Geochemical characterization of Granitoids in Katchuan Irruan area: further evidence for peraluminous and shoshonitic compositions and post-collisional setting of granitic rocks in the Precambrian Basement Complex of Nigeria
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摘要
Petrographic studies on Granitoids from Katchuan Irruan and adjoining areas, southeastern Nigeria, has shown that they are garnetiferous biotite granite, aplitic granite, porphyritic hornblende biotite granite, porphyritic muscovite biotite granite, weakly foliated leucogranodiorite and simple pegmatite. They are closely associated with the Precambrian Basement Complex rocks which they intruded. Modal analysis shows that the rocks consist of quartz(10%–25%), oligoclase(10%–30%), K-feldspar(15%–35%), biotite(3%–25%), with occasional garnet,hornblende, muscovite, and accessory chlorite, haematite and magnetite. Geochemical data indicates that the rocks are generally shoshonitic, alkali-calcic to calcic, ferroan and peraluminous. They are enriched in large ion lithophile elements as well as high field strength elements(Hf, Ta,Yb, Sm, Zr and Y). Their trace elements and REE patterns are similar, indicating that they are co-genetic. They are characterized by high fractionation factor(La/Yb)N(3.04–228.44) and pronounced negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu*)(0.23–0.71). Their overall geochemical features indicate that they were most likely derived from partial melting of crustal materials in an orogenic(post-collisional) tectonic setting. They are therefore related to the Pan-African granites, otherwise known as the Older Granites which were emplaced during the Pan African orogenic event.
Petrographic studies on Granitoids from Katchuan Irruan and adjoining areas, southeastern Nigeria, has shown that they are garnetiferous biotite granite, aplitic granite, porphyritic hornblende biotite granite, porphyritic muscovite biotite granite, weakly foliated leucogranodiorite and simple pegmatite. They are closely associated with the Precambrian Basement Complex rocks which they intruded. Modal analysis shows that the rocks consist of quartz(10%–25%), oligoclase(10%–30%), K-feldspar(15%–35%), biotite(3%–25%), with occasional garnet,hornblende, muscovite, and accessory chlorite, haematite and magnetite. Geochemical data indicates that the rocks are generally shoshonitic, alkali-calcic to calcic, ferroan and peraluminous. They are enriched in large ion lithophile elements as well as high field strength elements(Hf, Ta,Yb, Sm, Zr and Y). Their trace elements and REE patterns are similar, indicating that they are co-genetic. They are characterized by high fractionation factor(La/Yb)N(3.04–228.44) and pronounced negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu*)(0.23–0.71). Their overall geochemical features indicate that they were most likely derived from partial melting of crustal materials in an orogenic(post-collisional) tectonic setting. They are therefore related to the Pan-African granites, otherwise known as the Older Granites which were emplaced during the Pan African orogenic event.
Petrographic studies on Granitoids from Katchuan Irruan and adjoining areas, southeastern Nigeria, has shown that they are garnetiferous biotite granite, aplitic granite, porphyritic hornblende biotite granite, porphyritic muscovite biotite granite, weakly foliated leucogranodiorite and simple pegmatite. They are closely associated with the Precambrian Basement Complex rocks which they intruded. Modal analysis shows that the rocks consist of quartz(10%–25%), oligoclase(10%–30%), K-feldspar(15%–35%), biotite(3%–25%), with occasional garnet,hornblende, muscovite, and accessory chlorite, haematite and magnetite. Geochemical data indicates that the rocks are generally shoshonitic, alkali-calcic to calcic, ferroan and peraluminous. They are enriched in large ion lithophile elements as well as high field strength elements(Hf, Ta,Yb, Sm, Zr and Y). Their trace elements and REE patterns are similar, indicating that they are co-genetic. They are characterized by high fractionation factor(La/Yb)N(3.04–228.44) and pronounced negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu*)(0.23–0.71). Their overall geochemical features indicate that they were most likely derived from partial melting of crustal materials in an orogenic(post-collisional) tectonic setting. They are therefore related to the Pan-African granites, otherwise known as the Older Granites which were emplaced during the Pan African orogenic event.
