非点源污染最佳管理措施之研究热点综述
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摘要
最佳管理措施(BMPs)被证明是最有效的非点源污染治理方法之一,迄今为止已有广泛的研究与应用。目前,BMPs研究热点主要集中于成本—效益分析与优化配置等。BMPs也可依靠模型测算来进行成本—效益分析,目前评价BMPs环境效益的常用模型包括水土评估模型(SWAT模型)、暴雨洪水管理模型(SWMM模型)等。在实际应用中,特别是在社区、城区甚至整个城市尺度下,非点源污染控制需要进行多种BMPs的优化组合。BMPs的优化配置可基于经验和模型计算进行。近年来,优化算法被引入到BMPs优化配置中,其中遗传算法(GA)的应用广泛,可通过目标函数的引导,进化出最优的BMPs规划方案。但是,中国BMPs成本—效益分析及优化配置中仍存在问题,如模型研究领域缺少与实际监测数据的结合、国内BMPs数据库建设发展缓慢等。
Best management practices(BMPs)were proved to be one of the most effective methods to control non-point sources pollution,which had been studied and used widely.The current studies involving BMPs mainly focused on their cost-effectiveness analysis and placement optimization.Moreover,model calculation could also be applied to analyze the cost-effectiveness for BMPs,and Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)and Storm Water Management Model(SWMM)were the common models for evaluating the environmental benefits of BMPs.In practice,especially for the community,block and even the whole city scale,some different BMPs should be combined optimally to control non-point sources pollution.The optimization placement of BMPs could be performed basing on the experiences and model calculation,namely some BMPs combination placements were selected according to experiences first,and then the optimal BMPs placement was determined by model evaluation.In recent years,the optimization algorithm was introduced into the optimization placement of BMPs,among which the genetic algorithm(GA)was widely used.The optimal placement solution of BMPs could be obtained through evolving by the guidance of objective functions.Besides,the problems in the cost-effectiveness analysis and placement optimization of BMPs were pointed out,such as lack of combination with the practical monitoring data for model research,and the slow development of the BMPs database in China,etc.
Best management practices(BMPs)were proved to be one of the most effective methods to control non-point sources pollution,which had been studied and used widely.The current studies involving BMPs mainly focused on their cost-effectiveness analysis and placement optimization.Moreover,model calculation could also be applied to analyze the cost-effectiveness for BMPs,and Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)and Storm Water Management Model(SWMM)were the common models for evaluating the environmental benefits of BMPs.In practice,especially for the community,block and even the whole city scale,some different BMPs should be combined optimally to control non-point sources pollution.The optimization placement of BMPs could be performed basing on the experiences and model calculation,namely some BMPs combination placements were selected according to experiences first,and then the optimal BMPs placement was determined by model evaluation.In recent years,the optimization algorithm was introduced into the optimization placement of BMPs,among which the genetic algorithm(GA)was widely used.The optimal placement solution of BMPs could be obtained through evolving by the guidance of objective functions.Besides,the problems in the cost-effectiveness analysis and placement optimization of BMPs were pointed out,such as lack of combination with the practical monitoring data for model research,and the slow development of the BMPs database in China,etc.
引文
[1]张鵾,车伍.海绵城市建设背景下对城市径流污染问题的审视[J].建筑科技,2016,34(1):32-36.
[2]王秀英,王晓燕.苏格兰农业非点源污染管理措施评述及启示[J].生态与农村环境学报,2011,27(3):10-14.
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[4]刘永波,吴辉,刘军志.加拿大最佳管理措施流域评价项目评述[J].生态与农村环境学报,2012,28(4):337-342.
[5]刘燕,尹澄清,车伍.植草沟在城市面源污染控制系统的应用[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(3):334-339.
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[9]DAKHLALLAL A O,PARAJULI P B.Evaluation of the best management practices at the watershed scale to attenuate peak streamflow under climate change scenarios[J].Water Resources Management,2016,30(3):963-982.
[10]GADDIS E J B,VOINOV A,SEPPELT R,et al.Spatial optimization of best management practices to attain water quality targets[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(6):1485-1499.
[11]吴辉,刘永波,朱阿兴,等.流域最佳管理措施空间配置优化研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(4):570-579.
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[13]耿润哲,王晓燕,段淑怀,等.基于数据库的农业非点源污染最佳管理措施效率评估工具构建[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(12):3292-3300.
[14]RAO N S,EASTON Z M,SCHNEIDERMAN E M,et al.Modeling watershed scale effectiveness of agricultural best management practices to reduce phosphorus loading[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2009,90(3):1385-1395.
