我国高原污水处理厂现存问题及其展望
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摘要
近年来,我国西部高原地区的污水处理厂数量呈现"井喷式"增长现象,但由于高原独特的气候特征以及社会特点,污水处理厂在运行和管理过程中存在诸多问题,正得到越来越多研究者的关注。针对高原地区独有的低温、低氧、低压等自然条件,对高原地区污水处理厂运行、管理方面产生的问题和原因展开分析,结合我国高原污水处理厂实际情况提出了切实可行的建议,并且对我国高原污水处理厂未来的发展方向提出展望。
In recent years,there has been an explosive growth in the quantity of wastewater treatment plants in the western plateau area in China. However,owing to the unique plateau climate characteristics and social characteristics,there are various problems in the course of operation and management of wastewater treatment plants,which has been attracting more and more attention from researchers. Based on the unique natural conditions of the plateau area including low temperature,low oxygen and low pressure,this article analyses the problems and reasons during the operation and management of wastewater treatment plants thereof,and presents practical suggestions and prospects of the plateau wastewater treatment plants in China.
In recent years,there has been an explosive growth in the quantity of wastewater treatment plants in the western plateau area in China. However,owing to the unique plateau climate characteristics and social characteristics,there are various problems in the course of operation and management of wastewater treatment plants,which has been attracting more and more attention from researchers. Based on the unique natural conditions of the plateau area including low temperature,low oxygen and low pressure,this article analyses the problems and reasons during the operation and management of wastewater treatment plants thereof,and presents practical suggestions and prospects of the plateau wastewater treatment plants in China.
引文
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[4]杜甫义.高寒缺氧地区温室型多介质人工湿地污水处理技术研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2016.
[5]沈鸿滢,郭玉,王艳英,等.高原地区污水处理厂工程项目案例分析[J].净水技术,2014(2):9-12.
[6]张利强,杨刚,贾瑞贞.西藏山南地区泽当镇污水处理厂工艺比选[J].山西建筑,2010,36(21):173-174.
[7]郭劲松,潘颖雅,王春燕,等.高原地区CASS工艺处理城镇污水的生产性调试[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2009,31(4):112-116.
[8] Park J J, Byun I G, Park S R, et al. Nitrifying bacterial communities and its activities in aerobic biofilm reactors under different temperature conditions[J]. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,2008,25(6):1448-1455.
[9]王硕,时文歆,王燕,等.低温污水生物处理技术研究现状与展望[J].生物技术通报,2015,31(5):48-53.
[10]贲岳,陈忠林,徐贞贞.低温生活污水处理系统中耐冷菌的筛选及动力学研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(11):3189-3193.
[11]任南琪,马放,杨基先.污染控制微生物学[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2003.
[12] Uemura S,Harada H. Treatment of sewage by a UASB reactor under moderate to low temperature conditions[J]. Bioresource Technology,2000,72(3):275-282.
[13]王利,徐文国,卢士香.高原地区SBR法处理生活污水工程实例[J].水处理技术,2012(增刊1):135-137.
[14] Jiang B C,Ma F,Wei L,et al. Operational Conditions and Improvement Methods of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants under Low Temperatures in Northern China[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2010,113/116:651-654.
[15]王阿华,杨小丽,叶峰.南方地区污水处理厂低温生物脱氮对策研究[J].给水排水,2009,35(10):28-33.
[16] Peng Z,Peng Y,Liu X,et al. Effects of low temperature on sludge settleability and nutrients removal performance treating domestic wastewater[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2011,18(5):55-60.
[17] Knoop S,Kunst S. Influence of temperature and sludge loading on activated sludge settling,especially on Microthrix parvicella[J].Water Science&Technology,1998,37(4):27-35.
[18] Oleszkiewicz J A,Berquist S A. Low temperature nitrogen removal in sequencing batch reactors[J]. Water Research,1988,22(9):1163-1171.
[19]房安富,王旭,苑亮,等.低温条件下提高CAST工艺氨氮硝化能力的研究[J].给水排水,2009,35(2):37-41.
[20] Eldean A,Ramadan K. Removal of ammonia and phenolfrom industrial waste water[C]∥Eleventh International Water Technology Conference,Egypt,2007.
[21]张雷,苗月,姜安玺.耐低温硝化细菌固定化技术及脱氮效果[J].化工进展,2010,29(8):1567-1570.
[22]王建华,陈永志,彭永臻.低碳氮比实际生活污水A2O-BAF工艺低温脱氮除磷[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(9):1195-1200.
[23]杜彦武,郝轶鹏.寒冷地区城市污水处理的工艺与强化措施[J].低温建筑技术,2008(3):133-134.
[24]张雷.低温生活污水脱氮除磷技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2007.
