研究活动元素的分布特征和迁移规律,以奠定兆吉口地区的地球化学勘查指标及成矿环境指标的研制基础,发现成矿元素Pb、Zn、Cu、Au、Ag、Mo及其伴生元素As、Bi、Sb和矿化剂元素S等从围岩向矿体部位带入程度增加,常量元素SiO2、Fe2O3、MgO、CaO、Na2O、K2O等在青白口系带出,于矿体部位带入。矿床系统的质量是净带入的,平均质量变化为4%;青白口系质量是净带出的,质量变化为-18%。依据元素迁移规律,试制元素迁移量三维地球化学图,认为研究区进一步找矿工作应当沿断裂带向北东和南西方向拓展,结合已有地质资料,对元素迁移进行了解释,并对矿床成因进行了讨论,认为试验矿床是由区域变质构造运动热液作用形成的,试验矿床只是区域变质构造运动热液活动共同形成的矿床(系列)的一部分,研究区具有良好的找矿前景。
Zhaojikou Pb-Zn deposit is located in Dongzhi County,Anhui Province,the southern area of AnqingGuichi metallogenic district in the lower and middle Yangtze River Region.The finding of the deposit was a breakthrough in mineral exploration in the southwest Anhui.This paper applied the Isocon diagram to the study of the distribution characteristics of mobile elements,so as to lay the foundation for finding out geochemical exploration indicators and ore-forming environment indexes;we found that Pb,Zn,Cu,Au,Ag,Mo,As,Bi,Sb and S were enriched increasingly from outer wall-rock towards ore body,that SiO2,Fe2O3,MgO,CaO,Na2 O and K2 O were depleted in Qingbaikou system but enriched in the ore body.The mass of controlled deposit system had gained with an average change of abt.4%,and Qingbaikou System had lost abt.18%.We tried to make the 3Dgeochemical maps of elemental mass transfer,which showed that the further prospecting programs should be carried out towards the NE and SW directions.Combined with the geological data,the migration of elements is explained,and the genesis of the deposit is discussed;it is concluded that Zhaojikou Pb-Zn deposit was formed by regional metamorphism,tectonic movement and fluids activities.The studied deposit is only apart of the metallogenic series formed by regional metamorphism,tectonic movement and fluids activities,and the studied area has good potential prospect.
Zhaojikou Pb-Zn deposit is located in Dongzhi County,Anhui Province,the southern area of AnqingGuichi metallogenic district in the lower and middle Yangtze River Region.The finding of the deposit was a breakthrough in mineral exploration in the southwest Anhui.This paper applied the Isocon diagram to the study of the distribution characteristics of mobile elements,so as to lay the foundation for finding out geochemical exploration indicators and ore-forming environment indexes;we found that Pb,Zn,Cu,Au,Ag,Mo,As,Bi,Sb and S were enriched increasingly from outer wall-rock towards ore body,that SiO2,Fe2O3,MgO,CaO,Na2 O and K2 O were depleted in Qingbaikou system but enriched in the ore body.The mass of controlled deposit system had gained with an average change of abt.4%,and Qingbaikou System had lost abt.18%.We tried to make the 3Dgeochemical maps of elemental mass transfer,which showed that the further prospecting programs should be carried out towards the NE and SW directions.Combined with the geological data,the migration of elements is explained,and the genesis of the deposit is discussed;it is concluded that Zhaojikou Pb-Zn deposit was formed by regional metamorphism,tectonic movement and fluids activities.The studied deposit is only apart of the metallogenic series formed by regional metamorphism,tectonic movement and fluids activities,and the studied area has good potential prospect.
引文
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[10]马生明,朱立新,唐世新,等.甘肃北山白山堂铜矿外围找矿靶区地球化学评价方法示范[J].地球学报,2013(3):338-346.
[11]Ma S M,Zhu L X,Liu C M,et al.Anomaly models of spatial structures for copper-molybdenum ore deposits and their application[J].Acta Geologica Sinica:English Edition,2013(3):843-857.
[12]Sparks R S J.The role of crustal contamination in magma evolution through geological time[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1986,78(2):211-223.
[13]Gresens R L.Composition-volume relationships of metasomatism[J].Chemical Geology,1967(2):47-65.
[14]Grant J A.The isocon diagram:A simple solution to Gresensequation for metasomatic alteration[J].Economic Geology,1986,81(8):1976-1982.
[15]鄢明才,迟清华.中国东部地壳与岩石的化学组成[M].北京:科学出版社,1997:39-40.
[16]Grant J A.Isocon analysis:A brief review of the method and applications[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2005,30(17):997-1004.