引文
Akoh JU,Ogunleye PO,Aliyu AI(2015)Geochemical evolution of micas and Sn-,Nb-,Ta-mineralization associated with the rare metal pegmatite in Angwan Doka,central Nigeria.J Afr Earth Sc97:167-174
Black R,Caby R,Moussine-Pouchkine A,Bertrand JM,Fabre J,Lesquer A(1979)Evidence for the Late Precambrian plate tectonics in West Africa.Nature 278:223-227
Burke KC,Dewey JF(1972)Orogeny in Africa.In:Dessauvagie TFJ,Whiteman AJ(eds)Africa geology.University of Ibadan Press,Ibadan,pp 583-608
Caby R,Bertrand JML,Black R(1981)Pan-African ocean closure and continental collision in the Hoggar-Iforas segment,Central Sahara.In:Kroner A(ed)Precambrian plate tectonics.Elsevier,Amsterdam,pp 407-434
Caen-Vachette M,Umeji AC(1983)Whole-rock Rb-Sr dating of two Monzogranites in Southern Nigeria and their implications on the age of the Pan-African orogenic cycle.J Afr Earth Sci 1:339-342
Cerny P,Ercit TS(2005)The classification of granitic pegmatites revised.Can Mineral 43(6):2005-2026
Chappell BW(1999)Aluminium saturation in I and S-type granites and the characterization of fractionated haplogranites.Lithos46:535-551
Chappell BW,White AJR(1974)Two contrasting granite types.Pac J8:173-174
Chappell BW,White AJR(1992)I-and S-type granites in the Lachlan fold belt.In:Brown PE,Chappell BW(ed)The second Hutton symposium on the origin of granites and related rocks.Edinburgh Earth.Sciences,vol 83,pp 1-26
Chappell BW,White AJR(2001)Two contrasting granite types:25years later.Austral J Ear Sci 48:489-499
Cox KG,Bell JD,Pankhurst RJ(1979)The interpretation of igneous rocks.Allen and Unwin,London
Dada SS,Respaut JP(1989)The quartz fayalite monzonite(bauchite)of Bauchi,new evidence of a syntectonic Pan-African magmatism in northern Nigeria.C R Acad Sci 309:887-892
Dada SS,Briqueu L,Harms U,Lancelot JR,Matheis G(1995)Charnockitic and monzonitic Pan-African series from northcentral Nigeria:trace-element and Nd,Sr,Pd isotope constraints on their petrogenesis.Chem Geol 124:233-252
Ekwueme BN(1987)Structural orientations and Precambrian deformation episodes of Uwet area,Oban massif,Southeastern Nigeria.Precambr Res 34:269-289
Ekwueme BN(1994)Structural features of Obudu Plateau,Bamenda Massif,Eastern Nigeria:preliminary interpretation.J Min Geol30(1):45-59
Ferre EC,Caby R,Peucat JJ,Capdevila IR,Monie P(1998)PanAfrican post-collisional,ferropotassic granite and quartz-monzonite plutons of Eastern Nigeria.Lithos 45:255-278
Ferre EC,Gleizes G,Caby R(2002)Obliquely convergent tectonics and granite emplacement in the Trans-Saharan belt of Eastern Nigeria:a synthesis.Precambr Res 114:199-219
Frost BR,Barnes CG,Collins WJ,Arculus RJ,Ellis DJ,Frost CD(2001)A geochemical classification for granitic rocks.J Petrol42:2033-2048
Grant NK(1978)Structural distinction between metasedimentary cover and underlying basement in 600 M.Y.old Pan-African domain.Geol Soc Bull 89:50-58
Harris NBW,Pearce JA,Tindle AG(1986)Geochemical characteristics of collision-zone magmatism.In:Coward MP,Reis AC(eds)Collision tectonics.Special publication,vol 19.Geological Society,London,pp 67-81
Jones HA,Hockey RD(1964)The geology of part of southwestern Nigeria.Niger Geol Surv Bull 31:87
Khalaji AA(2007)Petrology and geochemistry of the granitoid complex of Boroujerd,Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone,Western Iran.J Asian Earth Sci 144:56-76
Leblanc M(1981)The Late Proterozoic ophiolites of Bou Azzer(Morocco):evidence for Pan-African plate tectonics.In:Kroner A(ed)Precambrian plate tectonics.Elsevier,Amsterdam,pp 435-451
Le Maitre RW,Bateman P,Dudek AJ,Keller MJ(1989)AClassification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms.Blackwell,Oxford,p 193
Makanjuola AA(1982)A review of the petrology of the Nigerian syenites.J Min Geol 19:1-14
Mc Curry P,Wright JB(1977)On place and time in orogenic granite plutonism.J Geol Soc Am 82(6):1713-1716
Nigerian Geological Survey Agency(1994)Geological map of Nigeria
Nigerian Geological Survey Agency(2004)Geological map of Nigeria
Nigerian Geological Survey Agency(2011)Geological map of Nigeria
Obiora SC(2005)Field descriptions of hard rocks,with examples from the Nigerian Basement Complex.SNAAP Press(Nig.)Ltd.,Enugu
Obiora SC(2006)Petrology and geotectonic setting of the Basement Complex rocks around Ogoja,Southeastern Nigeria.Ghana J Sci46:13-46
Obiora SC(2012)Chemical characterization and tectonic evolution of hornblende-biotite granitoids from the Precambrian Basement Complex around Ityowanye and Katsina-Ala,Southeastern Nigeria.J Min Geol 48(1):13-29
Obiora SC,Ukaegbu VU(2008)Petrology and geochemical characteristics of Precambrian granitic basement complex rocks in the southernmost part of North-Central Nigeria.Chin J Geochem28:377-385
Odeyemi IB(1977)On the petrology of the basement rocks around Igarra,Bendel state,Nigeria.Unpublished Ph.D.thesis,University of Ibadan
Okonkwo CT,Folorunso IO(2013)Petrochemistry and geotectonic setting of granitic rocks in Aderan area,S.W.Nigeria.J Geogr Geol 5(1):30
Okonkwo CT,Ganev VY(2012)U-Pb geochronology of the Jebba granitic gneiss and its implications for the paleoproterozoic evolution of Jebba area,Southwestern Nigeria.Int J Geosci3:1065-1073
Olarewaju VO(1987)Charnockite-granite association in SW Nigeria:Rapakivi granite type and charnockite plutonism in Nigeria.J Afr Earth Sc 6:67-77
Olanrewaju VO,Rahaman MA(1982)Petrology and Geochemistry of the Older Granites from some parts of Northern Nigeria.J Min Geol 17:2
Oyawoye MO(1964)The geology of the Nigerian Basement Complex-a survey of our present knowledge of them.J Niger Metall Soc 1(2):87-102
Oyawoye MO(1970)The basement complex of Nigeria.Afr Geol1:67-99
Patino-Douce AE(1999)Generation of metaluminous A-type granites by low pressure melting of calc-alkaline granitoids.Geology25:743-746
Patino-Douce AA,Beard JS(1995)Dehydration-melting of biotite gneiss and quartz amphibolite from 3 to 15 kbar.J Petrol36:707-738
Pearce JA,Harris NBW,Tindle AG(1984)Trace element discrimination diagram for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks.J Petrol 25(4):956-983
Rahaman MA(1976)Review of the basement geology of Southwestern Nigeria.In:Kogbe CA(ed)Geology of Nigeria.Elizabethan Publication Company,Lagos,pp 41-58
Rahaman MA(1989)Review of the basement geology of southwestern Nigeria.In:Kogbe CA(ed)Geology of Nigeria,2nd edn.Rock View Publication Company,Jos,pp 39-56
Rahman AMS,Ekwere SJ,Azmatullah M,Ukpong EE(1988)Petrology and geochemistry of granitic intrusive rocks from the western part of Oban Massif,Southeastern Nigeria.J Afr Earth Sci 7:149-157
Shand SJ(1943)Eruptive rocks:their genesis,composition,classification,and their relation to ore-deposits with a chapter on meteorite.Wiley,New York
Strekeisen A(1976)To each plutonic rock,its proper name.Earth Sci Rev 12:1-33
Sun SS,Mc Donough WF(1991)Chemical and isotopic systematic of oceanic basalts:implication for mantle composition and processes.In:Sunders AD,Norry MJ(eds)Magmatic in oceanic basins.Special publication,vol 42.Geology Society of London,London,pp 313-345
Thompson RN(1982)British Tertiary volcanic province.Scott J Geol18:49-67
Wilson M(1989)Igneous petrogenesis.Unwin Hyman,London
Zhou YY,Zhai MG,Zhao TP,Lan ZW,Sun QY(2014)Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the petrogenesis of the early Paleoproterozoic potassic granite in the Lushan area,southern margin of the North China Craton.J Asian Earth Sci94:190-204
Zorpi MJ,Coulon C,Orsini JB,Cocirta C(1989)Magma mingling,zoning and emplacement in calc-alkaline granitoid plutons.Tectonophysics 157:315-329
Black R,Caby R,Moussine-Pouchkine A,Bertrand JM,Fabre J,Lesquer A(1979)Evidence for the Late Precambrian plate tectonics in West Africa.Nature 278:223-227
Burke KC,Dewey JF(1972)Orogeny in Africa.In:Dessauvagie TFJ,Whiteman AJ(eds)Africa geology.University of Ibadan Press,Ibadan,pp 583-608
Caby R,Bertrand JML,Black R(1981)Pan-African ocean closure and continental collision in the Hoggar-Iforas segment,Central Sahara.In:Kroner A(ed)Precambrian plate tectonics.Elsevier,Amsterdam,pp 407-434
Caen-Vachette M,Umeji AC(1983)Whole-rock Rb-Sr dating of two Monzogranites in Southern Nigeria and their implications on the age of the Pan-African orogenic cycle.J Afr Earth Sci 1:339-342
Cerny P,Ercit TS(2005)The classification of granitic pegmatites revised.Can Mineral 43(6):2005-2026
Chappell BW(1999)Aluminium saturation in I and S-type granites and the characterization of fractionated haplogranites.Lithos46:535-551
Chappell BW,White AJR(1974)Two contrasting granite types.Pac J8:173-174
Chappell BW,White AJR(1992)I-and S-type granites in the Lachlan fold belt.In:Brown PE,Chappell BW(ed)The second Hutton symposium on the origin of granites and related rocks.Edinburgh Earth.Sciences,vol 83,pp 1-26
Chappell BW,White AJR(2001)Two contrasting granite types:25years later.Austral J Ear Sci 48:489-499
Cox KG,Bell JD,Pankhurst RJ(1979)The interpretation of igneous rocks.Allen and Unwin,London
Dada SS,Respaut JP(1989)The quartz fayalite monzonite(bauchite)of Bauchi,new evidence of a syntectonic Pan-African magmatism in northern Nigeria.C R Acad Sci 309:887-892
Dada SS,Briqueu L,Harms U,Lancelot JR,Matheis G(1995)Charnockitic and monzonitic Pan-African series from northcentral Nigeria:trace-element and Nd,Sr,Pd isotope constraints on their petrogenesis.Chem Geol 124:233-252
Ekwueme BN(1987)Structural orientations and Precambrian deformation episodes of Uwet area,Oban massif,Southeastern Nigeria.Precambr Res 34:269-289
Ekwueme BN(1994)Structural features of Obudu Plateau,Bamenda Massif,Eastern Nigeria:preliminary interpretation.J Min Geol30(1):45-59
Ferre EC,Caby R,Peucat JJ,Capdevila IR,Monie P(1998)PanAfrican post-collisional,ferropotassic granite and quartz-monzonite plutons of Eastern Nigeria.Lithos 45:255-278
Ferre EC,Gleizes G,Caby R(2002)Obliquely convergent tectonics and granite emplacement in the Trans-Saharan belt of Eastern Nigeria:a synthesis.Precambr Res 114:199-219
Frost BR,Barnes CG,Collins WJ,Arculus RJ,Ellis DJ,Frost CD(2001)A geochemical classification for granitic rocks.J Petrol42:2033-2048
Grant NK(1978)Structural distinction between metasedimentary cover and underlying basement in 600 M.Y.old Pan-African domain.Geol Soc Bull 89:50-58
Harris NBW,Pearce JA,Tindle AG(1986)Geochemical characteristics of collision-zone magmatism.In:Coward MP,Reis AC(eds)Collision tectonics.Special publication,vol 19.Geological Society,London,pp 67-81
Jones HA,Hockey RD(1964)The geology of part of southwestern Nigeria.Niger Geol Surv Bull 31:87
Khalaji AA(2007)Petrology and geochemistry of the granitoid complex of Boroujerd,Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone,Western Iran.J Asian Earth Sci 144:56-76
Leblanc M(1981)The Late Proterozoic ophiolites of Bou Azzer(Morocco):evidence for Pan-African plate tectonics.In:Kroner A(ed)Precambrian plate tectonics.Elsevier,Amsterdam,pp 435-451
Le Maitre RW,Bateman P,Dudek AJ,Keller MJ(1989)AClassification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms.Blackwell,Oxford,p 193
Makanjuola AA(1982)A review of the petrology of the Nigerian syenites.J Min Geol 19:1-14
Mc Curry P,Wright JB(1977)On place and time in orogenic granite plutonism.J Geol Soc Am 82(6):1713-1716