[25] Rodriguezcaballero A, Hallin S, Phlson C, et al. Ammonia oxidizing bacterial community composition and process performance in wastewater treatment plants under low temperature conditions[J]. Water Science&Technology,2012,65(2):197-204.
[26] Fang D,Zhao G,Xu X,et al. Microbial community structures and functions of wastewater treatment systems in plateau and cold regions[J]. Bioresource Technology,2017,249:684.
[27] Akila G,Chandra T S. A novel cold-tolerant Clostridium strain PXYL1 isolated from a psychrophilic cattle manure digester that secretes thermolabile xylanase and cellulase[J]. Fems Microbiology Letters,2003,219(1):63-7.
[28]张雷,苗月,姜安玺.耐低温硝化细菌固定化技术及脱氮效果[J].化工进展,2010,29(8):1567-1570.
[29]高春娣,焦二龙,李浩,等. SBR工艺低溶解氧丝状菌污泥膨胀成因及控制方法[J].北京工业大学学报,2013,39(12):1880-1886.
[30]陆鑫,刘波,谭云飞,等.低温条件下城市污水厂污泥膨胀的生物学成因[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(7):3925-3930.
[31] Ma Z,Wen X,Zhao F,et al. Effect of temperature variation on membrane fouling and microbial community structure in membrane bioreactor[J]. Bioresour Technol,2013,133(2):462-468.
[32]焦二龙.污水生物脱氮过程丝状菌污泥膨胀与控制研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2013.
[33] Grau P,Da Rin B P. Management of toxicity effects in a large wastewater treatment plant[J]. Water Science and Technology,1997,36(2/3):1-8.
[34] Asvapathanagul P,Bang H,Lee H,et al. Concurrent Rapid Identification of Bulking and Foaming Bacteria[J]. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation,2017(17):587-600.
[35] Takács I, Fleit E. Modelling of the micromorphology of the activated sluge floc:low DO,low F/M bulking[J]. Water Science&Technology,1995,31(2):235-243.
[36]高春娣,武联菊,郝坤,等.低温条件下低溶解氧污泥微膨胀的发生及分子生态学解析[J].北京工业大学学报,2011,37(7):1085-1089.
[37]白璐,王淑莹,彭永臻,等.低溶解氧条件下活性污泥沉降性的研究[J].工业水处理,2006,26(5):54-56.
[38] Peng D C,Nicolas Bernet,Jean-Philippe Delgenes,et al. Aerobic granular sludge:a case report[J]. Water Research,1999,33(3):890-893.
[39] Martins A M,Pagilla K,Heijnen J J,et al. Filamentous bulking sludge:a critical review[J]. Water Research,2004,38(4):793-817.
[40]白璐,王淑莹,宋乾武,等.不同温度低溶解氧条件下活性污泥法处理污水的效果研究[J].安全与环境工程,2006,13(4):39-42.
[41]崔洪升,白晓慧,李刚,等.寒冷地区城市污水处理厂污泥膨胀及其控制方法[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2001,34(2):79-82.
[2]滕文民,张爱华,王风翔,等.高寒地区城市污水处理厂的建设与运行[J].中国给水排水,2010,26(24):100-104.
[3] Niu L,Li Y,Wang P,et al. Altitude-scale variation in nitrogenremoval bacterial communities from municipal wastewater treatment plants distributed along a 3600-m altitudinal gradient in China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,559:38.
[4]杜甫义.高寒缺氧地区温室型多介质人工湿地污水处理技术研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2016.
[5]沈鸿滢,郭玉,王艳英,等.高原地区污水处理厂工程项目案例分析[J].净水技术,2014(2):9-12.
[6]张利强,杨刚,贾瑞贞.西藏山南地区泽当镇污水处理厂工艺比选[J].山西建筑,2010,36(21):173-174.
[7]郭劲松,潘颖雅,王春燕,等.高原地区CASS工艺处理城镇污水的生产性调试[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2009,31(4):112-116.
[8] Park J J, Byun I G, Park S R, et al. Nitrifying bacterial communities and its activities in aerobic biofilm reactors under different temperature conditions[J]. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,2008,25(6):1448-1455.
[9]王硕,时文歆,王燕,等.低温污水生物处理技术研究现状与展望[J].生物技术通报,2015,31(5):48-53.
[10]贲岳,陈忠林,徐贞贞.低温生活污水处理系统中耐冷菌的筛选及动力学研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(11):3189-3193.
[11]任南琪,马放,杨基先.污染控制微生物学[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2003.
[12] Uemura S,Harada H. Treatment of sewage by a UASB reactor under moderate to low temperature conditions[J]. Bioresource Technology,2000,72(3):275-282.
[13]王利,徐文国,卢士香.高原地区SBR法处理生活污水工程实例[J].水处理技术,2012(增刊1):135-137.
