基于MaxEnt模型的绿孔雀适宜生境评价及廊道设计
|
摘要
绿孔雀是国家I级保护动物,人类活动导致的生境破碎化正在威胁其生存。本文在实地调查的基础上,根据云南省恐龙河自然保护区内观测到的15个绿孔雀出现点和8个环境变量数据,用MaxEnt模型评价绿孔雀的生境适宜性,使用最小费用模型设计生境廊道。结果表明:MaxEnt模型的评价结果达到优秀水平(训练集AUC=0.951);影响绿孔雀适宜生境的主要环境变量是河漫滩距离(贡献率为59.2%)和海拔(贡献率为30.1%);最适宜和较适宜生境呈条带状分布在恐龙河两侧,较为破碎,面积分别为44.47和76.91 km~2,合计占总面积的15%;在海拔500～1000 m的河谷地区设计了28条1000 m宽的绿孔雀生境廊道,廊道总长度232.08 km,面积241.97 km~2,为绿孔雀保护提供了科学依据和参考。
Green Peafowl( Pavo muticus) is inscribed in the Chinese First-Class National Protected Animals list for its rarity and preciousness. Anthropogenic habitat fragmentation threatens its survival. Based on 15 occurrence records of Green Peafowl and eight environmental parameters in Konglong River nature reserve of Yunnan Province in southwestern China,we evaluated the habitat suitability using MaxEnt Model and designed habitat corridors using Minimum Cost Model. The results showed that the area under ROC curve( AUC) of MaxEnt Model was 0.951,indicating an excellent assessment result of the model. The distance to river bank and the elevation were dominant environmental variables for the suitability of Green Peafowl habitats,with a contribution rate of 59.2% and 30.1%,respectively. The habitats with very high( 44.47 km~2) and high( 76.91 km~2) suitability were elongated and fragmented on both sides of the Konglong River,which together accounted for 15% of the total area of the nature reserve. Furthermore,28 habitat corridors with a width of 1000 m were designed in the river valley between the elevation of 500-1000 m a.s.l.,of which the total length is 232.08 km and the area is 241.97 km~2. Our results provided a scientific basis for the protection of Green Peafowl in China.
Green Peafowl( Pavo muticus) is inscribed in the Chinese First-Class National Protected Animals list for its rarity and preciousness. Anthropogenic habitat fragmentation threatens its survival. Based on 15 occurrence records of Green Peafowl and eight environmental parameters in Konglong River nature reserve of Yunnan Province in southwestern China,we evaluated the habitat suitability using MaxEnt Model and designed habitat corridors using Minimum Cost Model. The results showed that the area under ROC curve( AUC) of MaxEnt Model was 0.951,indicating an excellent assessment result of the model. The distance to river bank and the elevation were dominant environmental variables for the suitability of Green Peafowl habitats,with a contribution rate of 59.2% and 30.1%,respectively. The habitats with very high( 44.47 km~2) and high( 76.91 km~2) suitability were elongated and fragmented on both sides of the Konglong River,which together accounted for 15% of the total area of the nature reserve. Furthermore,28 habitat corridors with a width of 1000 m were designed in the river valley between the elevation of 500-1000 m a.s.l.,of which the total length is 232.08 km and the area is 241.97 km~2. Our results provided a scientific basis for the protection of Green Peafowl in China.
引文
侯宁,戴强,冉江洪,等.2014.大相岭山系泥巴山大熊猫生境廊道设计.应用与环境生物学报,20(6):1039-1045.
角媛梅,刘歆,李绒,等.2017.基于绿孔雀潜在生境的楚雄哀牢山国家公园功能分区研究.旅游科学,31(3):75-84.
孔德军,杨晓君.2017.绿孔雀及其在中国的保护现状.生物学通报,52(1):9-11.
李伟,周伟,张兴勇,等.2006.哀牢山国家级自然保护区南华片三种雉类春季取食地利用比较.动物学研究,27(5):495-504.
李旭,刘钊,周伟,等.2016.云南楚雄恐龙河保护区绿孔雀春季栖息地选择和空间分布.南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,40(3):87-93.
李纪宏,刘雪华.2006.基于最小费用距离模型的自然保护区功能分区.自然资源学报,21(2):217-224.
李学红.2006.恐龙河自然保护区保护价值及保护措施.林业调查规划,31(S1):87-90.
李正玲,陈明勇,吴兆录.2009.生物保护廊道研究进展.生态学杂志,28(3):523-528.
林源,徐雪怡,伊剑锋,等.2017.基于MaxEnt模型的广西黑颈长尾雉潜在栖息地预测与保护空缺分析.四川动物,36(3):328-333.
刘钊,周伟,张仁功,等.2008.云南元江上游石羊江河谷绿孔雀不同季节觅食地选择.生物多样性,16(6):539-546.
刘振生,高惠,滕丽微,等.2013.基于MAXENT模型的贺兰山岩羊生境适宜性评价.生态学报,33(22):7243-7249.
罗翀,徐卫华,周志翔,等.2011.基于生态位模型的秦岭山系林麝生境预测.生态学报,31(5):1211-1229.