[17]Brauhart C W,Huston D L,Groves D I.Geochemical masstransfer patterns as indicators of the architecture of a complete volcanic-hosted massive sulfide hydrothermal alteration system,Panorama District,Pilbara,Western Australia[J].Economic Geology,2001,96(5):1263-1278.
[18]Ague J J.Extreme channelization of fluid and the problem of element mobility during Barrovian metamorphism[J].American Mineralogist,2011,96(2/3):333-352.
[19]艾金彪,马生明,樊连杰.内蒙古乌努格吐山斑岩型铜钼矿床元素迁移定量探讨[J].地球学报,2013(2):193-202.
[20]艾金彪,马生明,朱立新,等.安徽马头斑岩型钼铜矿床蚀变带常量元素迁移规律及其定量计算[J].矿床地质,2013(6):1262-1274.
[21]刘英俊,曹励明,李兆麟,等.元素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1984:6-496.
[22]牟保磊.元素地球化学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1999:1-227.
[23]Bhatia M R.Plate tectonics and geochemical composition of sandstones[J].The Journal of Geology,1983,91(6):611-627.
[24]赵振华.铕地球化学特征的控制因素[J].南京大学学报:地球科学版,1993(5):271-280.
[25]Sverjensky D A.Europium redox equilibria in aqueous solution[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1984,67(1):70-78.
[26]别风雷,李胜荣,孙岱生,等.川西呷村黑矿型多金属矿床热液体系稀土元素组成特征[J].矿物学报,2000(3):233-241.
[27]张德会,金旭东,毛世德,等.成矿热液分类兼论岩浆热液的成矿效率[J].地学前缘,2011,18(5):90-102.
[28]Becker H,Jochum K P,Carlson R W.Trace element fractionation during dehydration of eclogites from high-pressure terranes and the implications for element fluxes in subduction zones[J].Chemical Geology,2000,163(1):65-99.
[29]唐红峰,刘丛强,谢国刚.区域变质作用中岩石的质量迁移和元素活动:以庐山双桥山群变泥质岩系为例[J].地质论评,2000(3):245-254.
[30]游振东,钟增球,周汉文.区域变质作用中的流体[J].地学前缘,2001,8(3):157-164.
[31]Ague J J.Evidence for major mass transfer and volume strain during regional metamorphism of pelites[J].Geology,1991,19(8):855-858.
[32]Bebout G E,Ryan J G,Leeman W P,et al.Fractionation of trace elements by subduction-zone metamorphism:Effect of convergent-margin thermal evolution[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1999,171(1):63-81.
[33]肖荣阁,原振雷,刘敬党,等.区域成矿流体的形成与演化[J].地学前缘,2004,11(2):461-469.
[34]Grauch R I.Rare earth elements in metamorphic rocks[J].Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,1989,21(1):147-167.
[35]翟裕生.试论矿床成因的基本模型[J].地学前缘,2014,21(1):1-8.
[36]陈建业,杨晓松.地震断层的渗透性[J].地学前缘,2012,19(4):30-41.
[37]蔡刚.韦2断块低渗透裂缝性储层压力敏感性研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005(1):49-50,108.
1乐成生.安徽省东至县兆吉口铅锌矿普查报告.芜湖:安徽省核工业勘查技术总院,2011.
1安徽省核工业勘查技术总院.安徽省东至县兆吉口铅锌矿普查报告.2011.
[2]施俊法,周平,唐金荣,等.关于金属矿床深部找矿关键技术发展战略的思考[J].地质通报,2009(增刊1):198-207.
[3]孙华山,赵鹏大,张寿庭,等.系统结构模型在矿产勘查中的应用[J].地学前缘,2004,11(1):305-310.
[4]马生明,朱立新,刘崇民,等.斑岩型Cu(Mo)矿床中微量元素富集贫化规律研究[J].地球学报,2009(6):821-830.
[5]梁胜跃,马生明,朱立新,等.乌努格吐山斑岩型铜钼矿床地球化学异常结构研究[J].物探与化探,2010(2):127-133,143.
[6]徐明钻,朱立新,马生明,等.北山地区矽卡岩型铜矿元素表生活动性规律:以辉铜山铜矿为例[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2011(4):1055-1066.
[7]艾金彪,马生明,朱立新,等.长江中下游马头斑岩型钼铜矿床常量元素、稀土元素特征及迁移规律[J].地质学报,2013(5):691-702.
[8]马生明,朱立新,刘海良,等.甘肃北山辉铜山铜矿地球化学异常结构研究[J].地球学报,2011(4):405-412.