[15]TAPIA VARGAS M,TISCAREO LPEZ M,STONE J J,et al.Tillage system effects on runoff and sediment yield in hillslope agriculture[J].Field Crops Research,2001,69(2):173-182.
[16]徐华山,徐宗学,刘晶.漳卫南运河流域非点源污染负荷估算及最佳管理措施优选[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):882-891.
[17]刘建昌,张珞平,张玉珍,等.控制农业非点源污染的最佳管理措施的优化设计[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2004,43(增刊1):269-274.
[18]KAINI P,ARTITA K,NICKLOW J W.Optimizing structural best management practices using swat and genetic algorithm to improve water quality goals[J].Water Resources Management,2012,26(7):1827-1845.
[19]YANG G,BEST E P.Spatial optimization of watershed management practices for nitrogen load reduction using a modeling-optimization framework[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2015,161(6):252-260.
[20]MARINGANTI C,CHAUBEY I,POPP J.Development of a multi-objective optimization tool for the selection and placement of best management practices for nonpoint source pollution control[J].Water Resources Research,2009,45(6):1-15.
[21]耿润哲,王晓燕,段淑怀,等.小流域非点源污染管理措施的多目标优化配置模拟[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(2):211-220.
[22]柳敏,邢巧,王晶博.城市降雨径流管理LID-BMPs工程规划方案的优化[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(5):105-108.
[23]高洁,王如松,周传斌,等.基于SUSTAIN模型方法的社区暴雨径流管理BMP措施模拟与优化[J].给水排水,2015,41(增刊1):254-260.
[24]唐颖.SUSTAIN支持下的城市降雨径流最佳管理BMP规划研究[D].北京:清华大学,2010.
[25]WILLIS L M,FORREST S B,NISSEN J A,et al.Analysis of on-farm best management practices in the Everglades agricultural area[C]//Environmentally Sound Agriculture:Proceedings of the Second Conference.Orlando:American Society of Agricultural Engineers,1994.
[26]HEATWOLE C D,DILLAHA T A,MOSTAGHIMI S.Agricultural BMPs applicable to Virginia[R].Blacksburg:Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,1991.
[27]DICKINSON W T,RUDRA R P,WALL G J.Targeting remedial measures to control nonpoint-source pollution[J].Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2010,26(3):499-507.
[28]CHATTERJEE A.Watershed optimization of BMP implementation schemes using genetic algorithms[D].Philadelphia:Pennsy Ivania State University,1997.
[29]GITAU M W,VEITH T L,GBUREK W J.Farm-level optimization of BMP placement for cost-effective pollution reduction[J].Transactions of the ASAE,2004,47(6):1923-1931.
[30]SHEN Z,CHEN L,XU L.A topography analysis incorporated incorporated optimization method for the selection and placement of best management practices[J].Plos One,2013,8(1):e54520.
[31]MARINGANTI C,CHAUBEY I,ARABI M,et al.A multiobjective optimization tool for the selection and placement of BMPs for pesticide control[J].Hydrology&Earth System Sciences Discussions,2008,5(4):28-29.
[32]LIMBRUNNER J F.Watershed models for nonpoint source pollution management decision support[D].Medford:Tufts University,2008.
[33]吴辉,刘永波,秦承志,等.流域最佳管理措施情景优化算法的并行化[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2016,41(2):202-207.
[2]王秀英,王晓燕.苏格兰农业非点源污染管理措施评述及启示[J].生态与农村环境学报,2011,27(3):10-14.
[3]USDA.Agricultural conservation practices and related issues:reviews of the state of the art and research needs:a conservation effects assessment bibliography[EB/OL].[2018-06-14].http://www.nal.usda.gov/wqic/ceap/04CEAP.shtml.
[4]刘永波,吴辉,刘军志.加拿大最佳管理措施流域评价项目评述[J].生态与农村环境学报,2012,28(4):337-342.
[5]刘燕,尹澄清,车伍.植草沟在城市面源污染控制系统的应用[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(3):334-339.
[6]杨敦,徐丽花,周琪.潜流式人工湿地在暴雨径流污染控制中的应用[J].农业环境科学学报,2002,21(4):334-336.
[7]孟凡德,耿润哲,欧洋,等.最佳管理措施评估方法研究进展[J].生态学报,2013,33(5):1357-1366.
[8]CHERRY K A,SHEPHERD M,WITHERS P J A,et al.Assessing the effectiveness of actions to mitigate nutrient loss from agriculture:a review of methods[J].Science of the Total Environment,2008,406(1):1-23.