罗爱东,董永华.1998.西双版纳野生绿孔雀种群数量及分布现状调查.生态学杂志,17(5):6-10.
欧阳志云,刘建国,肖寒,等.2001.卧龙自然保护区大熊猫生境评价.生态学报,21(11):1869-1874.
齐增湘,徐卫华,熊兴耀,等.2011.基于MAXENT模型的秦岭山系黑熊潜在生境评价.生物多样性,19(3):343-352.
青菁,胥池,杨彪,等.2016.小相岭山系大熊猫廊道规划.生态学报,36(4):1125-1133.
戎战磊,张晋东,洪明生,等.2015.蜂桶寨自然保护区大熊猫生境适宜性评价与保护管理对策.生态学杂志,34(3):621-625.
单鹏飞,吴飞.2017.绿孔雀难得一见.森林与人类,(2):62-63.
王恒颖,孙鸿雁,黎国强.2013.恐龙河自然保护区的动植物资源现状及保护对策研究.林业建设,(1):49-53.
王学志,徐卫华,欧阳志云,等.2008.生态位因子分析在大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)生境评价中的应用.生态学报,28(2):821-828.
文贤继,杨晓君,韩联宪,等.1995.绿孔雀在中国的分在现状调查.生物多样性,3(1):46-51.
文云燕,谢以昌,李学红.2016.恐龙河州级自然保护区绿孔雀监测探讨.林业调查规划,41(4):69-71.
吴昌广,周志翔,王鹏程,等.2009.基于最小费用模型的景观连接度评价.应用生态学报,20(8):2042-2048.
吴庆明,王磊,朱瑞萍,等.2016.基于MAXENT模型的丹顶鹤营巢生境适宜性分析---以扎龙保护区为例.生态学报,36(12):3758-3764.
谢以昌.2009.恐龙河自然保护区生物资源现状及保护对策.林业调查规划,(1):10-12.
徐晖.1999.云南楚雄绿孔雀的现状.野生动物学报,(3):12-13.
徐卫华,欧阳志云,蒋泽银,等.2006.大相岭山系大熊猫生境评价与保护对策研究.生物多样性,14(3):223-231.
杨晓君,文贤继,杨岚,等.2000.春季绿孔雀的栖息地及行为活动的初步观察//海峡两岸鸟类学术研讨会.
姚小刚,李明会,周伟,等.2012.哀牢山自然保护区南华片黑颈长尾雉生境适宜性评价.西南林业大学学报,32(2):68-72.
诸葛海锦,李晓文,张翔,等.2014.青藏高原高寒荒漠区藏羚适宜生境识别及其保护状况评估.应用生态学报,25(12):3483-3490.
Brickle NW.2002.Habitat use,predicted distribution and conservation of green peafowl(Pavo muticus)in Dak Lak Province,Vietnam.Biological Conservation,105:189-197.
Fahrig L.2003.Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity.Annual Review of Ecology,Evolution&Systematics,34:487-515.
Haegeman B,Etienne RS.2010.Entropy maximization and the spatial distribution of species.The American Naturalist,175:74-90.
Harrison RL.1992.Toward a theory of inter-refuge corridor design.Conservation Biology,6:293-295.
Phillips SJ,Anderson RP,Schapire RE.2006.Maximum entropy modelling of species geographic distributions.Ecological Modelling,190:231-259.
Phillips SJ.Miroslav D.2008.Modeling of species distributions with Maxent:New extensions and a comprehensive evaluation.Ecography,31:161-175.
Robinson GR,Holt RD,Gaines MS,et al.1992.Diverse and contrasting effects of habitat fragmentation.Science,257:524-526.
Schadt S,Revilla E,Wiegand T,et al.Assessing the suitability of central European landscapes for the reintroduction of Eurasian lynx.Journal of Applied Ecology,39:189-203.
Sukumal N,Mcgowan PJK,Savini T.2015.Change in status of green peafowl Pavo muticus(Family Phasianidae)in Southcentral Vietnam:A comparison over 15 years.Global Ecology&Conservation,3:11-19.
Swets JA.1988.Measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems.Science,240:1285-1293.
Thulasiraman K,Swamy MNS.2011.Graph algorithms//Graphs:Theory and Algorithms.John Wiley&Sons,Inc.:306-389.
角媛梅,刘歆,李绒,等.2017.基于绿孔雀潜在生境的楚雄哀牢山国家公园功能分区研究.旅游科学,31(3):75-84.
孔德军,杨晓君.2017.绿孔雀及其在中国的保护现状.生物学通报,52(1):9-11.
李伟,周伟,张兴勇,等.2006.哀牢山国家级自然保护区南华片三种雉类春季取食地利用比较.动物学研究,27(5):495-504.
李旭,刘钊,周伟,等.2016.云南楚雄恐龙河保护区绿孔雀春季栖息地选择和空间分布.南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,40(3):87-93.
李纪宏,刘雪华.2006.基于最小费用距离模型的自然保护区功能分区.自然资源学报,21(2):217-224.
李学红.2006.恐龙河自然保护区保护价值及保护措施.林业调查规划,31(S1):87-90.