Nigerian Geological Survey Agency(1994)Geological map of Nigeria
Nigerian Geological Survey Agency(2004)Geological map of Nigeria
Nigerian Geological Survey Agency(2011)Geological map of Nigeria
Obiora SC(2005)Field descriptions of hard rocks,with examples from the Nigerian Basement Complex.SNAAP Press(Nig.)Ltd.,Enugu
Obiora SC(2006)Petrology and geotectonic setting of the Basement Complex rocks around Ogoja,Southeastern Nigeria.Ghana J Sci46:13-46
Obiora SC(2012)Chemical characterization and tectonic evolution of hornblende-biotite granitoids from the Precambrian Basement Complex around Ityowanye and Katsina-Ala,Southeastern Nigeria.J Min Geol 48(1):13-29
Obiora SC,Ukaegbu VU(2008)Petrology and geochemical characteristics of Precambrian granitic basement complex rocks in the southernmost part of North-Central Nigeria.Chin J Geochem28:377-385
Odeyemi IB(1977)On the petrology of the basement rocks around Igarra,Bendel state,Nigeria.Unpublished Ph.D.thesis,University of Ibadan
Okonkwo CT,Folorunso IO(2013)Petrochemistry and geotectonic setting of granitic rocks in Aderan area,S.W.Nigeria.J Geogr Geol 5(1):30
Okonkwo CT,Ganev VY(2012)U-Pb geochronology of the Jebba granitic gneiss and its implications for the paleoproterozoic evolution of Jebba area,Southwestern Nigeria.Int J Geosci3:1065-1073
Olarewaju VO(1987)Charnockite-granite association in SW Nigeria:Rapakivi granite type and charnockite plutonism in Nigeria.J Afr Earth Sc 6:67-77
Olanrewaju VO,Rahaman MA(1982)Petrology and Geochemistry of the Older Granites from some parts of Northern Nigeria.J Min Geol 17:2
Oyawoye MO(1964)The geology of the Nigerian Basement Complex-a survey of our present knowledge of them.J Niger Metall Soc 1(2):87-102
Oyawoye MO(1970)The basement complex of Nigeria.Afr Geol1:67-99
Patino-Douce AE(1999)Generation of metaluminous A-type granites by low pressure melting of calc-alkaline granitoids.Geology25:743-746
Patino-Douce AA,Beard JS(1995)Dehydration-melting of biotite gneiss and quartz amphibolite from 3 to 15 kbar.J Petrol36:707-738
Pearce JA,Harris NBW,Tindle AG(1984)Trace element discrimination diagram for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks.J Petrol 25(4):956-983
Rahaman MA(1976)Review of the basement geology of Southwestern Nigeria.In:Kogbe CA(ed)Geology of Nigeria.Elizabethan Publication Company,Lagos,pp 41-58
Rahaman MA(1989)Review of the basement geology of southwestern Nigeria.In:Kogbe CA(ed)Geology of Nigeria,2nd edn.Rock View Publication Company,Jos,pp 39-56
Rahman AMS,Ekwere SJ,Azmatullah M,Ukpong EE(1988)Petrology and geochemistry of granitic intrusive rocks from the western part of Oban Massif,Southeastern Nigeria.J Afr Earth Sci 7:149-157
Shand SJ(1943)Eruptive rocks:their genesis,composition,classification,and their relation to ore-deposits with a chapter on meteorite.Wiley,New York
Strekeisen A(1976)To each plutonic rock,its proper name.Earth Sci Rev 12:1-33
Sun SS,Mc Donough WF(1991)Chemical and isotopic systematic of oceanic basalts:implication for mantle composition and processes.In:Sunders AD,Norry MJ(eds)Magmatic in oceanic basins.Special publication,vol 42.Geology Society of London,London,pp 313-345
Thompson RN(1982)British Tertiary volcanic province.Scott J Geol18:49-67
Wilson M(1989)Igneous petrogenesis.Unwin Hyman,London
Zhou YY,Zhai MG,Zhao TP,Lan ZW,Sun QY(2014)Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the petrogenesis of the early Paleoproterozoic potassic granite in the Lushan area,southern margin of the North China Craton.J Asian Earth Sci94:190-204
Zorpi MJ,Coulon C,Orsini JB,Cocirta C(1989)Magma mingling,zoning and emplacement in calc-alkaline granitoid plutons.Tectonophysics 157:315-329