[14] Jiang B C,Ma F,Wei L,et al. Operational Conditions and Improvement Methods of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants under Low Temperatures in Northern China[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2010,113/116:651-654.
[15]王阿华,杨小丽,叶峰.南方地区污水处理厂低温生物脱氮对策研究[J].给水排水,2009,35(10):28-33.
[16] Peng Z,Peng Y,Liu X,et al. Effects of low temperature on sludge settleability and nutrients removal performance treating domestic wastewater[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2011,18(5):55-60.
[17] Knoop S,Kunst S. Influence of temperature and sludge loading on activated sludge settling,especially on Microthrix parvicella[J].Water Science&Technology,1998,37(4):27-35.
[18] Oleszkiewicz J A,Berquist S A. Low temperature nitrogen removal in sequencing batch reactors[J]. Water Research,1988,22(9):1163-1171.
[19]房安富,王旭,苑亮,等.低温条件下提高CAST工艺氨氮硝化能力的研究[J].给水排水,2009,35(2):37-41.
[20] Eldean A,Ramadan K. Removal of ammonia and phenolfrom industrial waste water[C]∥Eleventh International Water Technology Conference,Egypt,2007.
[21]张雷,苗月,姜安玺.耐低温硝化细菌固定化技术及脱氮效果[J].化工进展,2010,29(8):1567-1570.
[22]王建华,陈永志,彭永臻.低碳氮比实际生活污水A2O-BAF工艺低温脱氮除磷[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(9):1195-1200.
[23]杜彦武,郝轶鹏.寒冷地区城市污水处理的工艺与强化措施[J].低温建筑技术,2008(3):133-134.
[24]张雷.低温生活污水脱氮除磷技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2007.
[25] Rodriguezcaballero A, Hallin S, Phlson C, et al. Ammonia oxidizing bacterial community composition and process performance in wastewater treatment plants under low temperature conditions[J]. Water Science&Technology,2012,65(2):197-204.
[26] Fang D,Zhao G,Xu X,et al. Microbial community structures and functions of wastewater treatment systems in plateau and cold regions[J]. Bioresource Technology,2017,249:684.
[27] Akila G,Chandra T S. A novel cold-tolerant Clostridium strain PXYL1 isolated from a psychrophilic cattle manure digester that secretes thermolabile xylanase and cellulase[J]. Fems Microbiology Letters,2003,219(1):63-7.
[28]张雷,苗月,姜安玺.耐低温硝化细菌固定化技术及脱氮效果[J].化工进展,2010,29(8):1567-1570.
[29]高春娣,焦二龙,李浩,等. SBR工艺低溶解氧丝状菌污泥膨胀成因及控制方法[J].北京工业大学学报,2013,39(12):1880-1886.
[30]陆鑫,刘波,谭云飞,等.低温条件下城市污水厂污泥膨胀的生物学成因[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(7):3925-3930.
[31] Ma Z,Wen X,Zhao F,et al. Effect of temperature variation on membrane fouling and microbial community structure in membrane bioreactor[J]. Bioresour Technol,2013,133(2):462-468.
[32]焦二龙.污水生物脱氮过程丝状菌污泥膨胀与控制研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2013.
[33] Grau P,Da Rin B P. Management of toxicity effects in a large wastewater treatment plant[J]. Water Science and Technology,1997,36(2/3):1-8.
[34] Asvapathanagul P,Bang H,Lee H,et al. Concurrent Rapid Identification of Bulking and Foaming Bacteria[J]. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation,2017(17):587-600.
[35] Takács I, Fleit E. Modelling of the micromorphology of the activated sluge floc:low DO,low F/M bulking[J]. Water Science&Technology,1995,31(2):235-243.
[36]高春娣,武联菊,郝坤,等.低温条件下低溶解氧污泥微膨胀的发生及分子生态学解析[J].北京工业大学学报,2011,37(7):1085-1089.
[37]白璐,王淑莹,彭永臻,等.低溶解氧条件下活性污泥沉降性的研究[J].工业水处理,2006,26(5):54-56.
[38] Peng D C,Nicolas Bernet,Jean-Philippe Delgenes,et al. Aerobic granular sludge:a case report[J]. Water Research,1999,33(3):890-893.
[39] Martins A M,Pagilla K,Heijnen J J,et al. Filamentous bulking sludge:a critical review[J]. Water Research,2004,38(4):793-817.
[40]白璐,王淑莹,宋乾武,等.不同温度低溶解氧条件下活性污泥法处理污水的效果研究[J].安全与环境工程,2006,13(4):39-42.
[41]崔洪升,白晓慧,李刚,等.寒冷地区城市污水处理厂污泥膨胀及其控制方法[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2001,34(2):79-82.