[9]马生明,朱立新,席明杰,等.识别分散矿化的地球化学勘查方法探讨:以内蒙古垦山试验区为例[J].地质与勘探,2011(6):1124-1132.
[10]马生明,朱立新,唐世新,等.甘肃北山白山堂铜矿外围找矿靶区地球化学评价方法示范[J].地球学报,2013(3):338-346.
[11]Ma S M,Zhu L X,Liu C M,et al.Anomaly models of spatial structures for copper-molybdenum ore deposits and their application[J].Acta Geologica Sinica:English Edition,2013(3):843-857.
[12]Sparks R S J.The role of crustal contamination in magma evolution through geological time[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1986,78(2):211-223.
[13]Gresens R L.Composition-volume relationships of metasomatism[J].Chemical Geology,1967(2):47-65.
[14]Grant J A.The isocon diagram:A simple solution to Gresensequation for metasomatic alteration[J].Economic Geology,1986,81(8):1976-1982.
[15]鄢明才,迟清华.中国东部地壳与岩石的化学组成[M].北京:科学出版社,1997:39-40.
[16]Grant J A.Isocon analysis:A brief review of the method and applications[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2005,30(17):997-1004.
[17]Brauhart C W,Huston D L,Groves D I.Geochemical masstransfer patterns as indicators of the architecture of a complete volcanic-hosted massive sulfide hydrothermal alteration system,Panorama District,Pilbara,Western Australia[J].Economic Geology,2001,96(5):1263-1278.
[18]Ague J J.Extreme channelization of fluid and the problem of element mobility during Barrovian metamorphism[J].American Mineralogist,2011,96(2/3):333-352.
[19]艾金彪,马生明,樊连杰.内蒙古乌努格吐山斑岩型铜钼矿床元素迁移定量探讨[J].地球学报,2013(2):193-202.
[20]艾金彪,马生明,朱立新,等.安徽马头斑岩型钼铜矿床蚀变带常量元素迁移规律及其定量计算[J].矿床地质,2013(6):1262-1274.
[21]刘英俊,曹励明,李兆麟,等.元素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1984:6-496.
[22]牟保磊.元素地球化学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1999:1-227.
[23]Bhatia M R.Plate tectonics and geochemical composition of sandstones[J].The Journal of Geology,1983,91(6):611-627.
[24]赵振华.铕地球化学特征的控制因素[J].南京大学学报:地球科学版,1993(5):271-280.
[25]Sverjensky D A.Europium redox equilibria in aqueous solution[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1984,67(1):70-78.
[26]别风雷,李胜荣,孙岱生,等.川西呷村黑矿型多金属矿床热液体系稀土元素组成特征[J].矿物学报,2000(3):233-241.
[27]张德会,金旭东,毛世德,等.成矿热液分类兼论岩浆热液的成矿效率[J].地学前缘,2011,18(5):90-102.
[28]Becker H,Jochum K P,Carlson R W.Trace element fractionation during dehydration of eclogites from high-pressure terranes and the implications for element fluxes in subduction zones[J].Chemical Geology,2000,163(1):65-99.
[29]唐红峰,刘丛强,谢国刚.区域变质作用中岩石的质量迁移和元素活动:以庐山双桥山群变泥质岩系为例[J].地质论评,2000(3):245-254.
[30]游振东,钟增球,周汉文.区域变质作用中的流体[J].地学前缘,2001,8(3):157-164.
[31]Ague J J.Evidence for major mass transfer and volume strain during regional metamorphism of pelites[J].Geology,1991,19(8):855-858.
[32]Bebout G E,Ryan J G,Leeman W P,et al.Fractionation of trace elements by subduction-zone metamorphism:Effect of convergent-margin thermal evolution[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1999,171(1):63-81.
[33]肖荣阁,原振雷,刘敬党,等.区域成矿流体的形成与演化[J].地学前缘,2004,11(2):461-469.
[34]Grauch R I.Rare earth elements in metamorphic rocks[J].Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,1989,21(1):147-167.
[35]翟裕生.试论矿床成因的基本模型[J].地学前缘,2014,21(1):1-8.
[36]陈建业,杨晓松.地震断层的渗透性[J].地学前缘,2012,19(4):30-41.
[37]蔡刚.韦2断块低渗透裂缝性储层压力敏感性研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005(1):49-50,108.
1乐成生.安徽省东至县兆吉口铅锌矿普查报告.芜湖:安徽省核工业勘查技术总院,2011.
1安徽省核工业勘查技术总院.安徽省东至县兆吉口铅锌矿普查报告.2011.
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