[9]DAKHLALLAL A O,PARAJULI P B.Evaluation of the best management practices at the watershed scale to attenuate peak streamflow under climate change scenarios[J].Water Resources Management,2016,30(3):963-982.
[10]GADDIS E J B,VOINOV A,SEPPELT R,et al.Spatial optimization of best management practices to attain water quality targets[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(6):1485-1499.
[11]吴辉,刘永波,朱阿兴,等.流域最佳管理措施空间配置优化研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(4):570-579.
[12]SCHOUMANS O F,CHARDON W J,BECHMANN M,et al.Mitigration options for reducing nutrient emissions from agriculture:a study amongst European member states of Cost action 869[R].Wageningen:Wageningen University&Research,2011.
[13]耿润哲,王晓燕,段淑怀,等.基于数据库的农业非点源污染最佳管理措施效率评估工具构建[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(12):3292-3300.
[14]RAO N S,EASTON Z M,SCHNEIDERMAN E M,et al.Modeling watershed scale effectiveness of agricultural best management practices to reduce phosphorus loading[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2009,90(3):1385-1395.
[15]TAPIA VARGAS M,TISCAREO LPEZ M,STONE J J,et al.Tillage system effects on runoff and sediment yield in hillslope agriculture[J].Field Crops Research,2001,69(2):173-182.
[16]徐华山,徐宗学,刘晶.漳卫南运河流域非点源污染负荷估算及最佳管理措施优选[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):882-891.
[17]刘建昌,张珞平,张玉珍,等.控制农业非点源污染的最佳管理措施的优化设计[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2004,43(增刊1):269-274.
[18]KAINI P,ARTITA K,NICKLOW J W.Optimizing structural best management practices using swat and genetic algorithm to improve water quality goals[J].Water Resources Management,2012,26(7):1827-1845.
[19]YANG G,BEST E P.Spatial optimization of watershed management practices for nitrogen load reduction using a modeling-optimization framework[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2015,161(6):252-260.
[20]MARINGANTI C,CHAUBEY I,POPP J.Development of a multi-objective optimization tool for the selection and placement of best management practices for nonpoint source pollution control[J].Water Resources Research,2009,45(6):1-15.
[21]耿润哲,王晓燕,段淑怀,等.小流域非点源污染管理措施的多目标优化配置模拟[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(2):211-220.
[22]柳敏,邢巧,王晶博.城市降雨径流管理LID-BMPs工程规划方案的优化[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(5):105-108.
[23]高洁,王如松,周传斌,等.基于SUSTAIN模型方法的社区暴雨径流管理BMP措施模拟与优化[J].给水排水,2015,41(增刊1):254-260.
[24]唐颖.SUSTAIN支持下的城市降雨径流最佳管理BMP规划研究[D].北京:清华大学,2010.
[25]WILLIS L M,FORREST S B,NISSEN J A,et al.Analysis of on-farm best management practices in the Everglades agricultural area[C]//Environmentally Sound Agriculture:Proceedings of the Second Conference.Orlando:American Society of Agricultural Engineers,1994.
[26]HEATWOLE C D,DILLAHA T A,MOSTAGHIMI S.Agricultural BMPs applicable to Virginia[R].Blacksburg:Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,1991.
[27]DICKINSON W T,RUDRA R P,WALL G J.Targeting remedial measures to control nonpoint-source pollution[J].Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2010,26(3):499-507.
[28]CHATTERJEE A.Watershed optimization of BMP implementation schemes using genetic algorithms[D].Philadelphia:Pennsy Ivania State University,1997.
[29]GITAU M W,VEITH T L,GBUREK W J.Farm-level optimization of BMP placement for cost-effective pollution reduction[J].Transactions of the ASAE,2004,47(6):1923-1931.
[30]SHEN Z,CHEN L,XU L.A topography analysis incorporated incorporated optimization method for the selection and placement of best management practices[J].Plos One,2013,8(1):e54520.
[31]MARINGANTI C,CHAUBEY I,ARABI M,et al.A multiobjective optimization tool for the selection and placement of BMPs for pesticide control[J].Hydrology&Earth System Sciences Discussions,2008,5(4):28-29.
[32]LIMBRUNNER J F.Watershed models for nonpoint source pollution management decision support[D].Medford:Tufts University,2008.
[33]吴辉,刘永波,秦承志,等.流域最佳管理措施情景优化算法的并行化[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2016,41(2):202-207.
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