李正玲,陈明勇,吴兆录.2009.生物保护廊道研究进展.生态学杂志,28(3):523-528.
林源,徐雪怡,伊剑锋,等.2017.基于MaxEnt模型的广西黑颈长尾雉潜在栖息地预测与保护空缺分析.四川动物,36(3):328-333.
刘钊,周伟,张仁功,等.2008.云南元江上游石羊江河谷绿孔雀不同季节觅食地选择.生物多样性,16(6):539-546.
刘振生,高惠,滕丽微,等.2013.基于MAXENT模型的贺兰山岩羊生境适宜性评价.生态学报,33(22):7243-7249.
罗翀,徐卫华,周志翔,等.2011.基于生态位模型的秦岭山系林麝生境预测.生态学报,31(5):1211-1229.
罗爱东,董永华.1998.西双版纳野生绿孔雀种群数量及分布现状调查.生态学杂志,17(5):6-10.
欧阳志云,刘建国,肖寒,等.2001.卧龙自然保护区大熊猫生境评价.生态学报,21(11):1869-1874.
齐增湘,徐卫华,熊兴耀,等.2011.基于MAXENT模型的秦岭山系黑熊潜在生境评价.生物多样性,19(3):343-352.
青菁,胥池,杨彪,等.2016.小相岭山系大熊猫廊道规划.生态学报,36(4):1125-1133.
戎战磊,张晋东,洪明生,等.2015.蜂桶寨自然保护区大熊猫生境适宜性评价与保护管理对策.生态学杂志,34(3):621-625.
单鹏飞,吴飞.2017.绿孔雀难得一见.森林与人类,(2):62-63.
王恒颖,孙鸿雁,黎国强.2013.恐龙河自然保护区的动植物资源现状及保护对策研究.林业建设,(1):49-53.
王学志,徐卫华,欧阳志云,等.2008.生态位因子分析在大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)生境评价中的应用.生态学报,28(2):821-828.
文贤继,杨晓君,韩联宪,等.1995.绿孔雀在中国的分在现状调查.生物多样性,3(1):46-51.
文云燕,谢以昌,李学红.2016.恐龙河州级自然保护区绿孔雀监测探讨.林业调查规划,41(4):69-71.
吴昌广,周志翔,王鹏程,等.2009.基于最小费用模型的景观连接度评价.应用生态学报,20(8):2042-2048.
吴庆明,王磊,朱瑞萍,等.2016.基于MAXENT模型的丹顶鹤营巢生境适宜性分析---以扎龙保护区为例.生态学报,36(12):3758-3764.
谢以昌.2009.恐龙河自然保护区生物资源现状及保护对策.林业调查规划,(1):10-12.
徐晖.1999.云南楚雄绿孔雀的现状.野生动物学报,(3):12-13.
徐卫华,欧阳志云,蒋泽银,等.2006.大相岭山系大熊猫生境评价与保护对策研究.生物多样性,14(3):223-231.
杨晓君,文贤继,杨岚,等.2000.春季绿孔雀的栖息地及行为活动的初步观察//海峡两岸鸟类学术研讨会.
姚小刚,李明会,周伟,等.2012.哀牢山自然保护区南华片黑颈长尾雉生境适宜性评价.西南林业大学学报,32(2):68-72.
诸葛海锦,李晓文,张翔,等.2014.青藏高原高寒荒漠区藏羚适宜生境识别及其保护状况评估.应用生态学报,25(12):3483-3490.
Brickle NW.2002.Habitat use,predicted distribution and conservation of green peafowl(Pavo muticus)in Dak Lak Province,Vietnam.Biological Conservation,105:189-197.
Fahrig L.2003.Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity.Annual Review of Ecology,Evolution&Systematics,34:487-515.
Haegeman B,Etienne RS.2010.Entropy maximization and the spatial distribution of species.The American Naturalist,175:74-90.
Harrison RL.1992.Toward a theory of inter-refuge corridor design.Conservation Biology,6:293-295.
Phillips SJ,Anderson RP,Schapire RE.2006.Maximum entropy modelling of species geographic distributions.Ecological Modelling,190:231-259.
Phillips SJ.Miroslav D.2008.Modeling of species distributions with Maxent:New extensions and a comprehensive evaluation.Ecography,31:161-175.
Robinson GR,Holt RD,Gaines MS,et al.1992.Diverse and contrasting effects of habitat fragmentation.Science,257:524-526.
Schadt S,Revilla E,Wiegand T,et al.Assessing the suitability of central European landscapes for the reintroduction of Eurasian lynx.Journal of Applied Ecology,39:189-203.
Sukumal N,Mcgowan PJK,Savini T.2015.Change in status of green peafowl Pavo muticus(Family Phasianidae)in Southcentral Vietnam:A comparison over 15 years.Global Ecology&Conservation,3:11-19.
Swets JA.1988.Measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems.Science,240:1285-1293.
Thulasiraman K,Swamy MNS.2011.Graph algorithms//Graphs:Theory and Algorithms.John Wiley&Sons,Inc.:306-389.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |